“List of polygamy court cases”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Polygamy is the state of being married to more than one person at the same time. It is illegal in many countries. The following is a list of polygamy court cases:

United Kingdom

Hyde v. Hyde (1866) {L.R.} 1 P. & D. 130 — established the modern understanding and legal definition of marriage

Bethell v. Hillyard (1885) 38 Ch.D. 220. [1885 B. 2119.] — a potentially polygamous marriage is void

R v Smith 1994 15 Cr App R (S) 407 — used divorce papers to marry again^[3]

R v Cairns [1997] 1 Cr App R (S) — used polygamy to circumvent immigration controls^[3]

United States

19th century

Reynolds v. United States, {{ussc|98|145|1878}}

Miles v. United States, {{ussc|103|304|1880}}

Clawson v. United States, {{ussc|113|143|1885}} — established cohabitation as unlawful

Murphy v. Ramsey, {{ussc|114|15|1885}} — Edmunds Act not ex post facto because charges were for continued cohabitation, not for the prior illegal marriage

Clawson v. United States, {{ussc|114|477|1885}}

Cannon v. United States, {{ussc|116|55|1885}} — "cohabit" in criminal statue is "living together as husband and wife"

Snow v. United States, {{ussc|118|346|1886}}

Cannon v. United States, {{ussc|118|355|1886}}

In re Snow, {{ussc|120|274|1887}} — multiple convictions overturned, as cohabiting was a continuous offense, and cannot be charged separately for individual years of offence

Ex parte Hans Nielsen, {{ussc|131|176|1889}} — polygamy is not adultery

Bassett v. United States, {{ussc|137|496|1890}} — polygamous wives can be required to testify as they are not a wife

Davis v. Beason, {{ussc|133|333|1890}} — upheld ban on voting and holding political office in the Idaho Territory for all members of organizations that teach or advocate polygamy

Late Corporation of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints v. United States, {{ussc|136|1|1890}} and {{ussc|140|665|1891}}

20th century

Chatwin v. United States, {{ussc|326|455|1946}} — underaged polygamous marriage with consent not prosecutable under the Federal Kidnapping Act

Cleveland v. United States, {{ussc|329|14|1946}} — polygamous marriage an "immoral purpose" under the Mann Act

Musser v. Utah, {{ussc|333|95|1948}} — polygamy not religious free speech

In re Black, 3 Utah 2d 315 (1955) [283 P.2d 887]^[4] — raising children in a polygamist household is evidence of child neglect; the state can remove and retain custody of children while their parents unlawful cohabitation continues

Potter v. Murray City, 760 F.2d 1065 (10th Cir. 1985)^[5] — "the State is justified, by a compelling interest, in upholding and enforcing its ban on plural marriage"

Barlow v. Blackburn, 165 Ariz. 351, 356, 798 P.2d 1360, 1365 (App.1990)^[6] — "Barlow's practice of polygamy justif[ies] revoking or suspending his peace officer certification" as "Arizona's constitutional prohibition against polygamy is valid" and "Arizona's compelling state interest [...] justifies an infringement upon Barlow's religiously-motivated conduct"

In re Adoption of W.A.T. (a.k.a. Johanson v. Fischer), 808 P.2d 1083 (Utah 1991)^[7] — "no legitimate basis for the courts to disqualify all bigamists (polygamists) as potential adopters"

Barlow v. Evans, 993 F.Supp. 1390 (D.Utah 1997)^[8] — Fair Housing Act prohibition of religious discrimination does not provide protection for polygamists

21st century

State of Utah v. Green (a.k.a. State v. Green, Utah v. Green), 2004 UT 76 [99 P.3d 820]^[9] — Utah's polygamy ban upheld

Warren Jeffs prosecution

Brown v. Buhman, 11-cv-0652-CW (2013)^[10] — the portions of Utah's anti-polygamy laws which prohibit multiple cohabitation ruled unconstitutional, but Utah allowed to maintain its ban on multiple marriage licenses^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]

Carrick v. Snyder , 5:2015cv10108, current case before Michigan's Eastern District Federal brought by the Rev. Neil Patrick Carrick holding that it is a violation of the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment to prohibit clergy from performing same sex wedding ceremonies.^[15]^[16]

Collier et al v. Fox et al, 1:15-cv-00083, current case brought by Nathan Collier et al in Montana District Court, seeking a marriage license for Nathan Collier and Christine Collier. Nathan Collier currently has a legal marriage with Victoria Collier.

Mayle v. Orr et al, 17-cv-00449,^[17] brought by Kenneth Mayle in U.S. District 7 (Northern Illinois) seeking to strike Illinois laws on Bigamy,^[18] Adultery,^[19]^[20]^[21] and Fornication^[22] laws based on religious beliefs, practice, and philosophies of Satanism and Thelema including Enochian Sex Magick. The complaint claims these laws violate the 1st and 14th amendment of the U.S. Constitution. The case was dismissed on 4/10/2017. An attempt at an appeal was denied on 11/3/2017 based on a procedural error.

References

1. ^{{citation |url= http://www.canlii.org/en/bc/bcsc/doc/2011/2011bcsc1588/2011bcsc1588.html |title= Reference re: Section 293 of the Criminal Code of Canada, 2011 BCSC 1588 |work= British Columbia: Supreme Court of British Columbia [CanLII.org] |publisher= Canadian Legal Information Institute }}
2. ^{{citation |first= Alexandra |last= Phelan |date= 23 November 2011 |url= http://hrlc.org.au/reference-re-section-293-of-the-criminal-code-of-canada-2011-bcsc-1588-23-november-2011/ |title= Case notes: Canadian Court says criminalisation of polygamy is a valid limitation on the right to freedom and liberty |work= hrlc.org.au |publisher= Human Rights Law Centre (Melbourne, Vic) }}
3. ^¹{{citation |url= http://www.cps.gov.uk/legal/s_to_u/sentencing_manual/bigamy/ |title= Sentencing manual: Bigamy |work= Prosecution Policy and Guidance: Legal Guidance [cps.gov.uk] |publisher= Crown Prosecution Service |accessdate= 2014-09-17 }}
4. ^{{citation |url= http://law.justia.com/cases/utah/supreme-court/1955/8222-0.html |title= In Re State in Interest of Black |work= Utah Case Law: Utah Supreme Court Decisions, 1955 |publisher= Justia [Law.Justia.com] }}
5. ^{{citation |url= http://openjurist.org/760/f2d/1065/potter-v-murray-city-g-m-l |title= 760 F. 2d 1065 - Potter v. Murray City G M L |work= OpenJurist.org |publisher= OpenJurist }}
6. ^{{citation |url= https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=7167396541093202725 |title= Barlow v. Blackburn, 798 P. 2d 1360 - Ariz: Court of Appeals, 1st Div., Dept. C 1990 |via= Google Scholar }}
7. ^{{citation |url= http://law.justia.com/cases/utah/supreme-court/1991/890053.html |title= Matter of Adoption of WAT |work= Utah Case Law: Utah Supreme Court Decisions, 1991 |publisher= Justia [Law.Justia.com] }}
8. ^{{citation |url= https://www.courtlistener.com/utd/cHAu/barlow-v-evans/ |title= Barlow v. Evans, 993 F. Supp. 1390 (D. Utah 1997) |work= CourtListener.com |publisher= CourtListener, Free Law Project }}
9. ^{{citation |url= http://law.justia.com/cases/utah/supreme-court/2004/greeni090304.html |title= State of Utah v. Green |work= Utah Case Law: Utah Supreme Court Decisions, 2004 |publisher= Justia [Law.Justia.com] }}
10. ^{{citation |url= https://ecf.utd.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/show_public_doc?211cv0652-78 |title= Memorandum Decision And Order Granting In Part Plaintiffs' Motion For Summary Judgement, Case No. 2:11-cv-0652-CW |first= Clark |last= Waddoups |authorlink= Clark Waddoups |date= December 13, 2013 }}
11. ^{{citation |title= A Law Prohibiting Polygamy is Weakened |newspaper= New York Times |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/15/us/a-utah-law-prohibiting-polygamy-is-weakened.html?nl=todaysheadlines&emc=edit_th_20131215&_r=0 |first= John |last= Schwartz |date= September 14, 2013}}
12. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.cnn.com/2013/12/14/justice/utah-polygamy-law/ |title= 'Sister Wives' case: Judge strikes down part of Utah polygamy law |publisher= CNN |work= CNN.com |first= Bill |last= Mears |date= December 14, 2013 |accessdate= 2013-12-19}}
13. ^{{citation |newspaper= The Salt Lake Tribune |author= Peggy Fletcher Stack |url= http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/news/57264020-78/church-polygamy-mormon-says.html.csp |title= Laws on Mormon polygamists lead to win for plural marriage |date= December 14, 2013 |accessdate= 2013-12-19}}
14. ^Reversed by 10th Circuit in Brown v. Buhman, 822 F.3d 1151 (10th Cir. 2016). https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=16589478949043800904&hl=en&as_sdt=6&as_vis=1&oi=scholarr
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://dockets.justia.com/docket/michigan/miedce/5:2015cv10108/297820|title=Carrick v. Snyder et al|work=Justia Dockets & Filings}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/wayne-county/2015/01/13/minister-sues-mich-right-marry-sex-couples/21718645/|title=Minister sues Mich. for right to marry same-sex couples|author=Oralandar Brand-Williams, The Detroit News|date=13 January 2015|work=detroitnews.com}}
17. ^{{cite web|title=Mayle v. Orr, Dist. Court, ND Illinois 2017|url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=1187096914170730980&q=mayle+v.+orr&hl=en&as_sdt=20000006|website=Google Scholar|accessdate=20 February 2018}}
18. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext.asp?docname=072000050k11-45|title=Illinois General Assembly - Illinois Compiled Statutes|website=www.ilga.gov|language=en|access-date=2017-05-17}}
19. ^http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext.asp?DocName=072000050K11-35
20. ^{{cite web|title=Satanist to Chicago Judge: Anti-Adultery Law Has 'Chilling Effect' On Relationships|url=https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/Judge-in-Chicago-Tosses-Adultery-Related-Suit-From-Satanist--419204824.html|website=NBC Chicago|publisher=NBC|accessdate=20 February 2018}}
21. ^{{cite web|title=Illinois judge tosses adultery-related suit from Satanist|url=http://fox2now.com/2017/04/11/illinois-judge-tosses-adultery-related-suit-from-satanist/|website=Fox 2 News|publisher=Fox News|accessdate=20 February 2018}}
22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext.asp?DocName=072000050K11-40|title=Illinois General Assembly - Illinois Compiled Statutes|website=www.ilga.gov|language=en|access-date=2017-05-17}}

2 : Polygamy|Law-related lists

Canada

United Kingdom

United States

See also

References