请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 List of territorial entities where Tamil is an official language
释义

  1. Sovereign states

  2. Dependent entities

  3. Recognized as minority language

  4. Partially recognized and unrecognized territories

  5. Former territories resp. dependent entities where Tamil was an official language

  6. See also

  7. Notes

  8. References

The following is a list of sovereign states and territories where Tamil is an official language or language of government.

Tamil is the 20th most spoken language in the world. Tamil language speakers make approximately 1.06% of the world population. Tamil was one of the prominent languages of trade in the region during the pre-colonial era. Tamil mercantile guilds like Ainnurruvar were active in Southeast Asia, and there are Tamil inscriptions and coins found in parts of Asia and Africa such as in China, Cambodia, Egypt and Indonesia.[1]

During the 18th century, the British and French colonial rulers brought Tamils to many parts of Asia and Africa where many countries have sizeable number of Tamil speakers with significant cultural impact. There are more than 2,000,000 speakers of Tamil language in Malaysia itself. Tamil was recognized as a classical language by the Government of India and it is the first recognized classical language in India[2] and it is also one of the 22 official languages in India.[3]

Sovereign states

Countries where Tamil is an official language (de jure)
CountryRegionPopulation{{Ref|population|1Status
India}} Republic of India[3]Asia66,742,402[4]Sovereign State
Singapore}} Singapore[5] Asia188,591[6] Sovereign State
Sri Lanka}} Sri Lanka[7] Asia5,007,003[8] Sovereign State

Dependent entities

EntityCountryPopulationStatus
India}} Auroville[9] India 2,600}} Autonomous City of India
India}} Puducherry[10] India 1,244,464}} Union Territory of India
India}} Tamil Nadu[11] India 72,138,958}} State of India

Recognized as minority language

CountryPopulationNotes
South Africa}} South Africa250,000}} Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 - Chapter 1: Founding Provisions states "A Pan South African Language Board established by national legislation must promote and ensure respect for Tamil" along with other minority languages.[12]
Malaysia}} Malaysia1,800,000}} Malaysian government recognize Tamil as a minority language along with Chinese. The "national-type" school's medium of instruction is either in Tamil or Chinese.[13]
Mauritius}} Mauritius72,089}} Tamils are the first immigrants to Mauritius who were brought by French. Later British brought Tamils to fight with French and as a recognition, Tamil is being used on the currency of Mauritius.[14]

Partially recognized and unrecognized territories

EntityNotes
Tamil Eelam Claiming sovereignty over the North and Eastern Sri Lanka and Puttalam district as[15][16]
India}} Karaikal Claiming for a separate union territory in India.[17]

Former territories resp. dependent entities where Tamil was an official language

EntityCountryPopulationStatusNotes
India}} HaryanaIndia10,572State of IndiaTamil was once given nominal official status in Haryana but it was later replaced with Punjabi, in 2010.[18]

See also

  • Tamil population by cities
  • Tamil population per nation
  • Tamil Loanwords in other languages
  • Tamil language
  • Tamil people
  • List of languages by first written accounts
  • Tamil keyboard

Notes

1. ^{{cite web | url=http://archaeologyindia.com/tamilinscriptions.asp | publisher=Archaeology India | title=Tamil Inscriptions | quote=Tamil Inscriptions of Egypt and Thailand}}
2. ^{{Cite journal|last=Stein|first=Burton|date=1977-01-01|title=Circulation and the Historical Geography of Tamil Country|jstor=2053325|journal=The Journal of Asian Studies|volume=37|issue=1|pages=7–26|doi=10.2307/2053325}}
3. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.rajbhasha.nic.in/en/languages-included-eighth-schedule-indian-constution|title=Languages Included in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constution {{!}} Department of Official Language {{!}} Ministry of Home Affairs {{!}} GoI|website=www.rajbhasha.nic.in|access-date=2019-03-20}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/popu1.aspx|title=2001 Census of India|last=|first=|date=|website=National Portal of India|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}
5. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.moe.gov.sg/media/speeches/2000/sp24112000_print.htm | publisher=Ministry of Education, Government of Singapore | title=Education in a Multicultural Setting - The Singapore Experience | first=Aline | last=Wong | accessdate=2009-01-18 | date=2000-11-24 | quote=There are four official languages: English, Chinese, Malay and Tamil. | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080504182452/http://www.moe.gov.sg/media/speeches/2000/sp24112000_print.htm | archivedate=2008-05-04 | df= }}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.singstat.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/publications/publications_and_papers/cop2010/census_2010_release1/cop2010sr1.pdf|title=Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry, Republic of Singapore|last=|first=|date=|website=Census of population 2010|publisher=Department of statistics Singapore|access-date=}}
7. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.languagesdept.gov.lk/ | title=Language Dept Sri Lanka |quote=Tamil and Sinhala official language of Sri Lanka}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.statistics.gov.lk/PopHouSat/CPH2011/Pages/Activities/Reports/FinalReport/Population/Table%20A3.pdf|title=Census of Population and Housing of Sri Lanka, 2012|last=|first=|date=|website=Census of Population and Housing of Sri Lanka, 2012|publisher=Department of Census and Statistics-Sri Lanka|access-date=}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.auroville.org/contents/135|title=Auroville - A to Z|accessdate=2018-08-09}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lawsofindia.org/pdf/puducherry/1965/1965Pondicherry3.pdf|title=The Pondicherry Official Languages Act, 1965|accessdate=2018-08-09}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lawsofindia.org/pdf/tamil_nadu/1956/1956TN39.pdf|title=The Tamil Nadu Official Language Act, 1956|accessdate=2018-08-09}}
12. ^Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 - Chapter 1: Founding Provisions - South African Government
13. ^[https://unchronicle.un.org/article/national-identity-and-minority-languages National Identity and Minority Languages]
14. ^A Brief History of the Tamils of Mauritius
15. ^http://www.tibetsun.com/news/2013/07/31/india-creates-new-state-demand-for-smaller-states-rise
16. ^http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-may-have-50-states-if-all-demands-for-new-states-are-met/articleshow/21599282.cms
17. ^http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/14/stories/2005091404810300.htm
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-punjabi-edges-out-tamil-in-haryana-1356124|title=Punjabi edges out Tamil in Haryana|accessdate=2018-08-09}}

References

{{Reflist}}{{Countries and languages lists}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Territorial entities where Tamil is an official language}}

2 : Lists of administrative territorial entities by language|Tamil language-related lists
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/13 18:18:17