| 词条 | Sergei Sobolev |
| 释义 |
| name = Sergei Lvovich Sobolev | image = Sobolev S L.jpeg | caption = Sergei L. Sobolev in Nice in 1970 | birth_date = {{birth date|1908|10|6|df=y}} | birth_place = Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire | death_date = {{death date and age|1989|1|3|1908|10|6|df=yes}} | death_place = Moscow, Soviet Union | known_for = Sobolev space, generalized functions | influenced = Functional analysis, partial differential equations | field = Mathematics | prizes = 1941, 1951, 1953 Stalin Prize, 1986 USSR State Prize, Hero of Socialist Labor 1951, Lomonosov Gold Medal 1988 (posthumously) | citizenship = Russia | alma_mater = Leningrad State University, 1929 | doctoral_advisor = Nikolai Günther | work_institutions = Steklov Mathematical Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kurchatov Institute,Sobolev Institute }}{{also|Sergei Sobolev (politician)}} Prof Sergei Lvovich Sobolev ({{lang-ru|Серге́й Льво́вич Со́болев}}) HFRSE (6 October 1908 – 3 January 1989) was a Soviet mathematician working in mathematical analysis and partial differential equations. Sobolev introduced notions that are now fundamental for several areas of mathematics. Sobolev spaces can be defined by some growth conditions on the Fourier transform. They and their embedding theorems are an important subject in functional analysis. Generalized functions (later known as distributions) were first introduced by Sobolev in 1935 for weak solutions, and further developed by Laurent Schwartz. Sobolev abstracted the classical notion of differentiation, so expanding the range of application of the technique of Newton and Leibniz. The theory of distributions is considered now as the calculus of the modern epoch.[1] LifeHe was born in St. Petersburg the son of Lev Alexandrovich Sobolev, a lawyer, and his wife, Natalya Georgievna.[2] His city was renamed Petrograd in his youth and then Leningrad in 1924. Sobolev studied Mathematics at Leningrad University and graduated in 1929, having studied under Prof Nikolai Günther. After graduation he worked with Vladimir Smirnov, whom he considered as his second teacher. He worked in Leningrad from 1932, and at the Steklov Mathematical Institute in Moscow from 1934. He headed the institute in evacuation to Kazan during the World War II. He was a Moscow State University Professor of Mathematics from 1935 to 1957 and also a deputy director of the Institute for Atomic Energy from 1943 to 1957 where he participated in the A-bomb project of the USSR. In 1956 Sobolev joined a number of scientists in proposing a large-scale scientific and educational initiative for the Eastern parts of the Soviet Union, which resulted in the creation of the Siberian Division of the Academy of Sciences.[3] He was the founder and first director of the Institute of Mathematics at Akademgorodok near Novosibirsk, which was later to bear his name, and played an important role in the establishment and development of Novosibirsk State University. He died in Moscow.[4] FamilyIn 1930 he married Ariadna Dmitrievna.[2] PublicationsIn 1955 he co-wrote "The Main Features of Cybernetics" with Alexey Lyapunov and Anatoly Kitov which was published in Voprosy filosofii. In 1962 he called for a reform of the Soviet education system.[5] See also
Notes1. ^e.g. Friedman, A. (1970). Foundations of modern analysis. Courier Corporation, p. iii 2. ^1 {{cite book|title=Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002|date=July 2006|publisher=The Royal Society of Edinburgh|isbn=0 902 198 84 X|url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=The Siberian Branch, an overview Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS)|url=http://www.sbras.ru/en/cmn/general|website=www.sbras.ru|accessdate=1 March 2018|language=en}} 4. ^{{cite web|last=O'Connor|first=J J|title=Sergei Lvovich Sobolev|url=http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Sobolev.html}} 5. ^Berg A., (1964), 'Cybernetics and Education' in The Anglo-Soviet Journal, March 1964, pp. 13–20 References
| last = Sobolev | first = Sergei L. | title = Méthode nouvelle à résoudre le problème de Cauchy pour les équations linéaires hyperboliques normales | journal = Matematicheskiĭ Sbornik | volume = 1(43) | issue = 1 | pages = 39–72 | year = 1936 | url = http://mi.mathnet.ru/eng/msb/v43/i1/p39 | zbl = 0014.05902 }} (in French). In this paper Sergei Sobolev introduces generalized functions, applying them to the problem of solving linear hyperbolic partial differential equations.
| last = Sobolev | first = Sergei L. | title = Sur un théorème d'analyse fonctionnelle | journal = Rec. Mat. (Matematicheskiĭ Sbornik) | volume = 4(46) | issue = 3 | pages = 471–497 | year = 1938 | url = http://mi.mathnet.ru/eng/msb/v46/i3/p471 | zbl = 0022.14803 }} (in Russian, with French summary). In this paper Sergei Sobolev proved his embedding theorem, introducing and using integral operators very similar to mollifiers, without naming them. Bibliography
External links
15 : 1908 births|1989 deaths|People from Saint Petersburg|Soviet mathematicians|Russian mathematicians|Russian inventors|Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences|Saint Petersburg State University alumni|Moscow State University faculty|Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology faculty|Members of the French Academy of Sciences|Stalin Prize winners|Heroes of Socialist Labour|20th-century mathematicians|Members of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin |
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