| 词条 | Sexual arousal disorder |
| 释义 |
Sexual arousal disorder is characterized by a lack or absence of sexual fantasies and desire for sexual activity in a situation that would normally produce sexual arousal, or the inability to attain or maintain typical responses to sexual arousal. The disorder is found in the DSM-IV.[1] The condition should not be confused with a sexual desire disorder. The term is often used in the diagnosis of women (female sexual arousal disorder), while the term erectile dysfunction (ED) is often used for men. Signs and symptomsIn women, the symptoms of the disorder include:
However, whether lack of physiological arousal is a reliable symptom of the disorder is questionable. Research has shown that women with arousal deficits and women without arousal deficits show equivalent increases in physiological response during experience of erotic stimuli.[2][3] CausesContrary to popular belief, the disorder is not always caused from a lack of sexual arousal. Possible causes of the disorder include psychological and emotional factors, such as depression, anger, and stress; relationship factors, such as conflict or lack of trust; medical factors, such as depleted hormones, reduced regional blood flow, and nerve damage; and drug use. The lack of sexual arousal may be due to a general lack of sexual desire or due to a lack of sexual desire for the current partner (i.e., situational). A person may always have had no or low sexual desire or the lack of desire may have been acquired during the person's life. Certain medications like SSRIs may be a contributing factor. DiagnosisA psychologist will first consider any psychological or emotional problems; while a sex therapist will examine relationship issues; after which a medical doctor will investigate medical causes for the disorder. In order to receive this diagnosis, a woman must, for at least 6 months, report at least 3 of the following symptoms: absent or significantly reduced interest in sexual activity, in sexual or erotic thoughts or fantasies, in initiation of sex or receptiveness to sex, in excitement or pleasure in most sexual encounters, in sexual responsiveness to erotic cues, or in genital or non-genital responses to sexual activity. This can be either lifelong or acquired.[4] TreatmentDepending on the cause of the disorder, hormone therapy or a blood-flow enhancing medication, like Viagra, may be appropriate. Bremelanotide (formerly PT-141) is being studied in clinical tests to increase sexual desire in women. In 2014, Palatin, the company developing the drug, announced the beginning of a Phase 3 clinical trial to determine its effectiveness.[5]References1. ^DSM-IV, American Psychiatric Association 1994 2. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Morokoff PJ, Heiman JR |title=Effects of Erotic Stimuli on Sexually Functional and Dysfunctional Women |journal=Behaviour Research and Therapy |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=127–137 |year=1980 |doi=10.1016/0005-7967(80)90107-2|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0005796780901072}} 3. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Laan E, van Driel EM, van Lunsen RH |title=Genital Responsiveness in Healthy Women With and Without Sexual Arousal Disorder |journal=Journal of Sexual Medicine |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=1424–1435 |date=June 2008 |doi=10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00827.x |pmid=18410301 }} 4. ^Hoeksema, S. (2007). Abnormal psychology (4th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill. 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/palatin-announces-start-of-bremelanotide-phase-3-program-for-female-sexual-dysfunction-300014102.html|title=Palatin Announces Start of Bremelanotide Phase 3 Program For Female Sexual Dysfunction|accessdate=2015-02-17|publisher=PR Newswire}} See also
2 : Sexual and gender identity disorders|Non-sexuality |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。