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词条 List of Category 4 Pacific hurricanes
释义

  1. Statistics and background

  2. Climatology

  3. {{anchor|Category 4 Pacific hurricanes}}Category 4 Pacific hurricanes

  4. Landfalls

  5. See also

  6. Footnotes

Category 4, the second-highest classification on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale,{{#tag:ref|The Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale, devised in 1971, is used to categorize the intensity of tropical cyclones in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.[1]|group="nb"}} is used for tropical cyclones that have winds of 130–156 mph (209–251 km/h; 113–136 kn). The division of the eastern and central Pacific basins occurs at 140° W; the eastern Pacific covers area east of 140° W, while the central Pacific extends between 140° W to 180° W. Both basins' division points are at 66° N as a northern point and the equator as the southern point. As of {{CURRENTYEAR}}, 126 hurricanes have attained Category 4 status in the northeastern Pacific basins. This list does not include storms that also attained Category 5 status on the scale.

Numerous climatological factors influence the formation of hurricanes in the Pacific basins. The North Pacific High and Aleutian Low, usually present between January and April, cause strong wind shear and unfavorable conditions for the development of hurricanes. During its presence, El Niño results in increased numbers of powerful hurricanes through weaker wind shear, while La Niña reduces the number of such hurricanes through the opposite. Global warming may also influence the formation of tropical cyclones in the Pacific basin. During a thirty-year period with two sub-periods, the first between 1975 and 1989 and the second between 1990 and 2004, an increase of thirteen Category 4 or 5 storms was observed from the first sub-period.

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Statistics and background

{{Saffir-Simpson small}}

On the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale, "Category 4" is the second-most powerful classification, with winds ranging between 130–156 mph (209–251 km/h; 113–136 kn). When these hurricanes make landfall, impacts are usually severe but are not as destructive as Category 5 hurricanes that come ashore.[1] The term "maximum sustained wind" refers to the average wind speed measured during the period of one minute at the height of {{convert|10|ft|m}} above the ground. The windspeed is measured at that height to prevent disruption from obstructions. Wind gusts in tropical cyclones are usually approximately 30% stronger than the one-minute maximum sustained winds.[2]

The northeastern Pacific hurricane basins are divided into two parts – eastern and central. The eastern Pacific basin extends from all areas of the Pacific north of the equator east of 140° W, while the central Pacific basin includes areas north of the equator between 140° W and 180° W.[3] Both basins extend to the Arctic Circle at 66° N.[4] When tropical cyclones cross from the Atlantic into the Pacific, the name of the previous storm is retained if the system continues to exhibit tropical characteristics; however, when hurricanes degenerate into a remnant low-pressure area, the system is designated with the next name on the rotating eastern Pacific hurricane naming list.[5]

Since 1900, 126 Category 4 hurricanes have been recorded in the eastern and central Pacific basins. Of these, fourteen have attained Category 4 status on more than one occasion, by weakening to a status on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale lower than Category 4 and later restrengthening into a Category 4. Such storms are demarcated by the dates they first attained and the final time they lost the intensity. Only three storms, Hurricane Fico in 1978, Hurricane Norbert in 1984, and Hector in 2018, reached Category 4 status three times or more.[7]

Between 1970 and 1975, advisories for systems in the eastern Pacific basins were initiated by the Eastern Pacific Hurricane Center (EPHC) as part of the National Weather Service (NWS) office in San Francisco, California. At that time, the advisories released were written in cooperation with the United States Navy Fleet Weather Center in Alameda and the Air Force Hurricane Liaison Officer at the McClellan Air Force Base. Following the move of the hurricane center to Redwood City in 1976, track files were created and altered by Arthur Pike and were later re-modified following the release of a study in 1980. The National Hurricane Center (NHC) extended its authority to the EPHC in 1988, and subsequently began maintaining the tracks.[6]

Climatology

A total of 126 Category 4 hurricanes have been recorded in the eastern and central Pacific basins since 1900. Only two Category 4 hurricanes have been recorded in May, in addition to 14 in June, 24 in July, 31 in August, 32 in September, 18 in October, and two in November.[7] No Category 4 storms have developed during the off-season.[7] It is theorized that global warming was responsible for an increase of 13 Category 4 and 5 storms that developed in the eastern Pacific, from 36 in the period of 1975–1989 to 49 in the period of 1990–2004. It was estimated that if sea-surface temperatures ascended by 2 to 2.5 degrees, the intensity of tropical cyclones would increase by 6–10% internationally. During years with the existence of an El Niño, sea-surface temperatures increase in the eastern Pacific, resulting in an increase in activity as vertical wind shear decreases in the Pacific; the opposite happens in the Atlantic basin during El Niño, when wind shear increases creating an unfavourable environment for tropical cyclone formation in the Atlantic.[7] Contrary to El Niño, La Niña increases wind shear over the eastern Pacific and reduces it over the Atlantic.[8]

The presence of a semi-permanent high-pressure area known as the North Pacific High in the eastern Pacific is a dominant factor against formation of tropical cyclones in the winter, as the Pacific High results in wind shear that causes environmental conditions for tropical cyclone formation to be unconducive. Its effects in the central Pacific basin are usually related to keeping cyclones away from the Hawaiian Islands. Due to westward trade winds, hurricanes in the Pacific nearly never head eastward, although several storms have defied the odds and headed eastward. A second factor preventing tropical cyclones from forming during the winter is the occupation of a semi-permanent low-pressure area designated the Aleutian Low between January and April. Its presence over western Canada and the northwestern United States contributes to the area's occurrences of precipitation in that duration. In addition, its effects in the central Pacific near 160° W causes tropical waves that form in the area to drift northward into the Gulf of Alaska and dissipate. Its retreat in late-April allows the warmth of the Pacific High to meander in, bringing its powerful clockwise wind circulation with it. The Intertropical Convergence Zone departs southward in mid-May permitting the formation of the earliest tropical waves,[4] coinciding with the start of the eastern Pacific hurricane season on May 15.[9]

Cooler waters near the Baja California peninsula are thought to prevent storms in the eastern Pacific from transitioning into an extratropical cyclone; as of 2009, only three storms listed in the database are known to have successfully completed an extratropical transition.[6]{{dubious|date=May 2016}}

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{{anchor|Category 4 Pacific hurricanes}}Category 4 Pacific hurricanes

{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| width = 220
| image1 = Tico October 16, 1983.jpg
| alt1 = Hurricane Tico near peak intensity on October 16, 1983
| caption1 = Hurricane Tico near peak intensity on October 16, 1983
| image2 = Estelle 20 july 1986 2338.jpg
| alt2 = Hurricane Estelle near peak intensity on July 20, 1986
| caption2 = Hurricane Estelle near peak intensity on July 20, 1986
| image3 = Iniki 1992-09-11 2331.png
| alt3 = Hurricane Iniki south of Hawai'i on September 11, 1992
| caption3 = Hurricane Iniki, the most powerful hurricane to strike Hawai'i in recorded history, south of the island chain on September 11, 1992
| image4 = Pauline 1997-10-08 1800Z.png
| alt4 = Hurricane Pauline, the easternmost Category 4 recorded at peak intensity on October 8, 1997
| caption4 = Hurricane Pauline, the easternmost Category 4 recorded at peak intensity on October 8, 1997
| image5 = Juliette 2001-09-25 1800Z.png
| alt5 = Hurricane Juliette at peak intensity on September 25, 2001
| caption5 = Hurricane Juliette at peak intensity on September 25, 2001
| image6 = Hurricane John Aug 31 2006.jpg
| alt6 = Hurricane John weakening on August 31, 2006
| caption6 = Hurricane John weakening on August 31, 2006
| image7 = Norbert Oct 8 2008.png
| alt7 = Hurricane Norbert as a Category 4 hurricane on October 8, 2008
| caption7 = Hurricane Norbert as a Category 4 hurricane on October 8, 2008
| image8 = Hurricane Jimena 2009-08-31 1755Z.jpg
| alt8 = Hurricane Jimena rapidly intensifying on August 29, 2009
| caption8 = Hurricane Jimena rapidly intensifying on August 29, 2009, while paralleling the Mexican coast
| image9 = Hurricane Hilary Sept 23 2011 2000Z.jpg
| alt9 = Hurricane Hilary off the coast of Mexico on September 23, 2011
| caption9 = Hurricane Hilary off the coast of Mexico on September 23, 2011
| image10 = Amanda May 25 2014 1445Z.png
| alt10 = Hurricane Amanda, the strongest May tropical cyclone in the basin on record
| caption10 = Hurricane Amanda, the strongest May cyclone on record in the East Pacific on May 25, 2014
| image11 = Olaf 2015-10-20 1054Z.jpg
| alt11 = Hurricane Olaf, the southernmost Category 4 hurricane in the basin on record
| caption11 = Hurricane Olaf, the southernmost Category 4 hurricane recorded at peak intensity on October 20, 2015
| header = Category 4 Pacific hurricanes
| header_align = center
}}
Storm
name		SeasonDates as a
Category 4		Time as a
Category 4		Peak one-minute
sustained winds		PressureSource(s)
Unnamed195701|1957}}1021|October 21–22}}012|12 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h) Unknown [10]
Dot{{dagger195901|1959}}0802|August 2–5}}072|72 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|952|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][11]
"Mexico"195902|1959}}1026|October 26–27}}036|36 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|955|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][12]
Denise197101|1971}}0709|July 9}}012|12 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|951|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10]
Celeste197201|1972}}0814|August 14}}012|12 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|940|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10]
Doreen197301|1973}}0720|July 20}}006|6 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|968|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10]
Emily197302|1973}}0723|July 23}}006|6 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|972|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10]
Maggie197401|1974}}0828|August 28–29}}024|24 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|934|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10]
Denise197501|1975}}0709|July 9}}012|12 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h) Unknown [10]
Katrina197502|1975}}0903|September 3}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10]
Annette197601|1976}}0608|June 8–11}}054|54 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|925|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10]
Iva197602|1976}}0828|August 28}}012|12 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10]
Liza197603|1976}}0929|September 29 – October 1}}042|42 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10]
Madeline197604|1976}}1007|October 7–8}}012|12 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|940|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10]
Carlotta{{double dagger197801|1978}}0621|June 21–22}}024|24 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10]
Fico{{double dagger197802|1978}}0711|July 11–16}}072|72 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|955|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10]
Hector197803|1978}}0725|July 25}}018|18 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h) Unknown [10]
Norman197804|1978}}0902|September 2–3}}036|36 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h) Unknown [10]
Susan{{dagger197805|1978}}1021|October 21}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10][13]
Enrique197901|1979}}0822|August 22}}018|18 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h) Unknown [10]
Ignacio197902|1979}}1027|October 27–28}}018|18 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|938|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10]
Kay198001|1980}}0918|September 18}}018|18 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h) Unknown [10]
Olivia198201|1982}}0921|September 21–22}}030|30 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h) Unknown [10]
Barbara198202|1983}}0613|June 13–14}}024|24 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10]
Henriette198302|1983}}0730|July 30–31}}018|18 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10]
Kiko{{double dagger198303|1983}}0902|September 2–4}}066|66 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h) Unknown [10]
Raymond{{dagger {{double dagger198304|1983}}1011|October 11–15}}042|42 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h) Unknown [10][14]
Tico198305|1983}}1019|October 19}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10]
Douglas198401|1984}}0628|June 28–30}}048|48 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h) Unknown [10]
Elida198402|1984}}0701|July 1}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10]
Iselle198403|1984}}0808|August 8–9}}012|12 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10]
Norbert{{double dagger198404|1984}}0921|September 21–24}}036|36 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10]
Ignacio{{dagger198501|1985}}0723|July 23–24}}024|24 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10][15]
Jimena198502|1985}}0724|July 24}}012|12 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10]
Rick**198503|1985}}0908|September 8–10}}042|42 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h) Unknown [10]
Estelle*198601|1986}}0720|July 20–21}}036|36 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10][16]
Javier{{double dagger198602|1986}}0825|August 25}}012|12 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10]
Roslyn198603|1986}}1018|October 18–20}}042|42 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h) Unknown [10]
Max198701|1987}}0912|September 12–14}}042|42 hours}} 155 mph (250 km/h) Unknown [10]
Ramon198702|1987}}1009|October 9–10}}036|36 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h) Unknown [10]
Hector198801|1988}}0802|August 2–4}}036|36 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|935|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][17]
Fabio{{dagger198802|1988}}0803|August 3}}012|12 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|943|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][18][19]
Octave198902|1989}}0913|September 13}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][20]
Raymond198902|1989}}0930|September 30 – October 1}}030|30 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|935|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][21]
Hernan199001|1990}}0722|July 22–25}}060|60 hours}} 155 mph (250 km/h)abbr=on|928|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][22]
Marie{{dagger199002|1990}}0911|September 11}}024|24 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|944|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][23][24]
Odile199003|1990}}0926|September 26–27}}036|36 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|935|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][25]
Trudy{{double dagger199004|1990}}1019|October 19–27}}078|78 hours}} 155 mph (250 km/h)abbr=on|924|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][26]
Jimena{{double dagger199101|1991}}0923|September 23–26}}048|48 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|945|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][27]
Kevin199102|1991}}0929|September 29 – October 2}}072|72 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|935|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][28]
Celia199201|1992}}0627|June 27–28}}042|42 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|935|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][29]
Estelle{{double dagger199202|1992}}0712|July 12–14}}030|30 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|943|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][30]
Frank199203|1992}}0717|July 17–19}}036|36 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|935|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][31]
Orlene199204|1992}}0905|September 5–7}}060|60 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|934|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][32]
Iniki{{dagger199205|1992}}0911|September 11–12}}024|24 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|938|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][33]
Tina199206|1992}}0929|September 29 – October 2}}066|66 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|932|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][34]
Virgil199207|1992}}1003|October 3}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][35]
Dora199301|1993}}0716|July 16–17}}024|24 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|945|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][36]
Fernanda199302|1993}}0811|August 11–13}}042|42 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|934|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][37]
Keoni{{dagger199303|1993}}0816|August 16–17}}024|24 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h) Unknown [10][38]
Greg199304|1993}}0819|August 19–20}}030|30 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][39]
Jova199305|1993}}0901|September 1}}012|12 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][40]
Kenneth199306|1993}}0910|September 10–12}}036|36 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|932|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][41]
Lidia199307|1993}}0911|September 11}}024|24 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|930|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][42]
Lane199401|1994}}0906|September 6–7}}018|18 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][43]
Olivia199402|1994}}0925|September 25–26}}024|24 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|923|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][44]
Adolph199501|1995}}0618|June 18}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][45]
Barbara{{double dagger199502|1995}}0710|July 10–14}}060|60 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|940|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][46]
Juliette199503|1995}}0920|September 20–21}}024|24 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|930|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][47]
Douglas**199601|1996}}0801|August 1–2}}036|36 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|946|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][48]
Felicia199701|1997}}0719|July 19}}018|18 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][49]
Jimena199702|1997}}0827|August 27–28}}036|36 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][50]
Nora199703|1997}}0921|September 21}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|950|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][51]
Pauline{{double dagger199704|1997}}1007|October 7–8}}012|12 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][52]
Blas199801|1998}}0625|June 25}}024|24 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|943|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][53]
Estelle199802|1998}}0802|August 2}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][54]
Howard{{double dagger199803|1998}}0823|August 23–26}}060|60 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}[10][55]
Dora199901|1999}}0810|August 10–13}}072|72 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|943|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][56]
Carlotta200001|2000}}0621|June 21–22}}024|24 hours}} 155 mph (250 km/h)abbr=on|932|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][57]
Adolph200101|2001}}0528|May 28–29}}030|30 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|940|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][58]
Juliette{{double dagger200102|2001}}0924|September 24–26}}042|42 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|923|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][59]
Fausto200201|2002}}0824|August 24–25}}024|24 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|936|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][60]
Ele200202|2002}}0829|August 29}}06|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|945|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Howard200401|2004}}0902|September 2–3}}018|18 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|943|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][61]
Javier200402|2004}}0913|September 13–15}}054|54 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|930|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}[10][62]
Kenneth200501|2005}}0918|September 18–19}}018|18 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|947|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][63]
Daniel200601|2006}}0720|July 20–23}}072|72 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|933|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}[10][64]
John200602|2006}}0830|August 30}}012|12 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|948|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][65]
Flossie200701|2007}}0811|August 11–13}}060|60 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|949|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][66]
Norbert200801|2008}}1008|October 8}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|945|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][67]
Felicia200901|2009}}0805|August 5–7}}036|36 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|935|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][68]
Jimena200902|2009}}0830|August 30 – September 1}}060|60 hours}} 155 mph (250 km/h)abbr=on|931|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][69]
Adrian201101|2011}}0610|June 10}}018|18 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|944|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][70]
Dora201102|2011}}0721|July 21–22}}030|30 hours}} 155 mph (250 km/h)abbr=on|929|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][71]
Eugene201103|2011}}0803|August 3–4}}018|18 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|942|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][72]
Hilary{{double dagger201104|2011}}0923|September 23–27}}060|60 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|942|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][73]
Kenneth201105|2011}}1122|November 22–23}}018|18 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|940|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [10][74]
Emilia201201|2012}}0710|July 10}}012|12 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|945|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [75]
Amanda201401|2014}}0525|May 25–26}}036|36 hours}} 155 mph (250 km/h)abbr=on|932|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Cristina201403|2014}}0612|June 12}}018|18 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|935|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Iselle201409|2014}}0804|August 4–5}}018|18 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|947|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Odile201415|2014}}0913|September 14}}012|12 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|918|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Simon201415|2014}}1004|October 4}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|946|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Andres201501|2015}}0601|June 1}}024|24 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|937|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [76][77][78]
Blanca{{double dagger201502|2015}}0603|June 3–6}}024|24 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|936|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [79]
Dolores201504|2015}}0715|July 15}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|946|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [80]
Hilda{{dagger201508|2015}}0808|August 8}}012|12 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|946|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [81]
Ignacio{{dagger201509|2015}}0829|August 29–30}}024|24 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|942|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [82]
Jimena201510|2015}}0829|August 29 – September 1}}084|84 hours}} 155 mph (250 km/h)abbr=on|932|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Kilo{{double dagger201500|2015}}0830|August 30–31}}036|36 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|940|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Olaf*201515|2015}}1019|October 19–21}}042|42 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|938|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Sandra201518|2015}}1126|November 26}}018|18 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|934|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}} [83]
Blas201602|2016}}0706|July 6}}006|6 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|947|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Georgette201607|2016}}0725|July 25}}012|12 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|952|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Lester{{double dagger201612|2016}}0829|August 29–31}}036|36 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|944|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Madeline{{dagger201613|2016}}0830|August 30}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|950|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Seymour201621|2016}}1025|October 25–26}}024|24 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|940|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Fernanda{{double dagger201706|2017}}0714|July 14–16}}030|30 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|947|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Kenneth201713|2017}}0821|August 21}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|952|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Aletta201802|2018}}0608|June 8}}012|12 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|943|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Bud201803|2018}}0612|June 12}}012|12 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|943|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Hector{{double dagger*201810|2018}}0805|August 5–10}}096|96 hours}} 155 mph (250 km/h)abbr=on|936|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Norman{{double dagger201816|2018}}0830|August 30 – September 3}}054|54 hours}} 150 mph (240 km/h)abbr=on|937|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Olivia201817|2018}}0907|September 7}}006|6 hours}} 130 mph (215 km/h)abbr=on|951|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}[84]
Rosa201820|2018}}0928|September 28}}018|18 hours}} 145 mph (230 km/h)abbr=on|940|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}
Sergio201821|2018}}1004|October 4}}024|24 hours}} 140 mph (220 km/h)abbr=on|943|hPa|inHg|sortable=on}}

Notes:

  • {{dagger}} The storm noted formed or attained Category 4 status in the central Pacific basin but may have formed in the eastern Pacific basin
  • {{double dagger}} The storm noted attained Category 4 status more than once
    • The storm noted was both a Category 4 in the eastern and central Pacific basins
    • The storm noted originated in the Atlantic basin, but later intensified into a Category 4 hurricane in the eastern Pacific basin
  • # Storms that attained Category 4 status at one point but intensified into Category 5 at a later time are not included.
  • As the Pacific hurricane database only goes back to 1949, the 1943 Mazatlán hurricane is not included, although it attained Category 4-equivalent winds at 136 mph (219 km/h). It is unknown if the winds observed were sustained.[10][85]
  • Storms that formed in the eastern or central Pacific but strengthened to reach Category 4 status in the western Pacific basin (west of 180° W) are not included.[86][87]
{{clear}}

Landfalls

{{bar chart|float=right
| title = Landfalls by month[10]
| data_max = 15
| label_type = Month
| data_type = Number of storms
| label1 = June
| data1 = 2
| label2 = August
| data2 = 2
| label3 = September{{#tag:ref|Though Hurricane Juliette of 2001 made a second landfall in October, it did so after it re-generated. The landfall is included in the "September" total but not the "October" total.|group="nb"}}
| data3 = 10
| label4 = October
| data4 = 15
}}

Of the 126 Category 4 hurricanes that have formed in the eastern and central Pacific basins, 28 have made landfall. Of them, four made landfall at Category 4 intensity, three at Category 3, eleven at Categories 2 and 1, eight as tropical storms, and six as tropical depressions. Several of these storms weakened slightly after attaining Category 4 status as they approached land;[10][85] this is usually a result of dry air, shallower water due to shelving, cooler waters, or interaction with land.[88] Only in six years – 1976, 1983, 1992, 1997, 2014 and 2018 – more than one Category 4 hurricane made landfall, and only during one year – 2018 – did four Category 4 hurricanes made landfall.[10]

{{clear}}
NameYearcat4}} |Category 4cat3}} |Category 3cat2}} |Category 2cat1}} |Category 1storm}} |Tropical stormdepression}} |Tropical depressionSource(s)
Unnamed 1957 Sinaloa state  —  —  —  —  — [10][89]
Dot 1959  —  —  — Kaua{{okina}}i  —  — [10]
"Mexico" 1959 Colima state  —  —  —  —  — [10][12]
Liza 1976  — Sonora state  —  —  —  — [10][89]
Madeline 1976 Guerrero state  —  —  —  —  — [10][89]
Ignacio 1979  —  —  —  —  — Michoacán state [10]
Raymond 1983  —  —  —  —  — Maui, O{{okina}}ahu, Kaua{{okina}}i [10][14]
Tico 1983  — Sinaloa state  —  —  —  — [10][89]
Norbert 1984  —  —  —  — Baja California Sur state  — [10]
Roslyn 1986  —  —  — Sinaloa state  —  — [10][89]
Raymond 1989  —  —  —  — Baja California Sur state
Sonora state		  — [10][90]
Orlene 1992  —  —  —  —  — Big Island [10][32]
Iniki 1992 Kaua{{okina}}i  —  —  —  —  — [10][33]
Virgil 1992  —  — Michoacán state  —  —  — [10][35][89]
Lidia 1993  —  — Sinaloa state  —  —  — [10][42][89]
Nora 1997  —  —  — Baja California Sur state
Baja California state		  —  — [10][51]
Pauline 1997  —  — Oaxaca state  —  —  — [10][52][89]
Juliette 2001  —  —  —  — Baja California Sur state Sonora state [10][59]
Javier 2004  —  —  —  —  — Baja California Sur state [10][62]
John 2006  —  — Baja California Sur state  —  —  — [10][65]
Norbert 2008  —  — Baja California Sur state Sonora state  —  — [10][67]
Jimena 2009  —  — Baja California Sur state  —  —  — [10][69]
Iselle 2014  —  —  —  — Big Island  —
Odile 2014  — Baja California Sur state  —  — Sonora state  —
Blanca 2015  —  —  —  — Baja California Sur state  —
Bud 2018  —  —  —  — Baja California Sur state  —
Olivia 2018  —  —  —  — Maui, Lānaʻi  —[91]
Rosa 2018  —  —  —  —  — Baja California state
Sergio 2018  —  —  —  — Baja California Sur state
Sonora state		  —
Note:

If a storm makes landfall in the same Mexican state more than once, it is only listed for the most intense landfall.

See also

{{Portal|Tropical cyclones|Weather}}
  • List of Category 2 Pacific hurricanes
  • List of Category 3 Pacific hurricanes
  • List of Category 5 Pacific hurricanes
  • List of Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes
  • List of Category 4 Atlantic hurricanes
  • List of Category 5 Atlantic hurricanes
  • List of Pacific hurricane seasons
  • List of Pacific hurricanes
{{clear}}

Footnotes

Notes
1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/sshws.pdf|title=The Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale|author1=Schott, Timothy|author2=Landsea, Christopher W.|authorlink2=Christopher Landsea|author3=Hafele, Gene|author4=Lorens, Jeffrey|author5=Taylor, Arthur|author6=Thurm, Harvey|author7=Ward, Bill|author8=Willis, Mark|author9=Zaleski, Walt| displayauthors = 8|date=2010-08-25|publisher=National Hurricane Center|location=United States|accessdate=2011-11-21|format=PDF}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/D4.html|title=TCFAQ D4) What does "maximum sustained wind" mean? How does it relate to gusts in tropical cyclones?|location=United States|author=Landsea, Christopher W.|date=2006-04-21|work=Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|accessdate=2011-11-21}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://products.weather.gov/viewlist.php?page=14|year=2011|title=View Official Products|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|work=United States National Weather Service|accessdate=2011-11-27|location=United States|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015014324/http://products.weather.gov/viewlist.php?page=14|archivedate=2011-10-15|df=}}
4. ^1 Longshore 1998, pp. 249–250
5. ^{{cite web|work=Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/B5.html|title=TCFAQ B5) What happens to the name of a tropical cyclone if it moves from the Atlantic regions to the Northeast Pacific, or vice versa?|author=Landsea, Christopher W.|publisher=Hurricane Research Division|accessdate=2011-11-27|location=United States}}
6. ^1 Blake et al. 2009, p. 6
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/Hurricanes/hurricanes_3.php|title=Hurricanes: The Greatest Storms on Earth: Feature Articles|author1=Graham, Steve|author2=Riebeek, Holli|date=2006-11-01|work=Earth Observatory|publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration|accessdate=2011-11-30|location=United States}}
8. ^Longshore 1998, p. 110
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/G1.html |title=TCFAQ G1) When is hurricane season? |author=Dorst, Neal |date=2010-01-21 |publisher=Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory |work=Hurricane Research Division |accessdate=2011-11-30 |location=United States |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5gYGdo8A6?url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/G1.html |archivedate=2009-05-05 |df= }}
10. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 {{cite web|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/tracks1949to2011_epa.html|title=HURDAT tracks for East Pacific 1949–2011|year=2012|publisher=Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory|work=Hurricane Research Division|accessdate=2012-04-10|location=United States}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/summaries/1959.php#Dot|title=The 1959 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season|date=2007-05-04|publisher=Central Pacific Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
12. ^1 {{cite report|date=2016-02-04|accessdate=2016-02-04|title=Re-analysis of the 1959 Manzanillo Mexico Hurricane|publisher=National Hurricane Center|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/news/20160204_pa_1959HurricaneReanalysis.pdf|format=PDF}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/summaries/1978.php#Susan|title=The 1978 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season|publisher=Central Pacific Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|date=2007-05-04}}
14. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/summaries/1983.php#Raymond|title=The 1983 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season|publisher=Central Pacific Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|date=2007-05-04}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/summaries/1985.php#Ignacio|title=The 1985 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season|date=2007-05-04|publisher=Central Pacific Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/summaries/1986.php#Estelle|title=The 1986 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season|date=2007-05-04|publisher=Central Pacific Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
17. ^{{cite report|title=Preliminary Report, Hurricane Hector, 29 July – 8 August, 1988|publisher=National Hurricane Center|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1988/hector/prenhc/prelim02.gif|author=Lawrence, Miles B.|year=1989|accessdate=2011-12-03|location=United States|format=GIF}}
18. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1988/fabio/prenhc/prelim03.gif|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Fabio, 28 July – 9 August 1988|author=BMM|date=1988-10-29|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-03|location=United States|format=GIF}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/summaries/1988.php#Fabio|title=The 1988 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season|date=2007-05-04|location=United States|publisher=Central Pacific Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04}}
20. ^{{cite report|publisher=National Hurricane Center|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1989/octave/prenhc/prelim04.gif|title=Preliminary best track, Hurricane Octave 8 – 16 September 1989|author=Clark, Gil.|date=1989-11-09|accessdate=2011-12-03|location=United States|format=GIF}}
21. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1989/raymond/prenhc/prelim04.gif|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-03|format=GIF|title=Preliminary best track, Hurricane Raymond, 25 September – 05 October 1989|page=1|author=Mayfield, Max B.|authorlink=Max Mayfield|date=1989-11-18|location=United States}}
22. ^{{cite report|year=1991|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1990/hernan/prenhc/prelim06.gif|title=Preliminary best track, Hurricane Hernan, 19 – 31 July 1990|author=Gerrish, Hal.|format=GIF|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-03|location=United States}}
23. ^{{cite report|author=Gerrish, Hal|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1990/marie/prenhc/prelim07.gif|title=Preliminary best track, Hurricane Marie, 7 – 21 September 1990|author2=Chun, Andy|year=1991|location=United States|format=GIF|accessdate=2011-12-03|publisher=National Hurricane Center}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/summaries/1990.php#Marie|title=The 1990 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season|date=2007-05-04|publisher=Central Pacific Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
25. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1990/odile/prenhc/prelim03.gif|format=GIF|location=United States|title=Preliminary best track, Hurricane Odile, 23 September – 2 October 1990|author=Lawrence, Miles B.|year=1991|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-03}}
26. ^{{cite report|year=1991|author=Avila, Lixion A.|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Trudy, 16 October – 1 November, 1990|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1990/trudy/prenhc|pages=1–2|authorlink=Lixion Avila|location=United States|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-03|format=GIF}}
27. ^{{cite report|format=GIF|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1991/jimena/prenhc/prelim04.gif|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Jimena, 20 September – 2 October 1991|author=Pasch, Richard J.|year=1992|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-03|location=United States}}
28. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1991/kevin/prenhc/prelim04.gif|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Kevin, 25 September – 12 October 1991|page=1|author=Mayfield, Max B.|date=1991-11-16|publisher=National Hurricane Center|location=United States|format=GIF|accessdate=2011-12-03}}
29. ^{{cite report|publisher=National Hurricane Center|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1992/celia/prenhc/prelim04.gif|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Celia, 22 June – 4 July 1992|author=Pasch, Richard J.|date=1992-12-02|accessdate=2011-12-03|format=GIF|location=United States}}
30. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1992/estelle/prenhc/prelim04.gif|accessdate=2011-12-04|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Estelle, 9 – 17 July 1992|author=Rappaport, Edward N.|authorlink=Edward Rappaport|date=1992-08-10|format=GIF|publisher=National Hurricane Center|location=United States}}
31. ^{{cite report|author=Lawrence, Miles B.|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1992/frank/prenhc/prelim03.gif|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Frank, 13 – 23 July 1992|date=1992-09-09|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=GIF}}
32. ^1 {{cite report|date=1992-12-10|format=GIF|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1992/orlene/prenhc/prelim03.gif|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Orlene, 2 – 14 September 1992|author=Pasch, Richard J.|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
33. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/summaries/1992.php#Iniki|title=The 1992 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season|date=2007-05-04|publisher=Central Pacific Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
34. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1992/tina/prenhc/prelim04.gif|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Tina, 17 September – 11 October 1992|author=Rappaport, Edward N.|date=1992-11-06|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=GIF}}
35. ^1 {{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1992/virgil/prenhc/prelim05.gif|author=Pasch, Richard J.|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Virgil, 1 – 5 October 1992|format=GIF|date=1992-12-08|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
36. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1993/dora/prenhc|format=GIF|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Dora, 14 – 21 July, 1993|last=Avila, Lixion A.|date=1994|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
37. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1993/fernanda/prenhc|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Fernanda, 9 – 19 August, 1993|author=Mayfield, Max B.|date=1993-10-19|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=GIF}}
38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/summaries/1993.php#Keoni|title=The 1993 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season|date=2007-05-04|publisher=Central Pacific Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
39. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1993/greg/prenhc|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Greg, 15 – 28 August 1993|location=United States|author=Pasch, Richard J.|date=1993-11-28|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|format=GIF}}
40. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1993/jova/prenhc/prelim03.gif|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Jova, 29 August – 6 September 1993|author=Lawrence, Miles B.|date=1993-10-21|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=GIF}}
41. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1993/kenneth/prenhc/prelim03.gif|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Kenneth, 5 – 18 September 1993|author=Mayfield, Max B.|date=1993-10-19|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=GIF}}
42. ^1 {{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1993/lidia/prenhc/prelim04.gif|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Lidia, 8 – 14 September 1993|author=Pasch, Richard J.|date=1993-11-28|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=GIF}}
43. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1994/lane/prenhc/prelim03.gif|author=Avila, Lixion A.|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Lane, 3 – 10 September, 1994|date=1994-10-19|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=GIF}}
44. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1994/olivia/prenhc/prelim04.gif|title=Preliminary report, Hurricane Olivia, 22 – 29 September 1994|author=Pasch, Richard J.|date=1995-01-13|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=GIF}}
45. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1995adolph.html|title=Preliminary Report — Hurricane Adolph|author=Mayfield, Max B.|date=1995-11-19|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
46. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1995barbara.html|title=Preliminary Report — Hurricane Barbara|author=Avila, Lixion A.|date=1995-10-28|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
47. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1995juliette.html |title=Preliminary Report — Hurricane Juliette |author=Pasch, Richard J. |date=1996-02-01 |publisher=National Hurricane Center |accessdate=2011-12-04 |location=United States |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831174632/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1995juliette.html |archivedate=2009-08-31 |df= }}
48. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1996douglas.html|title=Preliminary Report — Hurricane Douglas|last=Avila, Lixion A.|date=1996-10-24|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
49. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1997felicia.html|location=United States|title=Preliminary Report — Hurricane Felicia|author=Lawrence, Miles B.|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|date=1997-08-23}}
50. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1997jimena.html|title=Preliminary Report — Hurricane Jimena|last=Avila, Lixion A.|date=1997-09-16|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
51. ^1 {{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1997nora.html |title=Preliminary Report — Hurricane Nora |author=Rappaport, Edward N. |date=1997-10-30 |publisher=National Hurricane Center |accessdate=2011-12-04 |location=United States |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050925163209/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1997nora.html |archivedate=2005-09-25 |df= }}
52. ^1 {{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1997pauline.html |title=Preliminary Report — Hurricane Pauline |author=Lawrence, Miles B. |date=1997-11-07 |publisher=National Hurricane Center |accessdate=2011-12-04 |location=United States |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050925163243/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1997pauline.html |archivedate=2005-09-25 |df= }}
53. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1998blas.html|title=Preliminary Report — Hurricane Blas|author=Mayfield, Max B.|date=1988-07-14|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
54. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1998estelle.html|title=Preliminary Report — Hurricane Estelle|author=Guiney, John L.|date=1999-01-21|work=United States Central Pacific Hurricane Center|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
55. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1998howard.html|title=Preliminary Report — Hurricane Howard|author=Mayfield, Max B.|date=1998-11-16|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
56. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1999dora.html |title=Preliminary Report — Hurricane Dora |author=Lawrence, Miles B. |author2=Kimberlain, Todd B. |date=1999-11-23 |publisher=National Hurricane Center |accessdate=2011-12-04 |location=United States |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120408211321/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1999dora.html |archivedate=2012-04-08 |df= }}
57. ^{{cite report|publisher=National Hurricane Center|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2000carlotta.html|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Carlotta|author=Franklin, James L.|date=2000-07-16|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
58. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2001adolph.html|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Adolph|author=Stewart, Stacy R.|date=2001-06-18|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States}}
59. ^1 {{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2001juliette.html |title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Juliette |author1=Lawrence, Miles B. |author2=Mainelli, Michelle M. |date=2001-11-30 |publisher=National Hurricane Center |accessdate=2011-12-04 |location=United States |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006122021/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2001juliette.html |archivedate=2008-10-06 |df= }}
60. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2002fausto.shtml |title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Fausto |author=Franklin, James L. |date=2002-12-06 |publisher=National Hurricane Center |accessdate=2011-12-04 |location=United States |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080922230004/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2002fausto.shtml |archivedate=2008-09-22 |df= }}
61. ^{{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP112004_Howard}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Howard|author=Beven, John L.|date=2004-12-13|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=PDF}}
62. ^1 {{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP132004_Javier}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Javier|author=Avila, Lixion A.|date=2004-11-15|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=PDF}}
63. ^{{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP112005_Kenneth}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Kenneth|author=Pasch, Richard J.|date=2006-04-20|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=PDF}}
64. ^{{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP052006_Daniel}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Daniel|author=Beven, John L.|date=2007-01-04|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=PDF}}
65. ^1 {{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP112006_John}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane John|last=Pasch|first=Richard J.|date=2006-11-16|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=PDF}}
66. ^{{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP092007_Flossie}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Flossie|author=Pasch, Richard J.|author2=Roberts, David P.|date=2008-01-10|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=PDF}}
67. ^1 {{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP152008_Norbert}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Norbert|author=Franklin, James L.|date=2009-01-07|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=PDF}}
68. ^{{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP082009_Felicia}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Felicia|author=Kimberlain, Todd B.|author2=Wroe, Derek.|author3=Knabb, Richard D.|date=2010-01-14|work=United States Central Pacific Hurricane Center|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=PDF}}
69. ^1 {{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP132009_Jimena}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Jimena|author=Beven, John L.|date=2010-01-29|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=PDF}}
70. ^{{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP012011_Adrian}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Adrian|author=Berg, Robbie|date=2011-09-07|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=PDF}}
71. ^{{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP042011_Dora}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Dora|author=Brown, Daniel P.|date=2011-11-03|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=PDF}}
72. ^{{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP052011_Eugene}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Eugene|author=Blake, Eric S.|date=2011-09-06|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-04|location=United States|format=PDF}}
73. ^{{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP092011_Hilary}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Hilary|author1=Beven, John L. II|author2=Landsea, Christopher|date=2012-01-20|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2012-01-20|location=United States|format=PDF}}
74. ^{{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP132011_Kenneth}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Kenneth|author1=Stewart, Stacy R.|date=2012-01-14|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2012-02-06|location=United States|format=PDF}}
75. ^{{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP052012_Emilia}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Emilia|author1=Cangialosi, John P.|date=2012-10-14|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2014-01-01|location=United States|format=PDF}}
76. ^{{cite report|author=Richard J. Pasch|work=National Hurricane Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=May 31, 2015|accessdate=June 4, 2015|title=Hurricane Andres Public Advisory Number 16|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/ep01/ep012015.public.016.shtml|location=Miami, Florida}}
77. ^{{cite report|author=Dave Roberts|work=National Hurricane Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=June 1, 2015|accessdate=June 4, 2015|title=Hurricane Andres Discussion Number 18|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/ep01/ep012015.discus.018.shtml|location=Miami, Florida}}
78. ^{{cite report|author=Dave Roberts|work=National Hurricane Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=June 1, 2015|accessdate=June 4, 2015|title=Hurricane Andres Public Advisory Number 19|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/ep01/ep012015.public.019.shtml|location=Miami, Florida}}
79. ^{{cite report|author=Richard J. Pasch and David P. Roberts|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=November 30, 2015|accessdate=December 4, 2015|title=Hurricane Blanca|series=Tropical Cyclone Report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP022015_Blanca}}|location=Miami, Florida|format=PDF}}
80. ^{{cite report|author=Richard J. Pasch and David P. Roberts|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=October 27, 2015|accessdate=October 30, 2015|title=Hurricane Dolores|series=Tropical Cyclone Report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP052015_Dolores}}|location=Miami, Florida|format=PDF}}
81. ^{{cite report|author=Richard J. Pasch and David P. Roberts|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=October 29, 2015|accessdate=November 1, 2015|title=Hurricane Hilda|series=Tropical Cyclone Report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP102015_Hilda}}|location=Miami, Florida|format=PDF}}
82. ^{{cite report|author=Richard J. Pasch and David P. Roberts|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=January 20, 2016|accessdate=January 23, 2016|title=Hurricane Ignacio|series=Tropical Cyclone Report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP122015_Ignacio}}|location=Miami, Florida|format=PDF}}
83. ^{{cite report|author=Richard J. Pasch and David P. Roberts|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=January 29, 2016|accessdate=February 3, 2016|title=Hurricane Sandra|series=Tropical Cyclone Report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=EP222015_Sandra}}|location=Miami, Florida|format=PDF}}
84. ^{{cite report|author=John P. Cangialosi|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=December 3, 2018|accessdate=December 7, 2018|title=Hurricane Olivia|series=Tropical Cyclone Report|url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP172018_Olivia.pdf|location=Miami, Florida|format=PDF}}
85. ^1 {{cite journal|author=Sumner, Howard C.|author2=Woolard, Edgar W.|author2-link=Edgar W. Woolard|date=November 1943|title=North Atlantic Hurricanes and Tropical Disturbances of 1943|journal=Monthly Weather Review|format=PDF|volume=71|issue=11|pages=179–183|issn=1520-0493|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1943.pdf|doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1943)71<179:NAHATD>2.0.CO;2|publisher=American Meteorological Society|bibcode = 1943MWRv...71..179S }}
86. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/F1.html |title=TCFAQ F1) What regions around the globe have tropical cyclones and who is responsible for forecasting there? |last=Landsea |first=Christopher |work=Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory |publisher=Hurricane Research Division |accessdate=2011-12-14 |location=United States |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113000158/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/F1.html |archivedate=2012-11-13 |df= }}
87. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/tracks1851to2010_atl_reanal.html|title=HURDAT 1851 – 2010|date=August 2011|work=Hurricane Research Division|publisher=HURDAT|accessdate=2011-12-14|location=United States}}
88. ^{{cite web|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL122005_Katrina}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report — Hurricane Katrina|author1=Knabb, Richard D.|author2=Rhome, Jamie R.|author3=Brown, Daniel P.|date=2011-09-14|publisher=National Hurricane Center|page=4|accessdate=2011-12-01|location=United States|format=PDF}}
89. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Blake et al. 2009, pp. 26–27
90. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1989/raymond/prenhc/prelim05.gif|title=Preliminary best track, Hurricane Raymond, 25 September – 05 October 1989 (2)|author=Mayfield, Max|date=1989-11-18|publisher=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=2011-12-03|location=United States|format=GIF}}
91. ^{{cite report|last=Wore|first=Derek|title=Tropical Storm Olivia Discussion Number 49|url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/tcpages/archive/2018/TCDCP5.EP172018.049.201809122056|website=Central Pacific Hurricane Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=September 12, 2018|accessdate=September 13, 2018}}
General
  • {{anchor|Blake2009}}{{cite book|author1=Blake, Eric S.|author2=Gibney, Ethan J.|author3=Brown, Daniel P.|author4=Mainelli, Michelle M.|author5=Franklin, James L.|authorlink5=James Franklin (meteorologist)|author6=Kimberlain, Todd B.|author7=Hammer, Gregory R.|title=Tropical Cyclones of the Eastern North Pacific Basin, 1949–2006|publisher=National Climatic Data Center|location=Asheville, North Carolina|date=June 2009|series=Historical Climatology Series|volume=6-5|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TC_Book_Epac_1949-2006_hires.pdf|format=PDF}}
  • {{anchor|Longshore1998}}{{cite book|author=Longshore, David.|title=Encyclopedia of hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones|publisher=Facts on File, Inc.|date=1998|edition=1st|isbn=0-8160-3398-6}}
Specific
{{Reflist|20em}}{{featured list}}{{DEFAULTSORT:List of Category 4 Pacific hurricanes}}

2 : Category 4 Pacific hurricanes|Lists of tropical cyclones
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