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词条 List of terrestrial fibre optic cable projects in Africa
释义

  1. Countries

     Algeria  Angola  Benin  Botswana  Burundi  Burkina Faso  Cameroon  Chad  Cote d'Ivoire  Democratic Republic of Congo  Djibouti  Ethiopia  Gambia  Ghana  Kenya  Madagascar  Malawi  Mali  Mauritania  Morocco  Mozambique  Namibia  Niger  Nigeria  Rwanda  Senegal  Somalia  South Africa  Sudan  Tanzania  Togo  Uganda  Zambia  Zimbabwe 

  2. Notes

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

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This is a list of terrestrial fibre optic cable projects in Africa. While submarine communications cables are used to connect countries and continents to the Internet, terrestrial fibre optic cables are used to extend this connectivity to landlocked countries or urban centers within a country with submarine cable access. While in most of the world a large number of such cables exist, often amounting to robust Internet backbones, the lack of such high-speed cables poses a great problem for most African countries. The construction of both submarine cables and their terrestrial extensions is thus considered an important step to economic growth and development to many African countries.

Countries

Algeria

OperatorMapKML Summary
Algeria Telecom [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/9706403153/ map] Algeria Telecom completes its part of the Algeria to Nigeria optical network.[1]

Angola

OperatorMapKML Summary
[https://web.archive.org/web/20000412091315/http://www.angolatelecom.com/ Angola Telecom] [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/7261268726/ map] [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/b5402db6e08f8ad541906fcea8a039d52369a7de/Angola/Angola_Telecoms/AngolaTelecoms.kml kml]
Unitel
Zap Fibra

Benin

OperatorMapKML Summary
Benin Telecoms [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/6797812772/ map]
Phase3 See entry for Phase3 Nigeria
Suburban Telecoms See entry for Suburban Telecom Nigeria

Botswana

OperatorMapKML Summary
Botswana Fibre Network (BOFINET) map [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Botswana/Botswana_Gov.kml kml] A government funded national fibre network in Botswana covering more than 2000 km. Completed in 2008.[2]
Mascom Mascom announces plans to build fibre network.[3]

Burundi

OperatorMapKML Summary
Burundi Backbone Service   Burundi Launches ICT Backbone
Viettel Burundi
ONATEL Burundi Website content offline as of 5/24/2018

Burkina Faso

OperatorMapKML Summary
Onatel
Airtel

Cameroon

OperatorMapKML Summary
MTN Cameroon map From this 2009 article. Needs updating.
Camtel [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/6330961111/ map] [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/tree/master/Cameroon kml] Camtel have completed 5000 km of the 6000 km of fibre laid as part of the Central African Backbone initiative[4]

Chad

OperatorMapKML Summary
SotelTchad or perhaps SITCOM-Tchad? [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/8551817974/ map] Chad has a 700 km national fibre backbone which from N'Djamena south which is now connected to SAT3 via Camtel.[5]

Cote d'Ivoire

OperatorMapKML Summary
Gouvernement du Côte d'Ivoire Huawei are building a 6,700 km national fibre network on behalf of the government.[6]
Cote d'Ivoire Telecom
Orange Cote d'Ivoire
MTN Cote d'Ivoire

Democratic Republic of Congo

OperatorMapKML Summary
Liquid Telecom map Liquid Telecom have extended their southern African fibre network as far as Lumumbashi in the Democratic Republic of Congo.[7]

Djibouti

OperatorMapKML Summary
Djibouti Telecom

Ethiopia

{{see also|Telecommunications in Ethiopia}}
OperatorMapKML Summary
Ethio Telecom (formerly ETC) [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/7013508301/ map] [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Ethiopia/Ethiopia_Telecoms.kml kml]

Gambia

OperatorMapKML Summary
Gamtel

Ghana

{{see also|Telecommunications in Ghana}}
OperatorMapKML Summary
National Communications Backbone Company (NCBC) Ltd map NCBC, is a subsidiary of Vodafone Ghana.
MTN Ghana map [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Ghana/MTN/MTN_Ghana.kml KML]
Tigo
Expresso Telecom Ghana

Kenya

{{see also|Telecommunications in Kenya}}
OperatorMapKML Summary
Access Kenya map
National Optical Fibre Backbone Infrastructure (NOFBI) [https://www.scribd.com/doc/61206393/National-Optical-Fibre-Backbone-Infrastructure-NOFBI-Routes-27-6-2011 map]
Safaricom
Kenya Data Networks map [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Kenya/KDN/KDN.kml kml]
Telkom Kenya
Jamii Telecom map
Kenya Power (formerly KPLC)
Airtel Kenya

Madagascar

OperatorMapKML Summary
Telecom Malagasy (Telma) map [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Madagascar/Telma/Telma_Madagascar.kml KML]

Malawi

OperatorMapKML Summary
Malawi Telecommunications Ltd (MTL) MTL appears to have completed its domestic fibre optic network in early 2012.[8]
Electricity Supply Corporation Of Malawi (ESCOM) Undated powerpoint presentation on Escom's network

Mali

OperatorMapKML Summary
Orange Mali [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/6092447867/ map] [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Mali/Orange_Mali/Orange_Mali.kml KML]
Sotelma / Malitel [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/6856874418/ map]
Gouvernement du Mali The Malian government has announced a 942 km fibre optic cable project which will link Bamako-Gao-Kidal-Tin-Zaoutière to the Algerian border and Gap-Ansongo-Labezanga to the border of Niger. This project is funded by a 45 million dollar loan from the Export-Import Bank of China.[9]

Mauritania

OperatorMapKML Summary
Mauritel [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/7407858514/ map] [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Mauritania/Mauritel/Mauritel.kml kml] In May 2011 Mauritel launched a fiber optic cable project linking the towns of Nouakchott and Kobonni[10]

Morocco

OperatorMapKML Summary
Maroc Telecom [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Morocco/National_Fibre_Backbone/National_FO_Backbone.kml KML] 60% of regional fibre network complete in 2010[11]

Mozambique

OperatorMapKML Summary
Telecomunicações de Moçambique (TDM) map [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Mozambique/TDM/TDM.kml kml]

Namibia

OperatorMapKML Summary
Telecom Namibia Ltd [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/7261267836/ map] [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/b5402db6e08f8ad541906fcea8a039d52369a7de/Namibia/TelecomNamibia.kml kml]
NamPower
Paratus AfricaVarious fiber projects deployed since 2011. Full FTTx deployment in various towns. Cross-country backhaul fiber from WACS (West Africa Cable Landing Station) through Namibia connecting various land-locked countries around Namibia.

Niger

OperatorMapKML Summary
Sonitel map [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Niger/Sonitel.kml kml]

Nigeria

OperatorMapKML Summary
Glo [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/9365263871/ map1] [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/9368097198/ map2]
Nitel
Phase3 Telecoms [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/9365246591/ map] [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Nigeria/Phase3/phase3.kml kml] Phase3 are building the West Africa One network, which is an aerial optic fibre transmission system which will run from Nigeria to Benin and Togo, possibly beyond.[12]
Suburban Telecoms
21st Century
MTN Nigeria
Multi-Links [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/6689279263/ map] Multi-Links has a terrestrial fibre optic network spanning 8,232 km in Nigeria.[13]

Rwanda

OperatorMapKML Summary
RwandaTel
MTN Rwanda
Rwanda Development Board [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/9365121573/ map] The physical deployment of the RDB's network was completed in January 2011.[14]

Senegal

{{see also|Telecommunications in Senegal}}
OperatorMapKML Summary
Sonatel [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/7407607844/ map] [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Senegal/Sonatel.kml kml]

Somalia

{{see also|Communications in Somalia}}
OperatorMapKML Summary
Somcable [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Somalia/SomCable.kml kml] Licensed with 25-years of exclusivity for Metro and Backbone fiber optic infrastructure building
Hortel Hortel announces link to Liquid Telecom[15]

South Africa

OperatorMapKML Summary
Telkom [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/6796997973/ map] Telkom is the dominant operator and has the largest fibre network in South Africa, covering approximately 143,000 km as per the 2011 annual report.[16]
Broadband Infraco map Broadband Infraco is a South African State Owned Entity (SOE) that is intended to participate in those segments of the telecommunications market and value chain that impede private sector development and innovation in telecoms services and content offerings. Broadband Infraco maintains a national long distance fibre optic network, providing high capacity telecommunication services between all major national metropolitan centres and being expanded to enable connectivity to reach smaller cities and rural areas[17]
Neotel map
Dark Fibre Africa (DFA) map [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/South_Africa/DarkFibreAfrica/DarkFibreAfrica.kml kml] Community Investment Ventures (CIV) and Venfin are the principal shareholders in DFA. ABSA Capital, who are a stakeholder in CIV via New GX Capital Holdings, also backs CIV. Shareholders in Dark Fibre Africa have granted the necessary approvals to adequately capitalize the company for the construction of a nationwide Dark Fibre Infrastructure. This funding will exceed R2Bn by 2013.[18]
Fibreco [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/6946143377/ map] [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/South_Africa/FiberCo/FiberCo.kml KML] Established in 2009 as an equal partnership between CellC, Internet Solutions and Convergence Partners, FibreCo aims to deploy a state-of-the-art fully managed long-haul fibre optic terrestrial network. FibreCo will develop infrastructure where necessary and leverage already available fibre networks and other relationships to provide the most efficient route combinations. FibreCo will offer a fully managed monitoring and maintenance service of the network on a 24/7 basis for its tenants. A range of additional value-added services will also be available, dependent on customer requirements.[19]
NLD Consortium A consortium made up of Neotel, MTN, and Vodacom are deploying a national fibre network in South Africa.[20]
BWired Announced in August 2011, BWired plans to invest USD600 million in regional fibre infrastructure[21]
Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa (PRASA) PRASA announces plans to lease excess fibre capacity[22]

Sudan

OperatorMapKML Summary
Sudatel map [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Sudan/Sudatel.kml kml]

Tanzania

{{see also|Telecommunications in Tanzania}}
OperatorMapKML Summary
National Information & Communication Technology Broadband Backbone (NICTBB) map and map [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Tanzania/NICTBB/NICTBB.kml kml] Funded by a soft loan from the Chinese government, the NICTBB is being built by the Tanzanian government and will be operated by the Tanzanian Telecommunications Company (TTCL)[23]
CTVFiber to the Building, Mainly in Dar es Salaam
Tanesco
Consortium A consortium of TIGO, Zantel, Vodacom and Airtel.
SimbaNETMetro fiber - Dar es Salaam
Raha / Liquid TelecommapMetro fiber - Dar es Salaam

Togo

OperatorMapKML Summary
Togo Telecom [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/7356716620/ map]

Uganda

{{unreferenced|section|date=June 2017}}{{see also|Communications in Uganda}}
OperatorMapKML Summary
Ministry of ICTs and National Information Technology Authority map [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Uganda/National_FO_Backbone.kml KML]
Uganda Telecom

Zambia

OperatorMapKML Summary
Zambia Telecommunications map
ZESCO map [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Zambia/ZESCO.kml kml]
Copperbelt Energy Corporation (CEC)

Zimbabwe

OperatorMapKML Summary
Africom
Liquid Telecoms [https://www.flickr.com/photos/ssong/5937366085/ map] [https://github.com/stevesong/afterfibre-kml/blob/master/Zimbabwe/LiquidTelecoms/LiquidZimbabwe4.kml kml]
Powertel map
TelOne

Notes

This list was initially developed as part of AfTerFibre,[24] a project to map terrestrial fibre optic cable projects in Africa. The project is sponsored by Google Africa and, on completion, will be hosted by the UbuntuNet Alliance. All information gathered by the project will be publicly available under an open license.

See also

  • List of international submarine communications cables
  • Central African Backbone
  • Kenya Data Networks
  • Telecommunications in Namibia
  • Internet in Ethiopia
  • Fiber to the premises by country
  • People's Republic of China – Ghana relations

References

1. ^{{cite news|title=Algeria completed its Algiers-Abuja optical fiber link section|url=http://news.dz.lesnews.tk/2011/05/algeria-completed-its-algiers-abuja.html|accessdate=9 September 2011|newspaper=Algeria News|date=2 May 2011}}
2. ^{{cite news|title=Trans-Kalahari Fibre Optic Project Complete|url=http://www.gazettebw.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1619%3Atrans-kalahari-fibre-optic-project-complete&catid=13%3Abusiness&Itemid=1|accessdate=12 August 2011|newspaper=Botswana Gazette|date=1 October 2008}}
3. ^{{cite news|last=Mogende|first=Modiri|title=Another fibre optic cable to rival BOFINET|url=http://www.gazettebw.com/?p=5588|accessdate=31 October 2013|newspaper=Botswana Gazette|date=17 October 2013}}
4. ^{{cite news|title=Cameroon Assesses CAB Project|url=http://www.balancingact-africa.com/news/en/issue-no-567/internet/cameroon-assesses-ca/en|accessdate=9 September 2011|newspaper=Balancing Act / Cameroon Tribune|date=12 August 2011}}
5. ^{{cite news|title=Camtel will install the Chadian fibre optic network|url=http://www.businessincameroon.com/telecom/2003-3149-camtel-will-install-the-chadian-fibre-optic-network|accessdate=12 March 2013|newspaper=Business in Cameroon|date=20 March 2012}}
6. ^{{cite news|last=Knutsen|first=Elise|title=Ivory Coast fibre optic network to boost growth - minister|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/07/20/ivorycoast-telecoms-idUSL6N0FP2EQ20130720|accessdate=25 July 2013|newspaper=Reuters|date=20 July 2013}}
7. ^{{cite news|title=Liquid Telecom Lays Fibre To The DRC And Connects DRC Mobile Operator To Southern African Regional Fibre Network And To WACS|url=http://www.liquidtelecom.com/blog/liquid-telecom-lays-fibre-to-the-drc-and-connects-drc-mobile-operator-to-southern-african-regional-fibre-network-and-to-wacs|accessdate=7 February 2013|newspaper=Liquid Telecom Press Release|date=13 November 2012}}
8. ^{{cite news|first=BiztechAfrica|title=MTL’s USD55m project successful|url=http://www.biztechafrica.com/article/mtls-usd55m-project-successful/1782/#.UkGv7rPqrbs|accessdate=24 September 2013|newspaper=Biztech Africa|date=21 January 2012}}
9. ^{{cite news|last=Addamah|first=Steven|title=Mali : Dans l’optique de la fibre optique|url=http://www.legriot.info/3160-mali-dans-l%E2%80%99optique-de-la-fibre-optique-%E2%80%A6/|accessdate=12 August 2011|newspaper=Le Griot|date=5 July 2011}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=Launch of fiber-optic cable project in Mauritania|url=http://www.icafrica.org/en/news/infrastructure-news/article/launch-of-fiber-optic-cable-project-in-mauritania-1955/|publisher=The Infrastructure Consortium for Africa|accessdate=12 August 2011}}
11. ^{{cite news|title=Maroc Telecom’s first phase of regional fibre backbone 60% complete|url=http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2010/02/26/maroc-telecoms-first-phase-of-regional-fibre-backbone-60-complete/|accessdate=24 May 2012|newspaper=Telegeography|date=26 Feb 2010}}
12. ^{{cite news|last=Oketola|first=Dayo|title=Phase3 Telecom, French firm in network expansion pact|url=http://www.punchontheweb.com/Articl.aspx?datex=07/12/2011&theartic=Art20110712064342|accessdate=8 September 2011|newspaper=Punch|date=12 Jul 2011}}
13. ^{{cite news|last=Zuor Jr.|first=Ben|title=Multi-links introduces lowest tariff with free calls|url=http://www.businessdayonline.com/NG/index.php/tech/78-computing/31483-multi-links-introduces-lowest-tariff-with-free-calls|accessdate=23 January 2012|newspaper=Business Day|date=3 January 2012}}
14. ^{{cite news|title=Rwanda: Fibre Optic Cable Rollout Complete|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201101060245.html|accessdate=12 August 2011|newspaper=allAfrica.com|date=6 January 2011}}
15. ^{{cite web|title=Somalia get first cross border fibre optic link|url=http://www.hortel.net/home.php?readmore=132|work=Hortel Hormuud Telecom Somalia|publisher=Hortel|accessdate=14 November 2013}}
16. ^{{cite news|title=Telkom aims to improve perceptions|url=http://www.iol.co.za/business/companies/telkom-aims-to-improve-perceptions-1.1053947|accessdate=29 October 2011|newspaper=Business Report|date=8 April 2011}}
17. ^{{cite web|title=Broadband Infraco Annual Report 2011|url=http://www.infraco.co.za/CorpProfile/Document%20Library/Broadband_Infraco_Annual_Report_2011.pdf|publisher=Broadband Infraco|accessdate=29 October 2011}}
18. ^{{cite web|title=About Dark Fibre Africa|url=http://www.dfafrica.co.za/about_dfa.php|accessdate=29 October 2011}}
19. ^{{cite web|title=FibreCo Project Update - 20 April 2011|url=http://www.fibreco.co.za/Userfiles/files/FibreCo_Project%20Update%20Release_20%20April%202011.pdf|accessdate=29 October 2011}}
20. ^{{cite news|last=Writer|first=Staff|title=First phase of MTN national fibre network live|url=http://mybroadband.co.za/news/telecoms/53975-first-phase-of-mtn-national-fibre-network-live.html|accessdate=18 July 2012|newspaper=MyBroadband|date=2 July 2012}}
21. ^{{cite web|title=New telecoms player to invest billions in fibre|url=http://www.techcentral.co.za/new-telecoms-player-to-invest-billions-in-fibre/25158/|publisher=TechCentral|accessdate=12 August 2011}}
22. ^{{cite news|last=Nyambura-Mwaura|first=Helen|title=South Africa's PRASA to lease excess fibre optic capacity|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/10/30/safrica-prasa-idUSL5N0IK1LZ20131030|accessdate=31 October 2013|newspaper=Reuters|date=30 October 2013}}
23. ^{{cite news|last=Mutarubukwa|first=Al-Amani|title=Tanzania: First Phase of ICT Broadband Backbone is Activated Nationwide|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201005270311.html|accessdate=12 August 2011|newspaper=allAfrica.com|date=27 May 2010}}
24. ^{{cite web|last=Song|first=Steve|title=AfTerFibre - Mapping Terrestrial Fibre Optic Cable Project in Africa|url=http://manypossibilities.net/2011/06/afterfibre-mapping-terrestrial-fibre-optic-cable-projects-in-africa/|publisher=ManyPossibilities.net|accessdate=12 August 2011}}

External links

  • [https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/afterfibre AfTerFibre Google Group]
  • AfTerFibre Map
  • Greg's Cable Map
  • African Undersea Cables
{{Africa topic|Telecommunications in}}

2 : Telecommunications companies of Africa|Optical telecommunications cables
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