| Deaths | Name or description | Type of disaster | Date | Location | Notes |
|---|
| 140,000}}[1] | 1923 Great Kantō earthquake | Earthquake and Tsunami | format=dmy|1923|Sep|01}} | Kantō Plains, Honshu | Deadliest disaster in Japanese history. The 1927 Japanese government report gave the number of victims as 140,000, this was adjusted downwards to 105,385 deaths in 2006. |
| 21,959}}(Official) | 1896 Sanriku earthquake | Earthquake and Tsunami | format=dmy|1896|June|15}} | Offshore Tōhoku region, Hawaii | Maximum 38 meters of the tsunami in Iwate Prefecture, and 9 meters reached the Hawaiian coastline |
| 19,113}}(Official confirmed) | 1828 North Kyushu Typhoon | Typhoon and Tidal wave | format=dmy|1828|Sep|17}} | Northern Kyushu Island | According to official confirmed report, at the time of passing, estimated to central pressure is 935hPa, with maximum wind speed 55 m/s. Storm surge occurs in such as the Ariake Sea, Hakata Bay, official death toll was 19,113 person and injures are 18,625, mainly damage at Saga, Omura, Yanagawa and Fukuoka. A worst storm hit in Japanese history. |
| 15,853}}[2] | Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami | Earthquake and Tsunami | format=dmy|2011|Mar|11}} | 72 km east of Oshika Peninsula, Tōhoku[3] | Costliest natural disaster in recorded history. |
| 15,000}}+ | Great Unzen disaster | Eruption, Earthquake, and Tsunami | format=dmy|1792|May|21}} | Mount Unzen, Kyūshū | A major eruption at Mt Unzen triggered an earthquake, causing Unzen's east flank to collapse, triggering a tsunami in the Ariake Sea. |
| 13,000}}+ | 1771 Great Yaeyama Tsunami | Earthquake and Tsunami | format=dmy|1771|Apr|24}} | Ishigaki Island and Miyako Island |
| 7,273}} | Mino–Owari earthquake | Earthquake | format=dmy|1891|Oct|28}} | Mino Province and Owari Province |
| 7,000}}+ | Great Ansei earthquake | Earthquake | format=dmy|1855|Nov|11}} | Tokyo | Also known as the great Edo earthquake. |
| 6,434}} | Great Hanshin earthquake | Earthquake | format=dmy|1995|Jan|17}} | Awaji Island, near Kobe | Also known as the Kobe earthquake. |
| 5,098}} | Typhoon Vera | Typhoon and Tidal Wave | format=dmy|1959|Sep|26}} | mainly, Ise Bay, Aichi Prefecture and Mie Prefecture | Also known as the Ise Bay Typhoon. |
| 3,769}} | 1948 Fukui earthquake | Earthquake | format=dmy|1948|Jun|28}} | Fukui Prefecture | The earthquake occurred on a strike-slip fault that was previously unknown until this event. |
| 3,756}} | 1945 Makurazaki typhoon | Typhoon and Tidal Wave | format=dmy|1945|Sep|17}} | mainly, Kyushu Island, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefecture, Ehime Prefecture | Also known as the 1945 Typhoon Ida. |
| 3,036}} | 1934 Muroto typhoon | Typhoon and Tidal Wave | format=dmy|1934|Sep|21}} | Osaka Bay Area, Kyoto |
| 3,000}}+ | 1933 Sanriku earthquake | Earthquake and Tsunami | format=dmy|1933|Mar|02}} | Offshore Tōhoku region, Hawaii | Tsunami waves of 2.9 meters reached the Hawaiian coastline and caused minor damage. |
| 2,925}} | 1927 Kita Tango earthquake | Earthquake | format=dmy|1927|Mar|07}} | Kyoto Prefecture |
| 2,306}} | 1945 Mikawa earthquake | Earthquake | format=dmy|1945|Jan|13}} | Aichi Prefecture | As the earthquake occurred during World War II, information about the disaster was censored, hampering relief efforts and contributing to a high death toll.[4] |
| 2,166}} | 1934 Hakodate fire | City Fire | format=dmy|1934|Mar|21}} | Hakodate, Hokkaido | One of the worst city fires in Japan. |
| 1,992}}(Official Confirmed) | 1884 August typhoons | Typhoon and Tidal Wave | format=dmy|1884|Aug|26}} | Mainly, Inland Sea area (Okayama Prefecture, Ehime Prefecture and Hiroshima Prefecture), | According to Japanese Government official report, resulting death toll of 1,992, mainly 722 death in Okayama, 345 in Ehime and 131 in Hiroshima. |
| 1,930}} | 1947 Typhoon Kathleen | Typhoon and Floods | format=dmy|1947|Sep|16}} | Around Tone River area (Gunma Prefecture, Saitama Prefecture and Tochigi Prefecture), Tokyo, Ichinoseki |
| 1,761}} | 1954 Typhoon Marie | Typhoon and City Fire | format=dmy|1954|Sep|26}} | Hakodate, and Iwanai, Hokkaido | Also known as the 1954 Tōyamaru Typhoon, include Tōya Maru, Seikan Maru 11, Hidaka Maru, Tokachi Maru and Kitami Maru, all of Aomori and Hakodate route Japan National Railway Ferry are capsized with Great Fire in Iwanai. |
| 1,496}}(Official confirmed) | 1889 August Typhoon | Typhoon, Landslide, Floods | format=dmy|1889|Aug|21}} | Kii Peninsula, Nara Prefecture, Wakayama Prefecture | Many rivers flooded in Wakayama Prefecture, which caused many houses to collapse and be lost in many places in Kii Peninsula, with flooding in Kinokawa, Wakayama, In Totsukawa basin, it was continued by a record heavy rain in 19 to 21 August 1889, and large-scale landslides in 1107 places occurred, many river channels were blocked by sediment, causing 53 natural dams. According to Japanese Government confirmed report, 1,496 persons fatalities in disaster area, include 1,221 in Wakayama, 168 in Totsukawa. |
| 1,269}} | 1958 Typhoon Ida | Typhoon and Landslide | format=dmy|1958|Sep|27}} | Izu Peninsula, Shizuoka Prefecture | Also known as the 1958 Kano River Typhoon. |
| 1,151}}(Official) | 1783 eruption of Mount Asama | Eruption | format=dmy|1783|Aug|5}} | Nagano Prefecture, Gunma Prefecture | Worst death toll of volcano in Japan |
| 1,086}} | 1943 Tottori earthquake | Earthquake | format=dmy|1943|Sep|10}} | Tottori prefecture | Although the earthquake occurred during World War II, information about the disaster was surprisingly uncensored. |
| 1,015}}(Official) | 1953 Wakayama Flood | Heavy Rain, Landslide and Flood | format=dmy|1953|Jul|18}} | Kii Peninsula, Wakayama Prefecture | Outburst and flooding of the dikes occurred in many rivers |
| 1,001}}(Official) | 1953 North Kyushu Flood | Heavy Rain, Landslide and Flood | format=dmy|1953|Jun|20}} | Kyushu Island, mainly, Kumamoto and Kitakyushu | Outburst and flooding of the dikes occurred in many rivers |
| 992}}(Official) | 1957 Isahaya flood | Heavy Rain, Landslide and Flood | format=dmy|1957|Jul|26}} | Nagasaki Prefecture, Kumamoto Prefecture |
| 943}}(Official) | 1951 Typhoon Ruth | Heavy Rain, Tidal wave, Landslide and Flood | format=dmy|1951|Oct|16}} | Kyushu Island, Yamaguchi Prefecture |
| 941}}(Official) | 1868 Iruka Lake collapse | Heavy Rain, Embankment collapse | format=dmy|1868|May|12}} | Inuyama, Aichi Prefecture | Embankment of Lake Iruka reblogged collapsed under the influence of heavy rain. This natural disaster was a catastrophe causing 941 deaths and 807 houses washed out. |
| 715}}(Official) | 1938 Great Hanshin flood | Heavy Rain, Landslide and Flood | format=dmy|1938|Jul|5}} | Around Mount Rokkō area, Hyōgo Prefecture |
| 687}}(Official) | 1914 Hojo coal mine explosion | Mining explosion | format=dmy|1914|Dec|14}} | Fukuchi, Fukuoka Prefecture | Worst coal mine and industrial disaster in Japan |
| 621}}(Official) | Kawachi | Ship wreck, Explosion | format=dmy|1918|Jul|12}} | Tokuyama Bay, Shunan, Yamaguchi Prefecture | The battle Shipo capsized by the explosion of a powder keg. |
| 567}}(Official) | 1899 Beshi mine landslide | Landslide, Heavy rain | format=dmy|1889|Aug|28}} | Niihama, Ehime Prefecture |
| 520}} | Japan Airlines Flight 123 | Air incident | format=dmy|1985|Aug|12}} | Mount Takamagahara | Of the 524 people on board, only 4 survived. It is the deadliest single-aircraft accident in history. |
| 477}}(Official) | 1888 eruption of Mount Bandai | Eruption | format=dmy|1888|Jul|15}} | Fukushima Prefecture |
| 464}}(Official) | Tarumizu Maru 6 | Ship wreck | format=dmy|1944|Feb|6}} | Kagoshima Bay, Tarumizu, Kagoshima Prefecture | This ship was over-capacity, and were plunge by destroy the balance trying to change direction. |
| 458}} | Miike coal mine explosion | Mine explosion | format=dmy|1963|Nov|09}} | Miike Coal Mine, Fukuoka Prefecture |
| 447}}(Official) | 1972 Western Japan heavy rain | Heavy rain, Landslide, Floods. | format=dmy|1972|Jul|13}} | mainly, Amakusa, Kōchi Prefecture and Aichi Prefecture | Landslide in Amakusa, Kyushu Island, Tosayamada, Shikoku Island and many sites |
| 440}}(Official) | 1807 Eidai bridge collapse by stampede | Stampede | format=dmy|1807|Sep|20}} | Edo, (Present day of Tokyo) | In Fukagawa-Tomioka Hachiman shrine, the bridge, dating from 1795, collapsed under the weight of festival-goers, one of the worst panic accidents in Japan. According to unofficial source report, many more persons went missing. |
| 426}} | 1858 Hietsu earthquake | Earthquake | format=dmy|1858|Apr|09}} | Gifu Prefecture |
| 375}}(Official) | 1936 Osarizawa mine failure | Heavy rain, Dam failure | format=dmy|1936|Nov|20}} | Kazuno, Akita Prefecture | The incident occurred due to flooding caused by heavy rainfall. Mudflow downriver buried numerous towns. Tenement housing of many of the miners were caught in the mudflow, along with a theater, representative office, and farmers. |
| 322}}(Official) | 1982 Nagasaki flood | Heavy rain, Landslide | format=dmy|1982|Jul|20}} | Nagasaki Prefecture, Kumamoto Prefecture | In everywhere in Nagasaki area, and occurred following rainfall observed at 100 to 187 mm a per hour, as well as landslides throughout the area. According to the Japanese government report, 299 person died in Nagasaki Prefecture, along with 23 in Kumamoto Prefecture |
| 304}}(Official) | Sekirei Maru | Ship wreck | format=dmy|1945|Dec|20}} | Akashi Strait, Hyōgo Prefecture | An Awaji Island to Akashi route boat sank due to being overturned by heavy winds. Although fishing boats in operation in the vicinity has been rescued 45 people, in order to captain refused to rescue, resulting to 304 people passenger and crew are lives. |
| 264}} | China Airlines Flight 140 | Air incident | format=dmy|1994|Apr|26}} | Nagoya, Japan | Of the 271 people on board, 7 survived. |
| 230}} | 1993 Hokkaidō earthquake | Earthquake and Tsunami | format=dmy|1993|Jul|11}} | 58 km west of Hokkaidō, Sea of Japan |
| 208}}(Official) | 1943 Hoteiza Teatre fire | Fire | format=dmy|1943|Mar|06}} | Kucchan, Shiribeshi Subprefecture, Hokkaidō | Fire of consolation film screenings in which it was held at the memorial ceremony. |
| 199}} | Hakkōda Mountains incident | Mountaineering incident | format=dmy|1902|Jan|23}} | Hakkōda Mountains | The 199 deaths during a single ascent make it the world's largest mountaineering disaster in the modern history of mountain climbing. |
| 191}}(Official) | 1940 Ajikawaguchi derailment | Train wreck | format=dmy|1940|Jan|29}} | Ajikawaguchi Station, Osaka | A three car of commuter train derailment, followed by a fire. |
| 184}} | Hachikō Line derailment | Train wreck | format=dmy|1947|Feb|25}} | Saitama Prefecture | Cause was excessive speed. |
| 162}} | Tsurumi rail accident | Train wreck | format=dmy|1963|Nov|09}} | Tōkaidō Main Line | Cause was track problems. |
| 160}} | Mikawashima train crash | Train wreck | format=dmy|1962|May|03}} | Mikawashima Station | Cause was signal passed while displaying danger. Involved one freight train and two passenger trains. |
| 155}} | 1918 Mitsumata avalanche | Avalanche | format=dmy|1918|Jan|09}} | Mitsumata (now Yuzawa), Niigata Prefecture | The worst avalanche accident in Japan |
| 154}}(Official confirmed) | 1918 Otori mine avalanche | Avalanche | format=dmy|1918|Jan|20}} | Asahi (now Tsuruoka), Yamagata Prefecture | A heavy snow storm, following massive avalanche with 11 buildings collapsed, including the school, worker dormitory, and is the second largest avalanche accident in Japanese history. |
| 147}}(Official) | 1945 Futamata tunnel explosion | Explosion | format=dmy|1945|Nov|12}} | Soeda, Fukuoka Prefecture | When US Army incineration processing large explosion gunpowder hidden by Japanese Imperial Army, following to blown off the whole and a large number of private house mountain area. |
| 144}}(Official) | 1926 eruption of Mount Tokachi | Eruption | format=dmy|1926|May|24}} | Central Ishikari Mountains, Hokkaido |
| 141}} | Typhoon Ewiniar | Typhoon | format=dmy|2006|Jun|29}} | Ryūkyū Islands |
| 133}} | All Nippon Airways Flight 60 | Air incident | format=dmy|1966|Feb|04}} | Tokyo Bay | No survivors. |
| 129}} | Tachikawa air disaster | Air incident | format=dmy|1953|Jun|18}} | Tachikawa | No survivors. |
| 126}}(Official) | 1956 Yahiko shrine stampede | Stampede | format=dmy|1956|Jan|01}} | Yahiko, Niigata Prefecture | Second worst stampede disaster in Japan. |
| 124}} | BOAC Flight 911 | Air incident | format=dmy|1966|Mar|05}} | Mount Fuji | No survivors. |
| 118}}(Official) | Sennichi Department Store Building fire | Fire | format=dmy|1972|May|13}} | Chūō-ku, Osaka | An electrical worker caused the incident by mismanagement of a cigarette or a match. |
| 107}} | Amagasaki rail crash | Train wreck | format=dmy|2005|April|25}} | Amagasaki, Hyōgo | Cause was excessive speed on curve arising from harsh penalties for being late. |
| 106}} | Sakuragichō train fire | Train wreck | format=dmy|1951|April|24}} | Sakuragichō Station | Cause was a lack of electrical maintenance, sparking a fire. |
| 105}} | Typhoon Haikui | Typhoon | format=dmy|2012|Aug|01}} | Ryūkyū Islands |
| 104}}(Official) | 1968 Hida river bus plunge | Road accident | format=dmy|1968|Aug|18}} | Japan National Route 41, Gero, Gifu Prefecture | When two charter buses returning to Nagoya, following to heavy rain and landslide, which plunge into Hida River, with worst road accident in Japan and Northeast Asia. |
| 104}}(Official) | 1973 Taiyo Department Store fire | Fire | format=dmy|1973|Nov|29}} | Kumamoto, Kyushu Island |
| 94}}(Official) | 1939 Hirakata Explosion | Explosion | format=dmy|1939|Mar|01}} | Hirakata, Osaka Prefecture | The fire to Japanese Imperial Army's No. 15 in ammunition dismantling in the warehouse of Kinno gunpower, and caused a large explosion to ignite in heaven drugs bullets. Explosion sound echoed in Keihan (between Osaka and Kyoto) whole area, causing a total of 29 times of the explosion in only one day, fire caused by the explosion lasted until March 3. |
| 84}}(Official) | 1924 Otaru Explosion | Explosion | format=dmy|1924|Dec|27}} | Otaru, Hokkaido | Dock in laden with about 1,000 boxes of explosives cargo ship arrive at December 26, 1924, at the in wagons loading work by unloading from barge, about 600 boxes has caused a large explosion in Otaru Port. |
| 79}}(Official) | 1970 Osaka Gas Explosion | Explosion | format=dmy|1970|Apr|08}} | Kita-ku, Osaka | Gas explosion occurred in construction site of Osaka Municipal Subway. |
| 74}} | 2014 Hiroshima landslides | Landslide | format=dmy|2014|Aug|20}} | Hiroshima Prefecture |
| 68}} | Toa Domestic Airlines Flight 63 | Air incident | format=dmy|1971|Jul|03}} | Yokotsudake | No survivors. |
| 59}} | Typhoon Bolaven | Typhoon | format=dmy|2012|Aug|19}} | Ryūkyū Islands |
| 56}}[5] | 2014 Mount Ontake eruption | Eruption | format=dmy|2014|Sep|27}} | Mount Ontake, Honshu | Volcano thought to be dormant. |
| 54}} | Typhoon Chataan | Typhoon | format=dmy|2002|Jun|27}} | Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, east coast of Japan | Of the 54 deaths, 6 were in Japan. |
| 50}} | All Nippon Airways Flight 533 | Air incident | format=dmy|1966|Nov|13}} | Seto Inland Sea | No survivors. |
| 41}}[6] | 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake | Earthquake | 6 Sep 2018 | Hokkaido, primarily in Atsuma town |
| 40}} | 2004 Chūetsu earthquake | Earthquake | format=dmy|2004|Oct|23}} | Niigata Prefecture |
| 30}} | Tsuyama massacre | Spree killing | format=dmy|1938|May|21}} | Rural village of Kaio in Okayama Prefecture |
|
1. ^http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-great-japan-earthquake-of-1923-1764539/?no-ist
2. ^https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-17219008
3. ^http://www.livescience.com/39110-japan-2011-earthquake-tsunami-facts.html
4. ^{{harvnb|Taniguchi|Miura|Mochizuki|Inada|1988|p=378}}
5. ^http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-10-04/three-more-bodies-found-after-japan-volcano-eruption/5790844
6. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/09/09/asia/japan-earthquake-death-toll/index.html|title=Japan earthquake: Death toll rises after devastating tremor|last=CNN|first=Theresa Waldrop, Yoko Wakatsuki and Chie Kobayashi,|work=CNN|access-date=2018-09-15}}