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词条 List of adverse effects of chlorpromazine
释义

  1. Very common

  2. Common

  3. Uncommon

  4. Rare

  5. Unknown frequency

  6. Notes

  7. References

Chlorpromazine includes the following list of adverse effects (serious adverse effects appear in bold):[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Very common

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  • Sedation (cf. "Thorazine shuffle" – a shuffling gait due to sedation)
  • Somnolence
  • Extrapyramidal symptoms[7]
  • Weight gain
  • Orthostatic hypotension[8]
  • Dry mouth
  • Constipation
{{div col end}}

Common

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  • ECG changes[9]
  • Contact dermatitis
  • Sensitivity to light
  • Urticaria (hives)
  • Maculopapular rash
  • Petechia or edema
  • Hyperprolactinaemia[10]
  • Impaired thermoregulation[11]
  • Hyperglycaemia[12]
  • Other hypothalamic abnormalities[13]
  • Blurred vision
  • Confusion
  • Raised ANA titre
  • Positive SLE cells
  • Mydriasis[14]
  • Atonic colon
  • Seizure[15]
  • Psychomotor agitation|Agitation (restlessness)
  • Excitement|
  • Pain at the injection site
  • Injection site abscess
{{div col end}}

Uncommon

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  • Miosis[16]
  • Urinary retention[17]
  • Nasal congestion
  • Nausea
  • Obstipation
  • Arrhythmias
  • Skin pigmentation
  • Glycosuria[18]
  • Hypoglycaemia[19]
  • Paralytic ileus
{{div col end}}

Rare

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  • Agranulocytosis[20]
  • Haemolytic anaemia[21]
  • Aplastic anaemia[22]
  • A-V block[23]
  • Hypertensive crises[24]
  • Thrombocytopenic purpura
  • Exfoliative dermatitis
  • Toxic epidermal necrolysis[25]
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus[26]
  • Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)[27]
  • Water retention
  • Cholestatic jaundice
  • Liver injury
  • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome[28]
  • Myasthenia gravis[29]
{{div col end}}

Unknown frequency

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  • Leucopaenia[30]
  • Eosinophilia[31]
  • Pancytopaenia[32]
  • Priapism[33]
  • Photophobia[34]
  • Corneal deposits
  • Respiratory depression[35]
  • Ventricular tachycardia
  • QT interval prolongation
  • Atrial fibrilation
  • Hyperthermia[36]
  • Hypothermia[37]
  • Galactorrhoea[38]
  • Breast enlargement in either sex
  • False-positive pregnancy tests
  • Allergic reaction
  • Fits
  • Cerebral oedema[39]
  • Urinary incontinence
  • Coagulation defects
  • Nightmares
  • Abnormality of cerebrospinal fluid proteins
  • Dysphoria[40]
  • Catatonic excitement
  • Narrow angle glaucoma
  • Optic atrophy
  • Pigmentary retinopathy
  • Amenorrhoea[41]
  • Infertility
  • Tardive dyskinesia[42]
{{div col end}}

Notes

1. ^Data on the exact incidence of the different adverse effects is greatly lacking so only rough approximations of adverse effect incidence is available
2. ^{{cite web|title=PRODUCT INFORMATION LARGACTIL|work=TGA eBusiness Services|publisher=Sanofi Aventis Pty Ltd|date=28 August 2012|accessdate=8 December 2013|url=https://www.ebs.tga.gov.au/ebs/picmi/picmirepository.nsf/pdf?OpenAgent&id=CP-2010-PI-05882-3|format=PDF}}
3. ^{{cite web|title=Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride 100mg/5ml Oral Syrup - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC)|work=electronic Medicines Compendium|publisher=Rosemont Pharmaceuticals Limited|date=6 August 2013|accessdate=8 December 2013|url=http://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/10751/SPC/Chlorpromazine+Hydrochloride+100mg+5ml+Oral+Syrup/}}
4. ^{{cite web|title=CHLORPROMAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE tablet, film coated [Sandoz Inc]|work=DailyMed|publisher=Sandoz Inc|date=October 2011|accessdate=8 December 2013|url=http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=f15e9f35-1e3e-4217-b8e2-1d6096dbee1b}}
5. ^{{cite web|title=CHLORPROMAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE injection [West-ward Pharmaceutical Corp.]|work=DailyMed|publisher=West-ward Pharmaceutical Corp.|date=June 2012|accessdate=8 December 2013|url=http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=c0f1fcfd-8863-4032-bf80-185df60a4ba0}}
6. ^{{cite web|title=Largactil Injection - Summary of Product Characteristics|work=electronic Medicines Compendium|publisher=Sanofi|date=10 May 2013|accessdate=8 December 2013|url=http://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/804/SPC/Largactil+Injection/}}
7. ^Refer to main text below for details on this adverse effect
8. ^A drop in blood pressure that results from standing up
9. ^A disturbance in the electrical cycle of the heart
10. ^Elevated serum levels of the lactation-related hormone prolactin. This in turn can result, in the short term, at least, in galactorrhoea (lactation that is unrelated to pregnancy or breastfeeding), gynaecomastia (swollen breast tissue), sexual dysfunction and amenorrhoea (the absence of the menstrual period in women). Whereas in the long-term hyperprolactinaemia can result in osteoporosis (brittle bones).
11. ^An impaired ability to regulate one's body temperature
12. ^High blood glucose (sugar) levels
13. ^The hypothalamus of the brain regulates the release of a number of hormones as well as a few "housekeeping" functions such as tight control over body temperature
14. ^Widening (dilation) of the pupils
15. ^Refer to the text below for details
16. ^Constriction of the pupils of the eyes
17. ^Being unable to pass urine
18. ^Glucose (sugar) in the urine due to there being too much glucose in the blood for the kidneys to reabsorb it all when filtrate goes through loop of henle in the nephrons of the kidney.
19. ^Low blood glucose (sugar)
20. ^Basically an exaggerated form of leucopaenia. It occurs when the white blood cell (WBC) count drops below 5% of the norm
21. ^Where the number of red blood cells of the body die breakdown to an abnormal extent. These cells carry oxygen across the body from the lungs
22. ^Where the bone marrow stops adequately (in order to replenish the blood cells that die off every day) producing new blood cells
23. ^An abnormality in the electrical activity of the heart which can lead to potentially fatal changes in heart rhythm
24. ^Dangerously (in the short-term) high blood pressure
25. ^A dangerous skin reaction
26. ^An autoimmune reaction
27. ^A potentially fatal collection of symptoms (i.e. syndrome) that results from an abnormally excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). This in turn increases the reabsorption of
28. ^A potentially fatal condition that is caused by dopamine receptor-blocking agents such as antipsychotics. It develops over a period of days or weeks and is characterised by rigidity, tremor, diarrhoea, tachycardia, altered mental status (e.g. confusion, mania, hallucinations, etc.) and hyperthermia (high body temperature)
29. ^An autoimmune condition in of which the body's defences attack the neuromuscular junction – the gap between muscle and nerve cells across which the nerves send messages to the muscle cells
30. ^An abnormally low number of white blood cells in the blood. These cells defend the body from infections and hence this can heighten one's risk of infections
31. ^An abnormally high number of eosinophils – the cells of the immune system that defends the body from parasites
32. ^An abnormally low number of all three major groups of blood cells including the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets
33. ^A painful and sustained (usually a few hours) erection
34. ^Fear of light
35. ^A reduction in the normal homeostatic breathing reaction to reductions in plasmacarbon dioxide levels
36. ^High body temperature
37. ^Low body temperature
38. ^Lactation that is unassociated with lactation or breastfeeding
39. ^The accumulation of fluid in the tissues of the brain
40. ^Basically the opposite to euphoria
41. ^The absence of menstrual periods
42. ^An often irreversible and sometimes even fatal movement disorder characterised by involuntary, repetitive and purposeless movements of the face, extremities, lips or tongue. Usually takes a number of years to develop but in some it can appear within months or less since the initiation of antipsychotic treatment

References

1 : Medication side effects

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