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词条 List of even-toed ungulates by population
释义

  1. See also

  2. References

{{Mammals by population sidebar}}

This is a list of even-toed ungulate species by estimated global population. This list is not comprehensive, as not all ungulates have had their numbers quantified.

{{Clear}}
Common nameBinomial namePopulationStatusTrendNotesImage
Saola Pseudoryx nghetinhensis < 750[1]CR[1]{{decrease}}[1] No individuals in captivity. Wild population highly dispersed, and subpopulations fragmented with numbers of mature individuals below the minimum viable population. Foremost threatened by hunting.[1]
Pygmy hog Porcula salvania 250[2]CR[2]{{decrease}}[2] Maximum estimate for mature individuals.[2]
Bawean deer Axis kuhlii 250 – 300[3]CR[3]{{steady}}[3] Estimates are for the wild population only; may reach as high as 500.[3]
Addax Addax nasomaculatus < 100[4]CR[4]{{decrease}}[4] Maximum estimate for the wild.[4]
Tamaraw Bubalus mindorensis 300[5]CR[5]{{decrease}}[5]
Togian babirusa Babyrousa togeanensis 500[6]EN[6]{{decrease}}[6] Maximum estimate.[6]
Walia ibex Capra walie 500[7]EN[7]{{increase}}[7]
Dama gazelle Nanger dama 500[8]CR[8]{{decrease}}[8] Maximum estimate.[8]
Hirola Beatragus hunteri 500 – 2000[9]CR[9]{{decrease}}[9] May be much lower.[9]
Anhui musk deer Moschus anhuiensis 700 – 800[10]EN[10]{{decrease}}[10] Most recent estimate was in 1998.[10]
Przewalski's gazelle Procapra przewalskii 700 – 800[11]EN[11]{{increase}}[11] Could be underestimated.[11]
Persian fallow deer Dama mesopotamica 715[12]EN[12]{{increase}}[12] Previously thought to be extinct.[12]
Wild Bactrian camel Camelus ferus 950[13]CR[13]{{decrease}}[13] Wild population only.[13]
South Andean deer Hippocamelus bisulcus 1048 – 1500[14]EN[14]{{decrease}}[14]
Calamian deer Axis calamianensis 1123[15]EN[15]{{decrease}}[15] 1994 estimate; has almost certainly decreased.[15]
Abbott's duiker Cephalophus spadix 1500[16]EN[16]{{decrease}}[16] Maximum estimate.[16]
Cuvier's gazelle Gazella cuvieri 1750 – 2950[17]EN[17]unknown[17]
Nilgiri tahr Nilgiritragus hylocrius 1800 – 2000[18]EN[18]{{decrease}}[18]
Pygmy hippopotamus Choeropsis liberiensis 2000 – 3000[19]EN[19]{{decrease}}[19] Estimate is from 1993; numbers have probably shrunk.[19]
Mountain anoa Bubalus quarlesi 2500[20]EN[20]{{decrease}}[20] Maximum estimate.[20]
Rhim gazelle Gazella leptoceros 2500[21]EN[21]{{decrease}}[21] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[21]
Visayan spotted deer Rusa alfredi 2500[22]EN[22]{{decrease}}[22] Maximum estimate.[22]
Mountain Nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni 2500 – 4000[23]EN[23]{{decrease}}[23] 2500 is a maximum estimate from 1999, but recent work has shown numbers may be as high as 4000.[23]
European bison Bison bonasus 3200[24]VU[24]{{increase}}[24] Includes 1400 semi-domestic animals and 1800 wild. Semi-domestic numbers are likely underestimated.[24]
Chacoan peccary Catagonus wagneri 3200[25]EN[25]{{decrease}}[25] Estimate was made in 2002; wide-scale deforestation of their habitat began in 2003.[25]
Wild water buffalo Bubalus arnee 3400[26]EN{{decrease}}
Jentink's duiker Cephalophus jentinki 3500[27]EN[27]{{decrease}}[27] Maximum estimate; may be less than 2000.[27]
Barasingha Rucervus duvaucelii 3500 – 5100[28]VU[28]{{decrease}}[28]
Nile lechwe Kobus megaceros 4291[29]EN[29]{{decrease}}[29]
Small red brocket Mazama bororo 4500[30]VU[30]{{decrease}}[30] Maximum estimate.[30]
Arabian tahr Arabitragus jayakari 5000[31]EN[31]{{decrease}}[31] Maximum estimate.[31]
West Caucasian tur Capra caucasica 5000 – 6000[32]EN[32]{{decrease}}[32]
Barbary sheep Ammotragus lervia 5000 – 10 000[33]LC[33]{{steady}}[33]
Beira Dorcatragus megalotis 7000[34]VU[34]{{decrease}}[34]
Arabian Oryx Oryx leucoryx 7000 – 8000[35]VU[35]{{steady}}[35] 6000 – 7000 in captivity and ~1000 in the wild.[35]
Hairy-fronted muntjac Muntiacus crinifrons 7000 – 8500[36]VU[36]{{decrease}}[36] Most recent estimate was in 1998.[36]
Banteng Bos javanicus 8000[37]EN[37]{{decrease}}[37] Maximum estimate; may be fewer than 5000. Numbers do not include the non-purebred domestic variety.[37]
Markhor Capra falconeri 9700[38]NT[38]{{increase}}[38] Estimate includes approximately 900 animals assumed to live in areas for which data is unavailable.[38]
Nubian ibex Capra nubiana 10 000[39]VU[39]{{decrease}}[39] Maximum estimate.[39]
Southern pudú Pudu puda 10 000[40]NT[40]{{decrease}}[40] Maximum estimate.[40]
Red goral Naemorhedus baileyi 10 000[41]VU[41]{{decrease}}[41] Maximum estimate for mature individuals.[41]
Four-horned antelope Tetracerus quadricornis 10 000[42]LC[42]{{decrease}}[42]
Javan rusa Rusa timorensis 10 000[43]VU[43]{{decrease}}[43] Maximum estimate for mature individuals.[22]
Taruca Hippocamelus antisensis 12 000 – 17 000[44]VU[44]{{decrease}}[44]
Gaur Bos gaurus 13 000 – 30 000[45]VU[45]{{decrease}}[45]
Soemmerring's gazelle Nanger soemmerringii 14 000[46]VU[46]{{decrease}}[46]
Mountain gazelle Gazella gazella 15 000[47]VU[47]{{decrease}}[47] Maximum estimate.[47]
Wild yak Bos mutus 15 000[48]VU[48]{{decrease}}[48] Estimate is from 1995.[48]
Giant eland Tragelaphus derbianus 15 000 – 20 000[49]LC[49]{{decrease}}[49]
Black wildebeest Connochaetes gnou 18 000[50]LC[50]{{increase}}[50] Minimum estimate (11 000 wild and 7000 semi-domesticated).[50]
Grey rhebok Pelea capreolus 18 000[51]LC[51]{{steady}}[51]
Harvey's duiker Cephalophus harveyi 20 000[52]LC[52]{{decrease}}[52] Numbers may be overestimated.[52]
Pampas deer Ozotoceros bezoarticus 20 000 – 80 000[53]NT[53]{{decrease}}[53]
Red-fronted gazelle Eudorcas rufifrons 25 000[54]VU[54]{{decrease}}[54]
Zebra duiker Cephalophus zebra 28 000[55]VU[55]{{decrease}}[55] Could be overestimated; may be less than 15 000.[55]
Bongo Tragelaphus eurycerus 28 000[56]NT[56]{{decrease}}[56] Two subspecies: Mountain (75 – 140) and Lowland (28 000).[56]
Alpine ibex Capra ibex 30 000[57]LC[57]{{increase}}[57] Was as low as 100 individuals in the 1800s.[57]
Silver Dik-dik Madoqua piacentinii 30 000[58]DD[58]{{decrease}}[58] Possibly overestimated.[58]
Nyala Tragelaphus angasii 32 000[59]LC[59]{{steady}}[59]
Ogilby's duiker Cephalophus ogilbyi 35 000[60]LC[60]{{decrease}}[60]
Okapi Okapia johnstoni 35 000 – 50 000[61]EN[61]{{decrease}}[61]
Mountain reedbuck Redunca fulvorufula 36 000[62]LC[62]{{steady}}[62] Minimum estimate, divided into three subspecies: Southern (33 000), Chanler's (2900), and Western (450).[62]
Red forest duiker Cephalophus natalensis 42 000[63]LC[63]{{decrease}}[63] Numbers may be underestimated.[63]
Klipspringer Oreotragus oreotragus 42 000[64]LC[64]{{steady}}[64] Estimate is considered conservative.[64]
Blackbuck Antilope cervicapra 50 000[65]NT[65]{{steady}}[65] Numbers have increased from 20 – 24 000 in the 1970s.[65]
Spanish ibex Capra pyrenaica 50 000[66]LC[66]{{increase}}[66] Numbered only ~7900 in the early 1990s.[66]
Saiga Antelope Saiga tatarica 50 000[67]CR[67]{{decrease}}[67] Numbers stood at 1 250 000 in the mid-1970s.[67]
Royal antelope Neotragus pygmaeus 62 000[68]LC[68]{{decrease}}[68] Possibly underestimated.[68]
East African oryx Oryx beisa 67 000[69]NT[69]{{decrease}}[69] Divided into two subspecies: Beisa (50 000) and Fringe-eared (17 000).[69]
Southern reedbuck Redunca arundinum 73 000[70]LC[70]{{steady}}[70]
Sable antelope Hippotragus niger 75 000[71]LC[71]{{steady}}[71]
Roan antelope Hippotragus equinus 76 000[72]LC[72]{{decrease}}[72]
Mountain goat Oreamnos americanus 80 000 – 119 000[73]LC[73]{{steady}}[73]
Gerenuk Litocranius walleri 95 000[74]NT[74]{{decrease}}[74]
Sharpe's Grysbok Raphicerus sharpei 95 000[75]LC[75]{{steady}}[75] Difficult to study due to the animal's nocturnal nature; numbers may be underestimated.[75]
Japanese serow Capricornis crispus 100 000[76]LC[76]{{increase}}[76]
Black duiker Cephalophus niger 100 000[77]LC[77]{{decrease}}[77]
Bohor reedbuck Redunca redunca 101 000[78]LC[78]{{decrease}}[78] Probably underestimated.[78]
Dall sheep Ovis dalli 111 500 – 116 500[79]LC[79]{{steady}}[79] Consists of approximately 41,500 sheep in Canada and between 70,000 and 75,000 animals in the United States.[79]
Hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius 115 000 – 130 000[80]VU[80]{{steady}}[80] Population was estimated to be between 125,000 and 148,000 in a 2008 assessment.[80]
Lesser kudu Tragelaphus imberbis 118 000[81]NT[81]{{decrease}}[81] Minimum estimate.[81]
Goitered gazelle Gazella subgutturosa 120 000 – 140 000[82]VU[82]{{decrease}}[82]
Puku Kobus vardonii 130 000[83]NT[83]{{decrease}}[83]
Muskox Ovibos moschatus 133 914 – 136 914[84]LC[84]{{steady}}[84] Estimate includes 75,400 animals in the Northwest Territories, 45,300 in Nunavut, 3,714 in Alaska, and between 9,500 and 12,500 in Greenland.[84]
Common eland Tragelaphus oryx 136 000[85]LC[85]{{steady}}[85]
Yellow-backed duiker Cephalophus silvicultor 160 000[86]LC[86]{{decrease}}[86]
Red-flanked duiker Cephalophus rufilatus 170 000[87]LC[87]{{decrease}}[87]
Sitatunga Tragelaphus spekii 170 000[88]LC[88]{{decrease}}[88] Yet-to-be-published research suggests the population has been overestimated.[88]
Weyns's duiker Cephalophus weynsi 188 000[89]LC[89]{{decrease}}[89]
Waterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus 200 000[90]LC[90]{{decrease}}[90] About 95 000 of the Defassa subspecies and 105 000 of the Common.[90]
Lechwe Kobus leche 212 000[91]LC[91]{{steady}}[91] Combined numbers of three subspecies: Red (98 000), Kafue (78 000), and Black (36 000).[91]
Bates's pygmy antelope Neotragus batesi 219 000[92]LC[92]{{steady}}[92]
Water chevrotain Hyemoschus aquaticus 278 000[93]LC[93]{{decrease}}[93]
White-bellied duiker Cephalophus leucogaster 287 000[94]LC[94]{{decrease}}[94]
Black-fronted duiker Cephalophus nigrifrons 300 000[95]LC[95]{{decrease}}[95]
Vicuña Vicugna vicugna 347 273[96]LC[96]{{increase}}[96]
Grant's gazelle Nanger granti 350 000[97]LC[97]{{decrease}}[97]
Hartebeest Alcelaphus buselaphus 362 000[98]LC[98]{{decrease}}[98]
Suni Nesotragus moschatus 365 000[99]LC[99]{{steady}}[99]
Gemsbok Oryx gazella 373 000[100]LC[100]{{steady}}[100]
Peters's duiker Cephalophus callipygus 382 000[101]LC[101]{{decrease}}[101]
Mongolian gazelle Procapra gutturosa 400 000[102]LC[102]Unknown[102] Estimate has dropped from 2 700 000 since 1998.[102]
Greater kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros 482 000[103]LC[103]{{steady}}[103]
Salt's dik-dik Madoqua saltiana 485 600[104]LC[104]{{steady}}[104]
Günther's dik-dik Madoqua guentheri 511 000[105]LC[105]{{steady}}[105]
American bison Bison bison 530 000[106]NT[106]{{steady}}[106] Includes 500 000 semi-domestic animals and 30 000 wild (19 000 plains bison and 11 000 wood bison).[106]
Guanaco Lama guanicoe 535 750 – 589 750[107]LC[107]{{steady}}[107]
Thomson's gazelle Eudorcas thomsonii 550 000[108]NT[108]{{decrease}}[108]
Steenbok Raphicerus campestris 600 000[109]LC[40]{{steady}}[109] Considered an underestimate.[109]
Pronghorn Antilocapra americana 700 000[110]LC[110]{{steady}}[110] Numbered over 35 million in the early 1800s and as little as 20 000 in the early 1920s.[110]
Bay duiker Cephalophus dorsalis 725 000[111]LC[111]{{decrease}}[111]
Oribi Ourebia ourebi 750 000[112]LC[112]{{decrease}}[112]
African buffalo Syncerus caffer 890 000[113]LC[113]{{decrease}}[113] Considered conservative. Divided into four subspecies: West African Savanna (27 000), Central African Savanna (133 000), Southern Savanna (670 000), & Forest (60 000).[113]
Kirk's dik-dik Madoqua kirkii 971 000[114]LC[114]{{steady}}[114]
Siberian roe deer Capreolus pygargus 1 000 000[115]NT[115]{{decrease}}[115] About 500 000 were hunted annually in Russia in the 1800s.[115]
Bushbuck Tragelaphus scriptus 1 340 000[116]LC[116]{{steady}}[116] Estimate is considered conservative.[116]
Moose Alces alces 1 500 000[117]LC[117]{{increase}}[117]
Blue wildebeest Connochaetes taurinus 1 550 000[118]LC[118]{{steady}}[118]
Common duiker Sylvicapra grimmia 1 660 000[119]LC[119]{{steady}}[119] Considered extremely conservative; yet-to-be-published research shows it may number as high as 10 000 000.[119]
Impala Aepyceros melampus 2 000 000[120]LC[120]{{steady}}[120]
Springbok Antidorcas marsupialis 2 000 000 – 2 500 000[121]LC[121]{{increase}}[121]
Maxwell's duiker Philantomba maxwellii 2 137 000[122]LC[122]{{decrease}}[122] Quite possibly underestimated.[122]
Blue duiker Philantomba monticola 7 000 000[123]LC[123]{{steady}}[123] Estimate is considered conservative.[123]
White-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus 11 500 000[124]LC[124]{{steady}}[124] Estimated population in the United States and Canada only, with estimate of 11,000,000 in the US considered a minimum.[124]
Water buffalo Bubalus bubalis 172 000 000
incl. 3.2 Million Carabao in the Philippines[125]		LCDomesticated
Domestic goat Capra aegagrus hircus 850 000 000[126]Domesticated
Cattle Bos primigenius taurus 1 000 000 000[127]Domesticated
Domestic pig Sus scrofa domesticus 1 000 000 000[128]Domesticated
Domestic sheep Ovis aries 1 000 000 000[128]Domesticated

See also

{{Portal|Biology|Mammals}}
  • Lists of mammals by population
  • Lists of organisms by population
{{clear}}

References

1. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal | author = Timmins, R. J., Hedges, S. & Robichaud, W. G. | title = Pseudoryx nghetinhensis | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2016 | page = e.T18597A46364962 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2016 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/18597/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T18597A46364962.en | access-date = 15 January 2018}}
2. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal | author = Narayan, G., Deka, P. & Oliver, W. | title = Porcula salvania | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2008 | page = e.T21172A9254675 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2008 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/21172/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T21172A9254675.en | access-date = 15 January 2018}}
3. ^1 2 3 {{IUCN |assessors=Semiadi, G., Pudyatmoko, S., Duckworth, J. W. & Timmins, R. J. |year=2008 |id=2447 |taxon=Axis kuhlii |version=2014.2}}
4. ^1 2 3 {{IUCN |assessors=IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group |id=512 |title=Addax nasomaculatus |year=2016 |version=2017-3}}
5. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/3127/0 | title = Bubalus mindorensis | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Hedges, S. & Duckworth, J.W. (IUCN SSC Asian Wild Cattle Specialist Group); de Leon, J., Custodio, C. & Gonzales, J.C. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
6. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/136472/0 | title = Babyrousa togeanensis | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Macdonald, A.A., Burton, J. & Leus, K. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
7. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/3797/0 | title = Capra walie | accessdate = 2012-11-11 |author1=Geberemedhin, B. |author2=Grubb, P. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
8. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8968/0 | title = Nanger dama | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Newby, J., Wacher, T., Lamarque, F., Cuzin, F. & de Smet, K. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
9. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6234/0 | title = Beatragus hunteri | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
10. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/136643/0 | title = Moschus anhuiensis | accessdate = 2012-11-11 |author1=Wang, Y. |author2=Harris, R.B. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
11. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/18230/0 | title = Procapra przewalskii | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
12. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6232/0 | title = Dama mesopotamica | accessdate = 2012-11-11 |author1=Rabiei, A. |author2=Saltz, D. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2011 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
13. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/63543/0 | title = Camelus ferus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Hare, J. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
14. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/10054/0 | title = Hippocamelus bisulcus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Jiménez, J., Guineo, G., Corti, P, Smith, J.A., Flueck, W., Vila, A., Gizejewski, Z., Gill, R., McShea, B. & Geist, V. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
15. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2446/0 | title = Axis calamianensis | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Oliver, W., Widmann, P. & Lastica, E. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
16. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4151/0 | title = Cephalophus spadix | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Moyer, D.C., Jones, T. & Rovero, F. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
17. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8967/0 | title = Gazella cuvieri | accessdate = 2012-11-11 |author1=Mallon, D.P. |author2=Cuzin, F. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
18. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/9917/0 | title = Nilgiritragus hylocrius | accessdate = 2012-11-11 |author1=Alempath, M. |author2=Rice, C. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
19. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/10032/0 | title = Choeropsis liberiensis | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Lewison, R. & Oliver, W. (IUCN SSC Hippo Specialist Subgroup) | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
20. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/3128/0 | title = Bubalus quarlesi | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Semiadi, G., Burton, J., Schreiber, A. & Mustari, A.H. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
21. ^1 2 3 {{IUCN |assessors=Mallon, D. P., Cuzin, F., de Smet, K. & Hoffmann, M. |year=2008 |id=8972 |taxon=Gazella leptoceros |version=2014.2}}
22. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4273/0 | title = Rusa alfredi | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = Oliver, W., MacKinnon, J., Heaney, L. & Lastica, E. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
23. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22046/0 | title = Tragelaphus buxtoni | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = Sillero-Zubiri, C. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
24. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2814/0 | title = Bison bonasus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Olech, W. (IUCN SSC Bison Specialist Group) | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
25. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4015/0 | title = Catagonus wagneri | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Altrichter, M., Taber, A., Noss, A. & Maffei, L. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
26. ^Choudhury, A. (2010). The vanishing herds : the wild water buffalo. Gibbon Books, Rhino Foundation, CEPF & COA, Taiwan, Guwahati, India.
27. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4140/0 | title = Cephalophus jentinki | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
28. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4257/0 | title = Rucervus duvaucelii | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = Duckworth, J.W., Samba Kumar, N., Chiranjibi Prasad Pokheral, Sagar Baral, H. & Timmins, R.J. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
29. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/11034/0 | title = Kobus megaceros | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
30. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41023/0 | title = Mazama bororo | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Duarte, J.M.B. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
31. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/9918/0 | title = Arabitragus jayakari | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Insall, D. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
32. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/3794/0 | title = Capra caucasica | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Weinberg, P. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
33. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/1151/0 | title = Ammotragus lervia | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Cassinello, J., Cuzin, F., Jdeidi, T., Masseti, M., Nader, I. & de Smet, K. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
34. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6793/0 | title = Dorcatragus megalotis | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Heckel, J.-O., Rayaleh, H.A., Wilhelmi, F. & Hammer, S. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
35. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/15569/0 | title = Oryx leucoryx | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2011 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
36. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13924/0 | title = Muntiacus crinifrons | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Harris, R.B. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
37. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2888/0 | title = Bos javanicus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Timmins, R.J., Duckworth, J.W., Hedges, S., Steinmetz, R. & Pattanavibool, A. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
38. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/3787/0 | title = Capra falconeri | accessdate = 2018-04-09 | author = Michel, S. & Rosen Michel, T. | year = 2015 | work = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T3787A97218336. | publisher = IUCN }}
39. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/3796/0 | title = Capra nubiana | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Alkon, P.U., Harding, L., Jdeidi, T., Masseti, M., Nader, I., de Smet, K., Cuzin, F. & Saltz, D. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
40. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/18848/0 | title = Pudu puda | accessdate = 2012-11-12 |author1=Jimenez, J. |author2=Ramilo, E. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
41. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/14294/0 | title = Naemorhedus baileyi | accessdate = 2012-11-11 |author1=Duckworth, J.W. |author2=MacKinnon, J. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
42. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/21661/0 | title = Tetracerus quadricornis | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = Mallon, D.P. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
43. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41789/0 | title = Rusa timorensis | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = Hedges, S., Duckworth, J.W., Timmins, R.J., Semiadi, G. & Priyono, A. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
44. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/10053/0 | title = Hippocamelus antisensis | accessdate = 2012-11-11 |author1=Barrio, J. |author2=Ferreyra, N. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
45. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2891/0 | title = Bos gaurus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Duckworth, J.W., Steinmetz, R., Timmins, R.J., Pattanavibool, A., Than Zaw, Do Tuoc & Hedges, S. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
46. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/63541/0 | title = Nanger soemmerringii | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Heckel, J.-O., Wilhelmi, F., Kaariye, X.Y., Rayaleh, H.A., Amir, O.G. & Künzel, T. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
47. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8970/0 | title = Gazella gazella | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author1 = Mallon, D.P. | author2 = Cuzin, F. | lastauthoramp = yes | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20121112022801/http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8970/0 | archivedate = 2012-11-12 | df = }}
48. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2892/0 | title = Bos mutus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 |author1=Harris, R.B. |author2=Leslie, D. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
49. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/44172/0 | title = Tragelaphus derbianus | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
50. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/5228/0 | title = Connochaetes gnou | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
51. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/16484/0 | title = Pelea capreolus | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
52. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4154/0 | title = Cephalophus harveyi | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
53. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/15803/0 | title = Ozotoceros bezoarticus | accessdate = 2012-11-12 |author1=Gonzalez, S. |author2=Merino, M.L. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
54. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8973/0 | title = Eudorcas rufifrons | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
55. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4153/0 | title = Cephalophus zebra | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
56. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22047/0 | title = Tragelaphus eurycerus | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
57. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/42397/0 | title = Capra ibex | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Aulagnier, S., Kranz, A., Lovari, S., Jdeidi, T., Masseti, M., Nader, I., de Smet, K. & Cuzin, F. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
58. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/12667/0 | title = Madoqua piacentinii | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
59. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22052/0 | title = Tragelaphus angasii | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
60. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4148/0 | title = Cephalophus ogilbyi | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
61. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/15188/0 | title = Okapia johnstoni | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
62. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/19391/0 | title = Redunca fulvorufula | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
63. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4144/0 | title = Cephalophus natalensis | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
64. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/15485/0 | title = Oreotragus oreotragus | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
65. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/1681/0 | title = Antilope cervicapra | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Mallon, D.P. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
66. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/3798/0 | title = Capra nubiana | accessdate = 2012-11-11 |author1=Herrero, J. |author2=Pérez, J.M. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
67. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/19832/0 | title = Saiga tatarica | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = Mallon, D.P. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
68. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/14602/0 | title = Neotragus pygmaeus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
69. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/15571/0 | title = Oryx beisa | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
70. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/19390/0 | title = Redunca arundinum | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
71. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/10170/0 | title = Hippotragus niger | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
72. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/10167/0 | title = Hippotragus equinus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
73. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/42680/0 | title = Oreamnos americanus | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = Festa-Bianchet, M. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
74. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/12142/0 | title = Litocranius walleri | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
75. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/19307/0 | title = Raphicerus sharpei | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
76. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/3811/0 | title = Capricornis crispus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Tokida, K. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
77. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4145/0 | title = Cephalophus niger | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
78. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/19392/0 | title = Redunca redunca | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
79. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/39250/0 | title = Ovis dalli | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = Festa-Bianchet, M. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
80. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/10103/0 |title=Hippopotamus amphibius |accessdate=2018-04-08 |author=Lewison, R. & Pluháček, J. |year=2017 |work=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T10103A18567364. |publisher=IUCN |deadurl=yes |archiveurl= |archivedate= |df= }}
81. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22053/0 | title = Tragelaphus imberbis | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
82. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8976/0 | title = Gazella subgutturosa | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Mallon, D.P. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
83. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/11037/0 | title = Kobus vardonii | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
84. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/29684/0 | title = Ovibos moschatus | accessdate = 2018-04-09 | author = Gunn, A. & Forchhammer, M. | year = 2008 | work = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008: e.T29684A86066477. | publisher = IUCN }}
85. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22055/0 | title = Tragelaphus oryx | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
86. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4150/0 | title = Cephalophus silvicultor | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
87. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4149/0 | title = Cephalophus rufilatus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
88. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22050/0 | title = Tragelaphus spekii | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
89. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4152/0 | title = Cephalophus weynsi | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
90. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/11035/0 | title = Kobus ellipsiprymnus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
91. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/11033/0 | title = Kobus leche | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
92. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/14603/0 | title = Neotragus batesi | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
93. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/10341/0 | title = Hyemoschus aquaticus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
94. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4141/0 | title = Cephalophus leucogaster | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
95. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4146/0 | title = Cephalophus nigrifrons | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
96. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22956/0 | title = Vicugna vicugna | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
97. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8971/0 | title = Nanger granti | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
98. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/811/0 | title = Alcelaphus buselaphus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
99. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/14604/0 | title = Nesotragus moschatus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
100. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/15573/0 | title = Oryx gazella | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
101. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4138/0 | title = Cephalophus callipygus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
102. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/18232/0 | title = Procapra gutturosa | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = Mallon, D.P. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
103. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22054/0 | title = Tragelaphus strepsiceros | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
104. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/12668/0 | title = Madoqua saltiana | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Heckel, J.-O., Wilhelmi, F., Kaariye, X.Y., Rayaleh, H.A. & Amir, O.G. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
105. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/12669/0 | title = Madoqua guentheri | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
106. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2815/0 | title = Bison bison | accessdate = 2012-11-11 |author1=Gates, C. |author2=Aune, K. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
107. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/11186/0 | title = Lama guanicoe | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Baldi, B., Lichtenstein G., González, B., Funes, M., Cuéllar, E., Villalba, L., Hoces, D. & Puig, S. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
108. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8982/0 | title = Eudorcas thomsonii | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
109. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/19308/0 | title = Raphicerus campestris | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
110. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/1677/0 | title = Antilocapra americana | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = Hoffmann, M., Byers, J. & Beckmann, J. | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
111. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4139/0 | title = Cephalophus dorsalis | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
112. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/15730/0 | title = Ourebia ourebi | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
113. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/21251/0 | title = Syncerus caffer | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
114. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/12670/0 | title = Madoqua kirkii | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
115. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/42396/0 | title = Capreolus pygargus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 |author1=Gonzalez, T. |author2=Tsytsulina, K. |lastauthoramp=yes| year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
116. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22051/0 | title = Tragelaphus scriptus | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
117. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41782/0 | title = Alces alces | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20121111133943/http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41782/0 | archivedate = 2012-11-11 | df = }}
118. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/5229/0 | title = Connochaetes taurinus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
119. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/21203/0 | title = Sylvicapra grimmia | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
120. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/550/0 | title = Aepyceros melampus | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
121. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/1676/0 | title = Antidorcas marsupialis | accessdate = 2012-11-11 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
122. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4142/0 | title = Philantomba maxwellii | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
123. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4143/0 | title = Philantomba monticola | accessdate = 2012-11-12 | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | year = 2008 | work = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 | publisher = IUCN }}
124. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/42394/0 | title = Odocoileus virginianus | accessdate = 2018-04-09 | author = Gallina, S. and Lopez Arevalo, H. | year = 2016 | work = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T42394A22162580. | publisher = IUCN }}
125. ^Borghese, A. (2011). Situation and Perspectives of Buffalo in the World, Europe and Macedonia. Macedonian Journal of Animal Science 1 (2): 281–296.
126. ^http://www.lohmann-information.com/content/l_i_45_artikel17.pdf
127. ^http://www.statista.com/statistics/263979/global-cattle-population-since-1990/
128. ^1 http://www.hobbyfarms.com/farm-industry-news/2011/11/22/2011-livestock-population-trends.aspx
{{Mammals by population}}

3 : Biology-related lists|Lists of mammals by population|Even-toed ungulates
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