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词条 List of geological features on Pluto
释义

  1. Cavi

  2. Colles

  3. Craters

  4. Dorsa

  5. Fluctūs

  6. Fossae

  7. Lacūs

  8. Lineae

  9. Maculae

  10. Montes

  11. Paludes

  12. Plana

  13. Planitiae

  14. Regiones

  15. Rupēs

  16. Terrae

  17. Valles

  18. See also

  19. Notes

  20. References

This is a list of named geological features on Pluto, identified by scientists working with data from the New Horizons spacecraft. The International Astronomical Union (IAU) has officially approved the first 14 names on 8 August 2017 (announced 7 September 2017), but most of the names listed on this page are still informal.[2][3] The IAU has determined that names will be chosen from the following themes:[4][5]

  • Names for the underworld from the world's mythologies.
  • Gods, goddesses, and dwarfs associated with the underworld.
  • Heroes and other explorers of the underworld.
  • Writers associated with Pluto and the Kuiper belt.
  • Pioneering space missions and spacecraft.
  • Scientists and engineers associated with Pluto and the Kuiper belt.

Cavi

A cavus is a hollow or steep-sided depression. One cavus has been identified on Pluto thus far; it is named after a mythological underworld. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4][10] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Adlivun Cavus Underworld in Inuit myths. 15676}}
Baralku Cavi Baralku, the island of the dead in Yolngu culture —
Hekla Cavus An Icelandic volcano believed to be the entrance to Hell in medieval European times. 15755}}
Quidlivun Cavus The land on the Moon where the souls of the dead find rest in Inuit mythology —

Colles

A collis is a low hill. Plutonian colles are being named after spacecraft that operated in Earth orbit. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Astrid Colles The Astrid program, Sweden's first satellites —
Challenger Colles Honours the loss of the Space Shuttle Challenger —
Coleta de Dados Colles Satélite de Coleta de Dados, first Brazilian satellite —
Columbia Colles Honours the loss of the Space Shuttle Columbia —
Soyuz Colles The Soyuz program; honors the loss of Soyuz 11 —

Craters

Plutonian craters are being named after scientists and other people associated with the study of Pluto. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Brinton Henry Brinton, NASA administrator instrumental in Pluto studies —
Burney Venetia Burney, who proposed the name of Pluto 15680}}
Coradini Angioletta Coradini, Italian astronomer —
Drake Michael Julian Drake, British-American astronomer who chaired the committee that approved the New Horizons mission —
Elliot James L. Elliot, discoverer of Pluto's atmosphere 15681}}
Farinella Paolo Farinella, Italian astronomer —
Giclas Henry L. Giclas, an astronomer at Lowell Observatory —
Guest John Guest,[6] British volcanologist and planetary scientist —
H. Smith Harlan Smith, astronomer and director of McDonald Observatory —
Harrington Robert Sutton Harrington, co-discoverer of Charon —
Hollis Andrew Hollis, British astronomer —
K. Edgeworth Kenneth Edgeworth, Irish astronomer who posited the Kuiper Belt —
Kowal Charles T. Kowal, American astronomer who discovered the first centaur —
Oort Jan Oort, Dutch astronomer who posited the Oort Cloud —
Pulfrich Carl Pulfrich, German physicist who developed the blink-comparator used to discover Pluto —
Safronov Viktor Safronov, Russian astronomer —
Simonelli Damon Simonelli, American astronomer and Pluto geologist —

Dorsa

A dorsum is a ridge. Plutonian dorsa are being named after underworlds in mythology. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Pandemonium Dorsa Pandæmonium, the capital of Hell in the poems of John Milton —
Tartarus Dorsa Tartarus, the pit of hell in Greek mythology 15679}}

Fluctūs

A Fluctus is a terrain covered by outflow of liquid. Plutonian fluctūs are being named after travellers to the underworld. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3][7]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Dionysus Fluctus The god Dionysus from Greek mythology, who travels to Hades (the underworld) to bring the playwright Euripides back —
Mpobe Fluctus Mpobe from Baganda mythology, a hero who willingly enters the underground world —
Pere Porter Fluctus Pere Porter is the character of a 16th-17th century moral novel who travels to hell —
Xanthias Fluctus Xanthias from Greek mythology, the slave who joins Dionysus on his travel to the underworld —

Fossae

A fossa is a ditch-like feature. Plutonian fossae are being named after figures associated with underworld myths. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Beatrice Fossa Beatrice Portinari, Purgatory to Heaven in The Divine Comedy —
Djanggawul Fossae Djanggawul, Yolngu creation figures from the Island of the Dead 15673}}
Dumuzi Fossa Dumuzid, legendary Sumerian king who replaced his wife Inanna in the underworld —
Inanna Fossa Inanna, Sumerian goddess who descended to the underworld —
Sleipnir Fossae Sleipnir, the steed Odin rides to the underworld 15674}}[3]
Sun Wukong Fossa Sun Wukong, the Chinese Monkey King who went to Hell —
Virgil Fossae Virgil, as Dante's guide through Hell and Purgatory in The Divine Comedy 15675}}[3]

Lacūs

A lacus is a "lake" or small plain. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4][7] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Alcyonia Lacus Lerna, also known as the Alcyonian Lake, was an entry to the netherworld in Greek mythology. —

Lineae

A linea is an elongated marking. Plutonian lineae are being named after space probes. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Chandrayaan Linea the Chandrayaan program, India's first lunar probes —
Luna Linea the Luna program, the first spacecraft to visit the Moon —
Yutu Linea Yutu, the first Chinese lunar rover —

Maculae

A macula is a dark spot. Plutonian maculae are being named after underworld creatures from fiction and mythology. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Ala Macula Ala, an Igbo god of the underworld —
Balrog Macula balrog, an underground demon in the writings of J.R.R. Tolkien —
Cadejo Macula cadejo, from Central American folklore —
Cthulhu Macula[8] Cthulhu, an ancient deity in the writings of H.P. Lovecraft —
Hun-Came Macula One of the two leading Maya death gods from the Popol Vuh —
Krun Macula Krun, the Mandaean overlord of the underworld —
Meng-p'o Macula Meng Po, the Chinese goddess of forgetfulness after death —
Morgoth Macula Morgoth, a figure of evil in the writings of J.R.R. Tolkien —
Vucub-Came Macula One of the two leading Maya death gods from the Popol Vuh —

Montes

A mons is a mountain. Plutonian montes (mountain ranges) are being named after explorers and adventurers. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
al-Idrisi Montes Muhammad al-Idrisi, medieval Almoravid explorer 15672}}
Baret Montes (formerly Baré Montes) Jeanne Baré; first woman to have completed circumnavigation voyage of the globe (1740-1807). 15751}}
Enrique Montes[9] —
Hillary Montes Edmund Hillary, first to scale Mount Everest (with Tenzing Norgay) 15671}}
Piccard Mons Auguste Piccard, conducted measurements of the upper atmosphere using balloons to reach an altitude of 23 kilometers —
Note1|a}} Tenzing Norgay, first to scale Mount Everest (with Edmund Hillary) 15670}}
Wright Mons Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright, invention of the airplane, first airplane flight [10] —
York Montes[11] —
Zheng He Montes Zheng He, medieval Chinese explorer —

Paludes

A palus (literally "swamp") is a small plain. Paludes on Pluto are named after historic explorers. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4][7] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
David-Néel Palus Alexandra David-Néel, Belgian–French explorer, best known for her 1924 visit to Lhasa, Tibet —
Tinné Paludes Alexandrine Tinné, Dutch explorer in Africa, the first European woman to attempt to cross the Sahara —

Plana

A planum is a plateau or high plain. One (Sputnik Planum) was initially identified on Pluto; but it has since been recognized to be a planitia.

Planitiae

A planitia is a low plain, distinct from plana as they are located on lower terrain. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Bird Planitia [12] Isabella Bird, nineteenth-century English explorer[13] —
Piri Planitia Piri Reis, the creator of the first map of the new world[57] —
Sputnik Planitia [57] Sputnik 1, the first satellite to orbit the Earth 15669}}

Regiones

A regio is a region geographically distinct from its surroundings. Plutonian regiones are being named after underworld spirits in fiction and mythology, or after scientists associated with the study of Pluto. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3] One such feature, the former Cthulhu Regio, is now considered to be a macula.[14][8]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Lowell Regio Percival Lowell, whose ideas about Planet X inadvertently led to Pluto's discovery —
Tombaugh Regio Clyde Tombaugh, discoverer of Pluto 15668}}

Rupēs

A rupes is an escarpment. Plutonian rupēs are being named after explorers. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Cousteau Rupes Jacques Cousteau, undersea explorer —
Eriksson Rupes Leif Erikson, first Norse explorer of America —
Piri Rupes Piri Reis, the creator of the first map of the new world[15] —

Terrae

A terra is an extensive landmass. Plutonian terrae are being named after space probes. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Hayabusa Terra Hayabusa, the first spacecraft to return a sample of an asteroid 15677}}
Pioneer Terra the Pioneer program, the first spacecraft to explore the outer Solar System —
Vega Terra the Vega program, which dropped probes onto Venus' surface along with the first close flybys to Comet Halley[15] —
Venera Terra the Venera program, first landers on Venus —
Viking Terra the Viking program, landers on Mars —
Voyager Terra the Voyager program, the first probes to Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and interstellar space 15678}}

Valles

A vallis is a valley. Plutonian valles are named after historic explorers. The following is a list of unofficial names chosen by the New Horizons team (not all of the names correspond with the themes listed above).[1][4][7] Names that have been officially approved are labeled as such.[3]

Feature Named after {{small>(Date{{·Ref)
Heyerdahl Vallis Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian adventurer and ethnographer —
Kupe Vallis Kupe, legendary discoverer of New Zealand —

See also

  • Geography of Pluto
  • Geology of Pluto
  • List of geological features on Charon

Notes

a.{{Note|Note1||Formerly called Norgay Montes}}

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1a-HpC06B67vu1G_x5y2m9Q5pGlmQi-vVok_-0C6yMvk/edit#gid=0 Google Docs list of named Plutonian features]
2. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/SearchResults?target=PLUTO|title=Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature|publisher=International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN)|access-date=12 August 2018}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 {{cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/pluto-features-given-first-official-names|title=Pluto Features Given First Official Names|publisher=NASA|date=2017-09-07}}
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 {{cite web |title=Global Mosaics of Pluto and Charon (unofficially named features) |publisher= APL – New Horizons |url=http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/Multimedia/Science-Photos/image.php?page=1&gallery_id=2&image_id=506 |accessdate= 13 August 2017}}
5. ^{{cite web |title=Naming of Astronomical Objects |publisher= IAU – International Astronomical Unition |url= https://www.iau.org/public/themes/naming/ |accessdate= 13 August 2017}}
6. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/History/Obituaries-2001-onwards/Obituaries-2012/John-Edward-Guest | title=The Geological Society of London - John Edward Guest 1938-2012}}
7. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal|author=Oliver L. White, Jeffrey M. Moore, William B. McKinnon, John R. Spencer, Alan D. Howard, Paul M. Schenk, Ross A. Beyer, Francis Nimmo, Kelsi N. Singer, Orkan M. Umurhan, S. Alan Stern, Kimberly Ennico, Cathy B. Olkin, Harold A. Weaver, Leslie A. Young, Andrew F. Cheng, Tanguy Bertrand, Richard P. Binzel, Alissa M. Earle, Will M. Grundy, Tod R. Lauer, Silvia Protopapa, Stuart J. Robbins, Bernard Schmitt, the New Horizons Science Team|title=Geological mapping of Sputnik Planitia on Pluto|journal=Icarus|volume=287|pages=261–286|year=2017|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2017.01.011|url=https://websites.pmc.ucsc.edu/~fnimmo/website/White_Pluto.pdf|access-date=6 January 2017|bibcode=2017Icar..287..261W}}
8. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Stern |first=S. A. |last2=Grundy |first2=W. |last3=McKinnon |first3=W. B. |last4=Weaver |first4=H. A. |last5=Young |first5=L. A.|title=The Pluto System After New Horizons|journal=Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume=56 |pages=357–392 |arxiv=1712.05669|bibcode=2018ARA&A..56..357S |year=2018 |doi=10.1146/annurev-astro-081817-051935 }}
9. ^{{cite journal |author=Moore, Jeffrey M.|display-authors=etal|title=Bladed Terrain on Pluto: Possible origins and evolution |url=https://www.geo.umass.edu/courses/geo892/ice%20blades%20on%20Pluto.pdf |format=PDF |date=15 January 2018 |journal=Icarus |volume=300 |pages=129–144 |doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2017.08.031 |accessdate=11 November 2017 |bibcode=2018Icar..300..129M }}
10. ^{{cite web|title=Tally Results|url=http://www.ourpluto.org/tally|website=Ourpluto.org|accessdate=December 6, 2015}}
11. ^{{cite journal|last1= Schenk|first1=P. M.|last2= Beyer|first2=R. A.|last3= McKinnon|first3=W. B.|last4= Moore|first4=J. M.|last5= Spencer|first5=J. R.|last6= White|first6=O. L.|last7= Singer|first7= K.|last8= Nimmo|first8= F.|last9= Thomason|first9= C.|last10= Lauer|first10=T. R.|last11= Robbins|first11= S.|last12= Umurhan|first12=O. M.|last13= Grundy|first13=W. M.|last14= Stern|first14=S. A.|last15= Weaver|first15=H. A.|last16= Young|first16=L. A.|last17= Smith|first17=K. E.|last18= Olkin|first18= C.|title= Basins, fractures and volcanoes: Global cartography and topography of Pluto from New Horizons|journal= Icarus|volume= 314|year= 2018|pages= 400–433|doi= 10.1016/j.icarus.2018.06.008|bibcode= 2018Icar..314..400S}}
12. ^https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2016/pdf/2284.pdf
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ourpluto.org/guide|title=Public campaign to name the surface features on Pluto and Charon|publisher=SETI Institute|access-date=2017-09-07}}
14. ^{{cite journal |author=Amanda M. Zangari|display-authors=etal|title=New Horizons disk-integrated approach photometry of Pluto and Charon |journal=AAA/Division for Planetary Sciences Meeting Abstracts #47 |pages=210.01 |bibcode= 2015DPS....4721001Z |date= November 2015 }}
15. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|title=What's eating at Pluto?|url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/what-s-eating-at-pluto|website=NASA|publisher=NASA|accessdate=March 11, 2016|date=2016-03-11}}
{{Pluto}}

2 : Surface features of Pluto|Geography of Pluto
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