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词条 List of human disease case fatality rates
释义

  1. See also

  2. References

This is a list of human disease case fatality rates (CFRs). A CFR is the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die during the course of the disease (cf. mortality rate). Data are based on optimally treated patients and exclude isolated cases or minor outbreaks, unless otherwise indicated.

{{expand list|date=July 2012}}
DiseaseTreatmentCFRNotesReference(s)
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathiesIncurable100% Includes Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and all its variants, fatal familial insomnia, kuru, Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome and others. [1]
African trypanosomiasisUntreated~ 100% [2]
Cryptococcal meningitisUntreated & Co-infection with HIV~ 100%date=February 2017}}
Plague — specifically the septicemic or pneumonic typeUntreated~ 100% [3]
Visceral leishmaniasisUntreated~ 100% [4]
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans ProgressivaIncurable~ 100% Death almost always results from complications of FOP, life expectancy is about 40 years [5]
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, Naegleria fowleriUntreated~ 99% Amphotericin B has shown efficacy in the limited survivorship population. Around 7 documented survivors [1]
RabiesUntreated~ 99% Preventable with vaccines and treatable with PEP but, once the symptoms manifest, the CFR is near 100%. Around 16 documented survivors after symptom onset, all but 3 did not receive any Rabies (specific) treatment at any time before symptom onset. Of those 3, only 1 survived without the use of a therapeutic coma [6]
BalamuthiaUntreated~ 99% 2 survivors, both have permanent brain damage. [7]
Glanders, septicemicUntreated95% The rate drops significantly to >50% with treatment. [8]
Smallpox Variola major — specifically the malignant (flat) or hemorrhagic typeUntreated~ 95%The rate drops significantly to 10% with effective treatments.[9]{{Rp>28}}[10]
AIDS/HIV infectionUntreated80–90% Data are counted during the first 5 years of infection in developed countries. HIV is not actually lethal but patients are usually killed by respiratory diseases, such as flu or pneumonia because of immunodeficiency caused by HIV virus.[11]{{Rp>1}}
Anthrax, specifically the pulmonary formUntreated & Unvaccinated> 85% Early treatments lower the CFR to 45% as seen in the 2001 AMERITHRAX letter attacks.[9]{{Rp>88}}
Aspergillosis, invasive pulmonary formOpportunistic w/COPD, Tuberculosis and Immunocompromised50–90% [12]
Herpes B virus diseaseUntreated≤ 70%date=February 2017}}
Smallpox, Variola major — in pregnant womenUnvaccinated> 65%[9]{{Rp>88}}
Cryptococcal meningitisCo-infection with HIV40-60%6 month mortality is >=60% with fluconazole-based therapy and 40% with amphotercin-based therapy in research studies in low and middle income countries.[13]
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1~ 60%[14]
Bubonic plague, untreatedUntreated & Unvaccinated≤ 60%[9]{{Rp>57}}
Tularemia pneumonia, untreatedUntreated≤ 60%[9]{{Rp>78}}
Anthrax, gastrointestinal, intestinal typeUntreated & Unvaccinated> 50%[9]{{Rp>27}}
Ebola virus disease — specifically EBOV "strain" (formerly Zaire Ebola virus)Untreated~ 59%, up to 90%
The CFR may be considerably lower with supportive care adopted in the 2013-15 West African epidemic and the Ebola virus epidemic in the DRC. [15][16]
Marburg virus disease — all outbreaks combinedUntreated23%-90% 23% in 1967 when it was first identified and 90% in 2004-2005 when the worst outbreak of the disease occurred. Antivirals such as Remdesivir and Galidesivir have shown promise in treating Filoviridae[17][18]
Plague, pneumonicUntreated & Unvaccinated50%[9]{{Rp>58}}
Tetanus, GeneralizedUntreated & Unvaccinated50%CFR drops to 10-20% with effective treatment.date=February 2017}}
Middle Eastern Respiratory SyndromeUntreated~ 45% Antivirals such as Remdesivir and Galidesivir have shown promise in treating Coronaviridaedate=February 2017}}
Reye's Syndrome> 40% [19]
Baylisascariasis~40% With occurrence of Neural Larva Migrans; early, aggressive treatment necessary for survival, but only 2 full recoveries from NLM ever documented [20]
Plague, septicemicUntreated & Unvaccinated30–50%[9]{{Rp>58}}
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)Untreated~36%Antivirals such as Remdesivir and Galidesivir have shown promise in treating Bunyaviralesdate=February 2017}}
Tularemia, typhoidal, untreatedUntreated~ 35%[9]{{Rp>77}}
Yellow feverUnvaccinated7.5% [21]
Eastern equine encephalitis virus~ 33% [22]
Anthrax, gastrointestinal, oropharyngeal type10–50%[9]{{Rp>27}}
Tuberculosis, HIV NegativeVaccine43% There is a vaccine but, doctors do not recommend it in the USA [23]
Smallpox, Variola major — unvaccinatedUnvaccinated30%[9]{{Rp>88}}
Varicella (chickenpox), newborns, untreatedUntreated~ 30% Where the mothers develop the disease between 5 days prior to, or 2 days after, delivery.[11]{{Rp>110}}
Cancer (overall)Treated30% [24]
Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF)Untreated26% Dengue haemorrhagic fever is also known as severe dengue.[25] [26]
Leptospirosis< 5–30%[11]{{Rp>352}}
Legionellosis~ 15%[11]{{Rp>665}}
Anorexia NervosaCohort summary16%21 year case description study[27]
Meningococcal diseaseUntreated & Unvaccinated10–20%date=February 2017}}
Typhoid fever, untreatedUntreated & Unvaccinated10–20%[11]{{Rp>665}}
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)11% Antivirals such as Remdesivir and Galidesivir have shown promise in treating Coronaviridae [28]
Intestinal capillariasis, untreatedUntreated~ 10% [29]
Visceral leishmaniasis~ 10% [30]
Botulism< 10% [31]
Diphtheria, respiratoryUntreated & Unvaccinated~ 5–10% [32]
Bubonic plagueUntreated & Unvaccinated< 5%[9]{{Rp>57}}
Tularemia, typhoidalUntreated~ 3–5%[9]{{Rp>77}}
Pertussis (whooping cough), infants, unvaccinated, in developing countriesUnvaccinated~ 3.7%[11]{{Rp>456}}
Smallpox, Variola major — vaccinatedVaccinated3%[9]{{Rp>88}}
Spanish (1918) flu> 2.5% [33]
Measles (rubeola), in developing countriesUnvaccinated~ 1–3% May reach 10–30% in some localities.[11]{{Rp>431}}
Brucellosis, untreatedUntreated≤ 2%[11]{{Rp>87}}
Hepatitis A, adults > 50 years oldUnvaccinated~ 1.8%[11]{{Rp>278}}
Lassa fever~ 1% 15% in hospitalized patients; higher in some epidemics.[11]{{Rp>334}}
Mumps encephalitisUnvaccinated~ 1%[11]{{Rp>431}}
Pertussis (whooping cough), children, unvaccinated, in developing countriesUnvaccinated~ 1% For children 1–4 years old.[11]{{Rp>456}}
Smallpox, Variola minor — unvaccinatedUnvaccinated1%[9]{{Rp>87–88}}
Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE)< 1%[9]{{Rp>97–98}}
Anthrax, cutaneous< 1%[9]{{Rp>27}}
Malaria~ 0.3% [34]
Hepatitis AUnvaccinated0.1–0.3%[11]{{Rp>278}}
Asian (1956–58) flu~ 0.1% [35]
Hong Kong (1968–69) flu~ 0.1% [35]
Influenza A, typical pandemics< 0.1% [33]
Varicella (chickenpox), adultsUnvaccinated0.02% This is 1:5,000.[11]{{Rp>110}}
Hand, foot and mouth disease, children < 5 years old0.01% This is 1:10,000. [36]
Varicella (chickenpox), childrenUnvaccinated0.001% This is 1:100,000.[11]{{Rp>110}}

See also

  • Lists of diseases
  • List of infectious diseases
  • List of causes of death by rate
  • List of notifiable diseases — diseases that should be reported to public health officials

References

1. ^1 Herriman, Robert, "My List of the Five Deadliest Communicable Diseases" Examiner.com; 7 May 2010.
2. ^{{cite web|publisher=Seattle Biomed|date=2014|url=http://www.seattlebiomed.org/disease/african-sleeping-sickness|title=African Sleeping Sickness}}
3. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Factsheets/pdfs/plague.pdf|title=Plague|publisher=Iowa State University|date=October 2009|accessdate=15 November 2016}}
4. ^World Health Organization, (2013) "Health Topics: Leishmaniasis."
5. ^{{cite journal| pmid=20194327 | doi=10.2106/JBJS.I.00705 | pmc=2827822 | volume=92 | issue=3 | title=Early mortality and cardiorespiratory failure in patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva | year=2010 | author=Kaplan FS, Zasloff MA, Kitterman JA, Shore EM, Hong CC, Rocke DM | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am | pages=686–91}}
6. ^{{cite web|title=Rabies Fact Sheet N°99|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs099/en/|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=28 February 2014|date=July 2013}}
7. ^ (2003), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balamuthia_mandrillaris#Treatment
8. ^New Jersey Department of Agriculture (2003), Glanders: Infections in Humans
9. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 {{Cite book|url = http://www.usamriid.army.mil/education/bluebookpdf/USAMRIID%20BlueBook%207th%20Edition%20-%20Sep%202011.pdf|title = USAMRIID's Medical Management of Biological Casualties Handbook|last = USAMRIID|date = 2011|journal = |accessdate = |doi = |pmid = |isbn = 9780160900150|edition = 7th|publisher = U.S. Government Printing Office}}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/training/overview/pdf/diseasemgmt.pdf |title=Smallpox Disease and Its Clinical Management |accessdate=2007-12-26 |work=From the training course titled "Smallpox: Disease, Prevention, and Intervention" (www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/training/overview)}}
11. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 {{Cite book|url = |title = Control of Communicable Diseases Manual|date = 2008|journal = |accessdate = |doi = |pmid = |location = Washington, D.C.|isbn = 978-0-87553-189-2|publisher = American Public Health Association|edition = 19th|editor-last = Heymann|editor-first = David L.|editor-link = David L. Heymann}}
12. ^M. Kousha, R. Tadi and A.O. Soubani, Pulmonary aspergillosis: a clinical review, European Respiratory Review, September 1, 2011, vol. 20, no. 121, 156-174.
13. ^{{cite journal|last1=Rajasingham|first1=Radha|last2=Rolfes|first2=Melissa A.|last3=Birkenkamp|first3=Kate E.|last4=Meya|first4=David B.|last5=Boulware|first5=David R.|title=Cryptococcal Meningitis Treatment Strategies in Resource-Limited Settings: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis|journal=PLOS Med|date=25 September 2012|volume=9|issue=9|pages=e1001316|doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001316|pmid=23055838|issn=1549-1676|pmc=3463510}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/EN_GIP_20130604CumulativeNumberH5N1cases.pdf|title=Cumulative number of confirmed human cases for avian influenza A(H5N1) reported to WHO, 2003-2013|publisher=World Health Organization|accessdate=January 16, 2015}}
15. ^{{cite web |title=Ebola virus disease Fact sheet N°103 |url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/ |work=World Health Organization |accessdate=12 April 2014|date=March 2014}}
16. ^{{cite book |editor1=C.M. Fauquet |editor2=M.A. Mayo |editor3=J. Maniloff |editor4=U. Desselberger |editor5=L.A. Ball |title=Virus taxonomy: classification and nomenclature of viruses |date=2005 |publisher=Elsevier/Academic Press |location=Oxford |isbn=978-0-08057-548-3 |page=648 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9Wy7Jgy5RWYC&pg=PA648}}
17. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Jacob | first1 = H. | last2 = Solcher | first2 = H. | title = An infectious disease transmitted by Cercopithecus aethiops ("marbury disease") with glial nodule encephalitis | journal = Acta Neuropathologica | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | pages = 29–44 | year = 1968 | pmid = 5748997 | doi = 10.1007/bf00692793}}
18. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Hovette | first1 = P. | title = Epidemic of Marburg hemorrhagic fever in Angola | journal = Medecine Tropicale: Revue du Corps de Sante Colonial | volume = 65 | issue = 2 | pages = 127–128 | year = 2005 | pmid = 16038348}}
19. ^Lisa A. Degnan, PharmD, BCPS, USPharmacist.com, (20 March 2012) "Reye’s Syndrome: A Rare But Serious Pediatric Condition."
20. ^Kevin R. Kazacos, (2016) [https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/cir1412 "Baylisascaris Larva Migrans - Circular 1412"]
21. ^http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs100/en/
22. ^Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (16 August 2010) [https://www.cdc.gov/EasternEquineEncephalitis/ "Eastern Equine Encephalitis."]
23. ^{{cite journal | author = Tiemersma EW, van der Werf MJ, Borgdorff MW, Williams BG, Nagelkerke NJD | year = 2011 | title = Natural history of tuberculosis: duration and fatality of untreated pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV negative patients: a systematic review | url = | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 6 | issue = 4| page = e17601 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0017601 | pmid = 21483732 | pmc = 3070694 }}
24. ^{{Cite web|url=https://ncci.canceraustralia.gov.au/outcomes/relative-survival-rate/5-year-relative-survival|title=5-year relative survival|last=Australia|first=Cancer|date=2015-12-18|website=National Cancer Control Indicators|language=EN|access-date=2018-12-10}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en/|author=|title=Dengue and severe dengue|date=March 2014|series=Fact sheet N°117|website=World Health Organization|accessdate=2014-08-08}}
26. ^{{cite journal|vauthors=Ranjit S, Kissoon N |title=Dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndromes|journal= Pediatric Critical Care Medicine |date=January 2011|pmid=20639791|doi=10.1097/PCC.0b013e3181e911a7 |volume=12|pages=90–100|issue=1}}
27. ^{{Cite journal|last=Herzog|first=W.|last2=Reas|first2=D. L.|last3=Dupont|first3=Y.|last4=Buchholz|first4=C.|last5=Zipfel|first5=S.|last6=Löwe|first6=B.|date=July 2001|title=Long-term outcome of anorexia nervosa in a prospective 21-year follow-up study|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychological-medicine/article/longterm-outcome-of-anorexia-nervosa-in-a-prospective-21year-followup-study/3325B724FFF58F73B5D71779D3F1E5A2|journal=Psychological Medicine|language=en|volume=31|issue=5|pages=881–890|doi=10.1017/S003329170100407X|issn=1469-8978}}
28. ^World Health Organization (2003) Consensus document on the epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Department of Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response, WHO; pg 10.
29. ^David Bernstein, M.D., "Intestinal Parasite Infections From Roundworms -- Description, Diagnosis, Treatment."
30. ^World Health Organization, (2013) "Initiative for Vaccine Research (IVR): Parasitic Diseases - Leishmaniasis."
31. ^Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1998), Botulism in the United States 1899-1996: Handbook for Epidemiologists, Clinicians, and Laboratory Workers, Atlanta, Georgia. Foodborne botulism during the 1950s had a CFR of approximately 25%.
32. ^Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (7 February 2011) [https://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/diptheria_t.htm "Diphtheria."]
33. ^1 {{Cite journal|url = http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/content/12/1/contents.htm|title = 1918 influenza: the mother of all pandemics|last = Taubenberger|first = Jeffery K.|date = January 2006|journal = Emerging Infectious Diseases|volume = 12|accessdate = 2009-04-17|doi = 10.3201/eid1201.050979|pmid = 16494711|pmc = 3291398|last2 = Morens|first2 = David M.|publisher = Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|issn = 1080-6059|issue = 1|pages = 15–22|series = 12}}
34. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs094/en/|title = Malaria|date = December 2014|accessdate = 14 Jan 2015|website = WHO|publisher = WHO}}
35. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Li|first=F C K|author2=B C K Choi |author3=T Sly |author4=A W P Pak|date=June 2008|title=Finding the real case-fatality rate of H5N1 avian influenza|journal=Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health|volume=62|issue=6|pages=555–559|publisher=|location=|doi=10.1136/jech.2007.064030|issn=0143-005X|url=http://jech.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/62/6/555|accessdate=2009-04-29|pmid=18477756}}
36. ^Wang, X, et al (2014), [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25117760 "Estimating the number of hand, foot and mouth disease amongst children aged under-five in Beijing during 2012, based on a telephone survey of healthcare seeking behavior"], BMC Infect Dis, Aug 12;14:437. {{doi|10.1186/1471-2334-14-437}}.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Human disease case fatality rates}}

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