| 释义 |
- Missions Lunar Interplanetary Astronomy
- Satellites Earth satellites
- Planned missions
- See also
- References
- External links
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}The Indian Space Research Organisation has carried out 97 spacecraft missions,69 launch missions[1] and planned many missions including Chandrayaan-2,[2] and Aditya (spacecraft). MissionsThis is the list of all completed missions. Lunar| Mission Name | Details |
|---|
| Chandrayaan-1 | Chandrayaan-1 was India's first lunar probe. It was launched by the Indian Space Research Organisations in October 2008, and operated until August 2009. The mission included a lunar orbiter and an impactor. The mission was a major boost to India's space program, as India researched and developed its own technology in order to explore the Moon. The vehicle was successfully inserted into lunar orbit on 8 November 2008.[3][4] |
Interplanetary| Mission Name | Details |
|---|
| Mars Orbiter Mission | Mars Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan is a spacecraft orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014. It was launched on 5 November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is India's first interplanetary mission and ISRO has become the fourth space agency to reach Mars, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the European Space Agency. It is the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit, and the first nation in the world to do so in its first attempt[5][6] |
Astronomy| Mission Name | Details |
|---|
| ASTROSAT | ASTROSAT is the first dedicated Indian Astronomy satellite mission launched by ISRO on 28 September 2015, which will be helpful in enable multi-wavelength observations of the celestial bodies and cosmic sources in X-ray and UV spectral bands simultaneously. The scientific payloads cover the Visible (3500–6000 Å…), UV (1300–op Å…), soft and hard X-ray regimes (0.5–8 keV; 3–80 keV). The uniqueness of ASTROSAT lie in its wide spectral coverage extending over visible, UV, soft and hard X-ray regions.[7] | | South Asia Satellite | South Asia Satellite was launched on 5 May 2017.This is a satellite which has been developed by ISRO for South Asian Nations. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced this in November 2014 during the 18th SAARC session. |
SatellitesEarth satellites{{main|List of Indian satellites}}India's first satellite Aryabhata was launched by the Soviet Union on 19 April 1975[8] from Kapustin Yar using a Kosmos-3M launch vehicle. (It was built by the ISRO) to gain experience in building and operating a satellite in space.[9] India has launched 100 Indian satellites of many types as on 31 January 2018. Satellites have been launched from various vehicles, including those launched by Russian, European and American rockets, as well as those launched indigenously by India. The organisation responsible for India's satellite program is the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).[10] ISRO also launches satellites for foreign countries. As of November 2018, ISRO has launched 239 satellites for 28 foreign countries. In January 2017, India launched 104 satellites in a single mission, out of which 96 were from the United States and the rest from the Netherlands, Kazakhstan, Israel, UAE and India, by using a single launch vehicle. This eclipsed the previous record of 37 held by Russia. Planned missions| Mission name | Details |
|---|
| Chandrayaan-2 Chandrayaan-2 will be India's second mission to the Moon which will include an orbiter and lander-rover module. Chandrayaan-2 will be launched on India's Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV-MkIII) in the first quarter of 2019. The science goals of the mission are to further improve the understanding of the origin and evolution of the Moon.[11][12] | | Aditya-L1 ISRO plans to carry out a mission to the Sun by the year 2019–20.[13] The probe is named as Aditya-1 and will weigh about 400 kg. It is the First Indian-based Solar Coronagraph to study solar Corona in visible and near IR bands. The launch of the Aditya mission was planned during the high solar activity period in 2012 but was postponed to 2015–2016 due to the extensive work involved in the fabrication and other technical aspects. The main objective is to study the Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) and consequently the crucial physical parameters for space weather such as the coronal magnetic field structures, the evolution of the coronal magnetic field, etc. This will provide completely new information on the velocity fields and their variability in the inner corona having an important bearing on the unsolved problem of heating of the corona would be obtained.[14][15] | | AVATAR | AVATAR from "Aerobic Vehicle for Transatmospheric Hypersonic Aerospace Transportation" is a concept for a manned single-stage reusable spaceplane capable of horizontal takeoff and landing, by India's Defence Research and Development Organisation along with Indian Space Research Organisation and other research institutions. The mission concept is for low-cost military and commercial satellite space launches, as well as for space tourism.[16] The first scaled-down tests were conducted in 2016, and the first manned AVATAR flight is proposed for 2025. | | RISAT-1A | RISAT-1A is Radar imaging satellite, Its configuration is similar to RISAT-1. It is a land-based mission with primary application in terrain mapping and analysis of land, ocean and water surface for soil moisture. | | NISAR | Nasa-Isro Synthetic Aperture Radar (Nisar) is a joint project between NASA and ISRO to co-develop and launch a dual frequency synthetic aperture radar satellite to be used for remote sensing. It is notable for being the first dual-band radar imaging satellite.[17] | | Mars Orbiter Mission 2 | Mars Orbiter Mission 2 (MOM 2) also called Mangalyaan 2 is India's second interplanetary mission planned for launch to Mars by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in the 2021-2022 time frame. It will consist of an orbiter, and may include a lander and a rover. | | Indian Venusian orbiter mission | The Indian Venusian orbiter mission is a planned orbiter to Venus by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to study the atmosphere of Venus. It will be launched some time after 2020. |
See also- List of Indian satellites
- List of foreign satellites launched by India
References1. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.isro.gov.in/missions|title=list of missions}}
2. ^{{cite news|url= http://m.hindustantimes.com/science/india-to-launch-chandrayaan-ii-by-2016-17/article1-1171493.aspx|publisher=Hindustan Times|title=India to launch Chandrayaan 2 by 2016–17|accessdate=16 April 2015}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/pslv-c11-chandrayaan-i|title=Chandrayaan-1}}
4. ^{{cite web |url= https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/profile.cfm?MCode=Chandrayaan|title=Chandrayaan-1}}
5. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.isro.gov.in/Spacecraft/mars-orbiter-mission-spacecraft|title=Mars Orbiter Mission Spacecraft}}
6. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.space.com/topics/india-mars-orbiter-mission/|title =Mars Orbiter Mission}}
7. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.isro.gov.in/update/28-sep-2015/pslv-successfully-launches-india%E2%80%99s-multi-wavelength-space-observatory-astrosat |title= PSLV Successfully Launches India’s Multi Wavelength Space Observatory ASTROSAT |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20150930173927/http://www.isro.gov.in/update/28-sep-2015/pslv-successfully-launches-india%E2%80%99s-multi-wavelength-space-observatory-astrosat |archivedate= 30 September 2015 |df= dmy-all }}
8. ^"Aryabhata" in The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 611.
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://geocities.com/hari_ghk/arya.htm |title=Aryabhatta – India's First Satellite |date=27 October 2009 |accessdate=22 October 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091027104057/http://geocities.com/hari_ghk/arya.htm |archivedate=27 October 2009}}
10. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.isro.gov.in/spacecraft | title=Spacecraft | publisher=ISRO | accessdate=26 April 2016}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/chandrayaan-2 |title=Chandrayaan-2}}
12. ^{{cite news|url=http://m.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/chandrayaan2-to-be-launched-in-2017/article6348838.ece/|title=Chandrayaan 2 will be launched in 2017|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20150416162850/http://m.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/chandrayaan2-to-be-launched-in-2017/article6348838.ece/|archivedate=16 April 2015|df=dmy-all}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://isro.gov.in/aditya-l1-first-indian-mission-to-study-sun|title=Aditya – L1 First Indian mission to study the Sun|work=isro.gov.in}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/video/player/news/after-the-moon-isro-eyes-the-sun/201990|title=After the moon, ISRO eyes the sun|work=ndtv.com}}
15. ^{{cite news |url= http://m.timesofindia.com/home/science/Isros-mission-to-probe-Sun-before-2020/articleshow/31184685.cms|title=ISRO's mission will probe sun before 2020}}
16. ^{{cite news|url= http://www.dnaindia.com/bangalore/report-isros-design-of-reusable-launch-vehicle-approved-1633779|title=ISRO's design of reusable launch vehicle approved |work=DNA India |location=Bangalore, India |date=5 January 2012 |accessdate=22 October 2014 }}
17. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/nasa-isro-synthetic-aperture-radar-nisar/|publisher=nasa.com|title= NISAR}}
External links{{Indian space programme}}{{Indian spacecraft}}{{DEFAULTSORT:ISRO missions}} 3 : Indian Space Research Organisation|Lists of space missions|India science and technology-related lists |