“List of Adolf Hitler's personal staff”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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List of Adolf Hitler's personal staff

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Staff
Footnotes
See also
References
Citations Bibliography Online

Adolf Hitler, as Führer and Reich Chancellor and Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of Nazi Germany, employed a personal staff, which represented different branches and offices throughout his political career.{{sfn|Martin|Newark|2009}} He maintained a group of aides-de-camp and adjutants, including Martin Bormann's younger brother Albert in the National Socialist Motor Corps (NSKK), Friedrich Hoßbach of the Wehrmacht, who was sacked for unfavourable conduct, and Fritz Darges of the Schutzstaffel (SS), who was also dismissed for inappropriate behaviour. Originally an SS adjutant, Otto Günsche was posted on the Eastern Front from August 1943 to February 1944, and in France until March 1944, until he was appointed as one of Hitler's personal adjutants.

Others included valets Hans Hermann Junge, Karl Wilhelm Krause, and his longest serving valet, Heinz Linge. They accompanied him on his travels and were in charge of Hitler's daily routine; including awaking him, providing newspapers and messages, determining the daily menu/meals and wardrobe.{{sfn|Galante|Silianoff|1989|p=39}} He employed four chauffeurs over the years, including the part-Jewish Emil Maurice, and founding member of the Sturmabteilung (SA), Julius Schreck. Women in his employ included secretaries Christa Schroeder, his chief and longest serving one Johanna Wolf, and his youngest, Traudl Junge. Hitler disliked change in personnel and liked to have people around him that he was used to and who knew his habits.{{sfn|Kershaw|2008|p=375}} Hitler's personal staff members were in daily contact with him and many were present during his final days in the Führerbunker at the end of World War II in Europe.{{sfn|Martin|Newark|2009}}

Staff

Alphabetically listed per their Christian name
Name	Position (Branch)	Years of service	Notes	Image	{{Abbr\|Ref.\|Reference(s)
{{sortname\|Albert\|Bormann	Adjutant (National Socialist Motor Corps)	1931–45	Hamilton\|1984\|pp=135–136}}	Hamilton\|1984\|p=135}}
{{sortname\|Alwin-Broder\|Albrecht	Adjutant (National Socialist Motor Corps)	1938–45	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=289}}	—}}	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=289}}
{{sortname\|Anna\|Döhring\|nolink=1	Cook (Berghof)	1938–45	TimeWatch\|2015}}	—}}	TimeWatch\|2015}}
{{sortname\|Christa\|Schroeder	Secretary	1933–45	Misch\|2014\|p=2}}	—}}	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=281}}
{{sortname\|Constanze\|Manziarly	Cook/dietitian (Berghof)	1943–45	Führerbunker during the dictators final days.{{sfn>O'Donnell\|2001\|pp=271–274}}	—}}	O'Donnell\|2001\|pp=271–274}}
{{sortname\|Emil\|Maurice	Chauffeur (Schutzstaffel)	name=Maurice}}	Hamilton\|1984\|p=161}}	Hamilton\|1984\|p=161}}
{{sortname\|Erich\|Kempka	Chauffeur (Schutzstaffel)	1934–45	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=282}}	—}}	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=282}}
{{sortname\|Friedrich\|Hoßbach	Adjutant (Wehrmacht)	1934–38	Shirer\|1960\|p=315}}	Shirer\|1960\|p=315}}
{{sortname\|Fritz\|Darges	Adjutant (Schutzstaffel)	1943–44	Wiking. Recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.{{sfn>Hamilton\|1984\|p=143}}	—}}	O'Donnell\|2001\|p=208}}
{{sortname\|Gerda\|Christian	Secretary	1937–43; 1943–45	Hamilton\|1984\|p=141}}	—}}	Toland\|1976\|p=733}}
{{sortname\|Gerhard\|Engel	Adjutant (Army)	1941–43	Deutsch\|1968\|p=226}}	Deutsch\|1968\|p=226}}
{{sortname\|Georg\|Betz	Co-pilot (Schutzstaffel)	1932–45	Lufthansa prior to joining the Schutzstaffel (SS). He was later killed during the Battle in Berlin.{{sfn>Joachimsthaler\|1999\|pp=286, 287}}	—}}	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|pp=286, 287}}
{{sortname\|Hans\|Baur	Pilot (Nazi Party)	1932–45	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=294}}	Taylor\|2010\|p=265}}
{{sortname\|Hans Hermann\|Junge	Aide-de-camp and valet (Schutzstaffel)	1940–43	Junge\|2003\|p=197}}	—}}	d' Almeida\|2008\|p=70}}
{{sortname\|Heinz\|Linge	Valet (Schutzstaffel)	1935–45	Linge\|2009\|p=10}}	Linge\|2009\|p=10}}
{{sortname\|Heinrich\|Borgmann	Adjutant (Army)	1943–45	Hamilton\|1984\|p=144}}	—}}	Hamilton\|1984\|p=144}}
{{sortname\|Herbert\|Döhring\|nolink=1	Administrator (Berghof)	1936–43	TimeWatch\|2015}}	—}}	TimeWatch\|2015}}
{{sortname\|Hugo\|Blaschke	Dentist (Schutzstaffel)	1933–45	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=297}}	—}}	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=297}}
{{sortname\|Johanna\|Wolf	Secretary	1929–45	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=291}}	—}}	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=291}}
{{sortname\|Josef "Sepp"\|Dietrich	Chauffeur (Schutzstaffel)	1928–29	Schutzstaffel (SS) commanders.{{sfn>Martin\|Newark\|2009}}	Fredriksen\|2001\|p=142}}
{{sortname\|Julius\|Schaub	Adjutant (Nazi Party)	1925–45	Hamilton\|1984\|p=168}}	—}}	Hamilton\|1984\|p=168}}
{{sortname\|Julius\|Schreck	Chauffeur (Sturmabteilung)	1926–36	Sturmabteilung (SA).{{sfn>Martin\|Newark\|2009}}	—}}	O'Donnell\|2001\|p=228}}
{{sortname\|Karl-Jesko von\|Puttkamer	Adjutant (Navy)	1939–45	Konteradmiral (rear admiral).{{sfn>Joachimsthaler\|1999\|pp=98, 289}}	—}}	Pelt\|2002\|p=18}}
{{sortname\|Karl Wilhelm\|Krause	Valet (Schutzstaffel)	1934–39	Linge\|2009\|p=20}}	Hamilton\|1984\|p=157}}
{{sortname\| Wilhelm\|Arndt\|nolink=1	Valet (Schutzstaffel)	?-45	Killed 21 April 1945 see entry Hitler Diaries
{{sortname\|Ludwig\|Stumpfegger	Surgeon (Schutzstaffel)	1944–45	Schutzstaffel (SS) chief Heinrich Himmler.{{sfn>Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=290}}	—}}	Hamilton\|1984\|p=157}}
{{sortname\|Martin\|Bormann	Private Secretary (Nazi Party)	1943–45	Kershaw\|2008\|pp=749-755}}	Kershaw\|2008\|p=752}}
{{sortname\|Max\|Wünsche	Adjutant (Schutzstaffel)	1938–41	Williamson\|2006\|p=24}}	Williamson\|2006\|p=24}}
{{sortname\|Nicolaus von\|Below	Adjutant (Luftwaffe)	1937–45	Dorr\|2013\|p=210}}	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=293}}
{{sortname\|Otto\|Günsche	Adjutant (Schutzstaffel)	1940–41; 1943; 1944–45	Schutzstaffel (SS) adjutant. From August 1943 to 5 February 1944, he fought on the Eastern Front and in France until March 1944 when he again was appointed a personal adjutant.{{sfn>Hamilton\|1984\|p=149}}	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=281}}
{{sortname\|Richard\|Schulze-Kossens	Aide-de-camp (Schutzstaffel)	1939–41	Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler and the Führerbegleitkommando, both protection squads for Hitler.{{sfn>Hoffmann\|2000\|p=55}}	Hoffmann\|2000\|p=55}}
{{sortname\|Rudolf\|Schmundt	Adjutant (Wehrmacht)	1938–44	Junge\|2003\|p=198}}	Mitcham\|2008\|p=176}}
{{sortname\|Theodor\|Morell	Physician (Nazi Party)	1936–45	Snyder\|1994\|p=232}}	—}}	Snyder\|1994\|p=232}}
{{sortname\|Traudl\|Junge	Secretary	1942–45	Niemi\|2006\|p=144}}	—}}	Niemi\|2006\|p=144}}
{{sortname\|Werner\|Haase	Physician (Schutzstaffel)	1935–45	Kershaw\|2008\|pp=951–952}}	—}}	Kershaw\|2008\|pp=951–952}}
{{sortname\|Wilhelm\|Brückner	Adjutant (Nazi Party)	1930–40	Linge\|2009\|p=59}}	—}}	Linge\|2009\|p=59}}
{{sortname\|Wilhelm\|Burgdorf	Adjutant (Army)	1944–45	Heerespersonalamt (Army Personnel Office) and chief adjutant in October 1944.{{sfn>Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=286}}	Joachimsthaler\|1999\|p=286}}
{{sortname\|Willy\|Johannmeyer	Adjutant (Army)	1945	Fellgiebel\|2003\|p=201}}	—}}	Hamilton\|1984\|p=144}}

Footnotes

{{notes
| refs =30em{{efn
| name = Maurice
| It is unknown when Maurice was fired as Hitler's chauffeur; neither historians Ian Kershaw or Heike Görtemaker mention this in their work.
}}
}}

References

Citations

Bibliography

{{cite book | last = d' Almeida | first = Fabrice | title = High Society in the Third Reich | publisher = Polity Publishing | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-0-7456-4311-3 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Dorr | first = Robert | title = Fighting Hitler's Jets: The Extraordinary Story of the American Airmen Who Beat the Luftwaffe and Defeated Nazi Germany | publisher = Zenith Press | year = 2013 | isbn = 978-0-7603-4398-2 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Deutsch | first = Harold | title = The Conspiracy Against Hitler in the Twilight War | publisher = University of Minnesota Press | year = 1968 | isbn = 978-0-8166-5743-8 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Fellgiebel | first = Walther-Peer | title = Elite of the Third Reich: The Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, 1939–45 | publisher = Helion & Company | year = 2003 | isbn = 978-1-874622-46-8 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Fredriksen | first = John | title = America's Military Adversaries: From Colonial Times to the Present | publisher = ABC-CLIO | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-1-57607-603-3 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last1 = Galante | first1 = Pierre | last2 = Silianoff | first2 = Eugene | title = Voices From the Bunker | publisher = G. P. Putnam's Sons | year = 1989 | isbn = 978-0-3991-3404-3 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Hamilton | first = Charles |title = Leaders & Personalities of the Third Reich | publisher = James Bender Publishing | year = 1984 | isbn = 978-0-912138-27-5 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Hoffmann | first = Peter | title = Hitler's Personal Security: Protecting the Führer 1921–1945 | year = 2000 | publisher = Da Capo Press | isbn = 978-0-30680-947-7 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Joachimsthaler | first = Anton|authorlink=Anton Joachimsthaler | title = The Last Days of Hitler: The Legends, Evidence, and Truth | year = 1999 | publisher = Brockhampton Press | isbn = 978-1-86019-902-8 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Junge | first = Gertraud | title = Until the Final Hour: Hitler's Last Secretary | year = 2003 | publisher = Arcade Publishing | isbn = 978-1-55970-728-2 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Kershaw | first = Ian | title = Hitler: A Biography | year = 2008 | publisher = W. W. Norton & Company Publishing | isbn = 978-0-393-06757-6 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Linge | first = Heinz |title = With Hitler to the End: The Memoirs of Adolf Hitler's Valet | publisher = Skyhorse Publishing | year = 2009 | isbn = 978-1-60239-804-7 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Misch | first = Rochus | title = Hitler's Last Witness: The Memoirs of Hitler's Bodyguard | publisher = Frontline Books | year = 2014 | isbn = 978-1-4738-3701-0 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Mitcham | first = Samuel Jr. |title = The Rise of the Wehrmacht: The German Armed Forces and World War II | publisher = Praeger Publishing | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-0-275-99659-8 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Niemi | first = Robert | title = History in the Media: Film and Television | publisher = ABC-CLIO | year = 2006 | isbn = 978-1-57607-952-2| ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = O'Donnell | first = James | title = The Bunker: The History of the Reich Chancellery Group | year = 2001 | publisher = Da Capo Press | isbn= 978-078-6743-88-9 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Pelt | first = Robert | authorlink = | title = The Case for Auschwitz: Evidence from the Irving Trial | publisher = Indiana University Press | year = 2002 | isbn = 978-0-253-34016-0 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Shirer | first = William |title = The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich | publisher = Simon & Schuster | year = 1960 | isbn = 978-0-671-72868-7 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Snyder | first = Louis | title = Encyclopedia of the Third Reich | year = 1994 | publisher = Da Capo Press | isbn = 978-1-56924-917-8 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Taylor | first = Blaine |title = Hitler's Engineers | publisher = Casemate Publishers | year = 2010 | isbn = 978-1-935149-78-1| ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Toland | first = John |title = Adolf Hitler | publisher = Anchor Books | year = 1976 | isbn = 978-0-385-42053-2 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Williamson | first = Gordon | title = German Commanders of World War II: Waffen-SS, Luftwaffe and Navy | publisher = Osprey Publishing | year = 2006 | isbn = 978-0-7607-8168-5 | ref = harv }}

Online

{{cite AV media | people = Jonathan Martin (writer), Tim Newark (historical advisor) | year = 2009 | title = Attempts to Kill Hitler at the Wolf's Lair | medium = television documentary | url = http://www.worldmediarights.com/index.php?hidAction=episode&eid=540&name=Attempts_to_Kill_Hitler_at_Wolf's_Lair | accessdate = 8 April 2015 | publisher = World Media Rights | ref = {{sfnRef|Martin|Newark|2009}} }}
{{cite AV media

| people = Kate Rea, Joanne King (researchers)
| year = 2012
| title = The Making of Adolf Hitler
| medium = television documentary
| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2UZNOM_xK0
| accessdate = 18 March 2015
| publisher = TimeWatch (BBC)
| ref = {{sfnRef|TimeWatch|2015}}{{Adolf Hitler}}

2 : Personal staff of Adolf Hitler|Nazi-related lists

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