| 词条 | Lion of Al-lāt |
| 释义 |
| name = Lion of Al-lāt | native_name = | image = Lion in the garden of Palmyra Archeological Museum, 2010-04-21.jpg | caption = The Lion of Al-lāt, 2010 | location = Temple of Al-Lat, Palmyra, Syria | designer = | type = | material = Limestone | length = | width = | height = {{convert|3.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} | begin = | complete = | open = | dismantled = | dedicated_to = | map_image = | map_text = | map_width = | relief = | coordinates = {{coord|34.5542|N|38.2667|E|source:wikidata|display=title, inline}} | website = | extra = }} The Lion of Al-lāt (Arabic اللات) is an ancient statue that adorned the Temple of Al-Lat in Palmyra, Syria. On 27 June 2015, it was severely damaged by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant after it had captured Palmyra.[1] The statue was removed to the National Museum of Damascus and underwent reconstruction work, and now stands again.[2] DescriptionThe statue, of a lion holding a crouching gazelle, was made from limestone ashlars in the early first century A.D. and measured {{convert|3.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} in height,[3] weighing 15 tonnes.[1] The lion was regarded as the consort of Al-lāt.[3] The gazelle symbolized Al-lāt's tender and loving traits, as bloodshed was not permitted under penalty of Al-lāt's retaliation.[4] The lion's left paw had a partially damaged Palmyrene inscription (PAT 1122) which reads: tbrk ʾ[lt] (Al-lāt will bless) mn dy lʾyšd (whoever will not shed) dm ʿl ḥgbʾ (blood in the sanctuary).[5] HistoryThe statue was discovered in 1977 by a group of Polish archeologists working under Prof. Michał Gawlikowski.[6] It was found in pieces, having been reused in antiquity for the temple's foundation.[6] Subsequently, it was decided to reassemble the pieces in front of the entrance to the Palmyra Museum. The task was undertaken by restorer Józef Gazy. In 2005, it underwent restoration to eliminate problems from assemblage.[6] Ultimately, the piece was restored in imitation of its original intended appearance – a relief jumping out from a wall.[6] During the Syrian Civil War the statue was shielded with a metal plate and sandbags to protect it from fighting.[1] On 27 June 2015, it was severely damaged by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant after it had captured Palmyra.[1] After the liberation of Palmyra by the Syrian army, Syria's director-general of antiquities and museums Maamoun Abdulkarim declared that the pieces were still in place and it should be possible to put them back together, giving hopes for reconstruction.[7] The statue was moved to Damascus in 2016, where it underwent complete restoration.[8] On 1 October 2017, it was fully restored and is currently on display in the National Museum of Damascus, until safety is assured in Palmyra to move it there again.[2] See also{{Commons}}
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/02/isis-militants-destroy-palmyra-stone-lion-al-lat|title=Isis militants destroy 2,000-year-old statue of lion at Palmyra|work=The Guardian|accessdate=3 July 2015}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lion of Al-lat}}2. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://sana.sy/en/?p=114930|title=Restoration works of Palmyra’s famous ancient statue of Lion of Allat completed – Syrian Arab News Agency|website=sana.sy|language=en-US|access-date=27 June 2018}} 3. ^1 {{cite book|title=Roman Syria and the Near East|author=Kevin Butcher|publisher=Getty Publications|year=2003|isbn=0892367156|page=309}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=Commemorative Figures|author=Theodorus Petrus van Baaren|publisher=Brill Archive|year=1982|isbn=9004067795|page=70}} 5. ^Van Baaren (1982), p. 65 and Reinhard G. Lehmann: “Kein Blutvergießen!” Die Löweninschrift der ʾAllāt von Palmyra, in: ḤBL Tadmor. Studies in Palmyrene Script and Language. KUSATU 23 (2018), pp. 3-8. 6. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url =http://www.pcma.uw.edu.pl/fileadmin/pam/PAM_2004_XVI/248.pdf|title=The Lion of Allat in Palmyra New Museum Display Project|publisher=Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology| author=Bartosz Markowski| accessdate =3 July 2015}} 7. ^{{cite web | date=28 March 2016|url =http://www.ilpost.it/2016/03/28/palmira-prima-e-dopo-lisis/|title=Palmira prima e dopo l'ISIS|work=Il Post|language=Italian|access-date=31 March 2016}} 8. ^{{cite web | url =http://tishreen.news.sy/?p=39218|title=تمثال أسد اللات.. من تدمر إلى المتحف الوطني في دمشق استعداداً لترميمه (In Arabic)|accessdate =21 July 2017}} 8 : 1st-century Roman sculptures|Sculptures of lions|1st-century artifacts|1977 archaeological discoveries|Buildings and structures in Palmyra|Buildings and structures destroyed by ISIL|Limestone statues|Religious sculptures |
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