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词条 List of United States First Lady firsts
释义

  1. Martha Washington

  2. Abigail Adams

  3. Martha Jefferson Randolph

  4. Dolley Madison

  5. Louisa Adams

  6. Sarah Yorke Jackson

  7. Anna Harrison

  8. Letitia Tyler

  9. Priscilla Tyler

  10. Julia Tyler

  11. Sarah Polk

  12. Mary Todd Lincoln

  13. Julia Grant

  14. Lucy Hayes

  15. Frances Cleveland

  16. Caroline Harrison

  17. Edith Roosevelt

  18. Helen Taft

  19. Edith Wilson

  20. Florence Harding

  21. Grace Coolidge

  22. Lou Hoover

  23. Eleanor Roosevelt

  24. Bess Truman

  25. Mamie Eisenhower

  26. Jacqueline Kennedy

  27. Lady Bird Johnson

  28. Pat Nixon

  29. Betty Ford

  30. Rosalynn Carter

  31. Nancy Reagan

  32. Barbara Bush

  33. Hillary Clinton

  34. Laura Bush

  35. Michelle Obama

  36. Melania Trump

  37. See also

  38. References

  • This list lists achievements and distinctions of various First Ladies of the United States. It includes distinctions achieved in their earlier life and post-First Lady service.

There have been forty-two official First Ladies and forty-five First Ladyships. This discrepancy exists because some presidents remarried while in office and some weren't married so had no official First Lady.

Also note that First Ladies not recognized by the National First Ladies' Library listing include Martha Jefferson Randolph, Emily Donelson, Sarah Yorke Jackson, Angelica Van Buren, Priscilla Tyler, Mary McElroy, Rose Cleveland, Mary McKee, and Margaret Woodrow Wilson.

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Martha Washington

  • First First Lady.[1]
  • First First Lady to have a U.S. stamp honoring her.
  • First First Lady to have a U.S. military ship named in honor of her.
  • First First Lady to outlive her husband.

Abigail Adams

  • First First Lady to live in the White House.[2]
  • First First Lady to also be the mother of a president.
  • First First Lady to have been a Second Lady.
  • First First Lady to predecease her husband.

Martha Jefferson Randolph

  • First First Lady to give birth to a child in the White House.
  • First First Lady to not be the sitting president's wife. She was his daughter.

Dolley Madison

  • First First Lady given an honorary seat on the floor of Congress.[3]
  • First First Lady (and first American) to respond to a telegraph message.[3]
  • First First Lady to die at over eighty years old.

Louisa Adams

  • First First Lady born outside of the United States.[4]
  • First First Lady to have both houses of the United States Congress adjourn in mourning on the day of her funeral.[5]
  • First First Lady to be the daughter-in-law of another First Lady.

Sarah Yorke Jackson

  • First First Lady to have been born in the 19th Century
  • First First Lady to have a post first ladyship of 50 years.

Anna Harrison

  • First First Lady to be widowed while holding the title.[6]
  • First First Lady to be granted by law a pension as a president's widow.
  • First First Lady to be the grandmother of a president.
  • First First Lady to live over the age of 85.

Letitia Tyler

  • First First Lady to die in the White House.[7]

Priscilla Tyler

  • First First Lady to travel with the President as an official member of the Presidential party.

Julia Tyler

  • First First Lady to have been born in the 19th Century who was a president's spouse.
  • First First Lady to marry a President who was already in office at the time of the wedding.[8]

Sarah Polk

  • First First Lady to be photographed while in office.
  • First First Lady to serve as a secretary to the President.
  • First First Lady to have no children.
  • First First Lady to host an annual Thanksgiving dinner at the White House.

Mary Todd Lincoln

  • First First Lady to hold séances in the White House.[9]

Julia Grant

  • First First Lady recorded on film.[10]
  • First First Lady to write her memoirs.[10]

Lucy Hayes

  • First First Lady to earn a college degree.[11]
  • First First Lady to host an Easter Egg roll on the White House lawn.[9]

Frances Cleveland

  • First First Lady to marry in the White House.[12]
  • First First Lady to have a child in the White House.
  • First First Lady to preside at two nonconsecutive administrations.
  • First First Lady to remarry after widowing.
  • First First Lady to live for 50 years after leaving the White House.

Caroline Harrison

  • First First Lady to raise a Christmas tree in the White House.
  • First First Lady to be the granddaughter-in-law of another First Lady.

Edith Roosevelt

  • First First Lady to travel abroad while in office. [13]

Helen Taft

  • First First Lady to own and drive a car.[3]
  • First First Lady to ride in her husband’s inaugural parade.[3]
  • First First Lady to support women's suffrage.[3]
  • First First Lady to publish her memoirs.[3]
  • First First Lady to smoke cigarettes.[3]
  • First First Lady to successfully lobby for safety standards in federal workplaces.[3]

Edith Wilson

  • First First Lady to unofficially assume presidential functions.[9]

Florence Harding

  • First First Lady to vote.[3]
  • First First Lady to fly in an airplane.[3]
  • First First Lady to operate a movie camera.[3]
  • First First Lady to own a radio.[3]
  • First First Lady to invite movie stars to the White House.[3]

Grace Coolidge

  • First First Lady to earn a four-year undergraduate degree.[14]
  • First First Lady to speak in sound newsreels.[3]

Lou Hoover

  • First First Lady to make regular nationwide radio broadcasts.[15]

Eleanor Roosevelt

  • First First Lady to hold regular press conferences.[3]
  • First First Lady to write a daily newspaper column and to write a monthly magazine column.[3]
  • First First Lady to host a weekly radio show.[3]
  • First First Lady to speak at a national party convention (1940).[16]
  • First First Lady to be depicted as part of a presidential memorial (the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial).[17]
  • First First Lady to be the niece of a former President.

Bess Truman

  • First First Lady to live over 90, she lived {{age in years and days|1885|2|13|1982|10|18}}.

Mamie Eisenhower

  • First First Lady to initiate Halloween decorations to be put up in the White House.[18]

Jacqueline Kennedy

  • First First Lady to be born in the 20th Century.
  • First First Lady to hire a press secretary.[3]
  • First First Lady to hire a White House curator.[3]
  • First First Lady to win an Emmy Award.[12]
  • First First Lady to be Catholic.

Lady Bird Johnson

  • First First Lady to become a millionaire in her own right.

Pat Nixon

  • First First Lady to enter a combat zone.[19]
  • First First Lady to travel to Africa,[20] the People's Republic of China and to the Soviet Union.[21]
  • First First Lady to wear pants in public.[3][45]
  • First First Lady to address a Republican National Convention (1972).[22]

Betty Ford

  • First First Lady to admit having a drinking problem.

Rosalynn Carter

  • First First Lady to keep her own office in the East Wing.[3]

Nancy Reagan

  • First First Lady invited to address the United Nations General Assembly (which she did).[23]
  • First First Lady married to a divorcee.

Barbara Bush

  • First First Lady to live over 90 years while her husband was still living.
  • First First Lady to live to see a son become President.
  • First First Lady to die in the same year as her husband (She died on April 17, 2018 while her husband later died on November 30, 2018).

Hillary Clinton

  • First First Lady to earn a postgraduate degree.[24]
  • First First Lady to have her own professional career up to the time of entering the White House.[24]
  • First First Lady with an office in the West Wing.[25]
  • First First Lady to win a Grammy Award.[26]
  • First First Lady to be subpoenaed to testify before a Federal grand jury.[27]
  • First First Lady to run for and to win elected office (for senator for New York in 2000).[28]
  • First First Lady to march in an LGBT pride parade (2000).[29]
  • First First Lady to run for president (election in 2008).[3][30]
  • First First Lady to have served in the cabinet and be in the presidential line of succession, as Secretary of State.
  • First First Lady (and first woman) to be nominated for president by a major U.S. political party (specifically, the Democratic Party, in 2016).[31][28]
  • First First Lady (and first woman) to have won the popular vote in the United States Presidential Elections.

Laura Bush

  • First First Lady to give birth to twins.[3]
  • First First Lady to substitute for the President in the President's weekly radio address.[3]
  • First First Lady to have a mother-in-law who was also a First Lady while in office.

Michelle Obama

  • First First Lady to be African-American.[32]
  • First First Lady to attend an Ivy League university for her undergraduate degree. She majored in Sociology and minored in African American studies at Princeton University, graduating cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in 1985.[33][34][35]
  • First First Lady to announce the winner of an Oscar (Best Picture which went to Argo).[36]

Melania Trump

  • First First Lady not to have been born a citizen of the United States or in what would later become the United States. (Though Louisa Adams was born outside of the United States, she was the daughter of an American father - Joshua Johnson, the American Consul in London - and American citizenship was therefore her birthright.)[37][38] She naturalized in 2006.[39][40][41]
  • First First Lady to be born in Slovenia.
  • First First Lady to be fluent in five languages.[42] Besides Slovene, which is her native language, she speaks English, German, French and Italian.[43]
  • First First Lady to be a non-native speaker of English.[42]
  • First First Lady to fly in a V-22 Osprey aircraft[44]

See also

  • List of United States Presidential firsts

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=1 |title=Martha Washington Biography :: National First Ladies' Library |publisher=Firstladies.org |date= |accessdate=2015-07-07}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://m.deseretnews.com/top/3188/48/The-44-first-ladies-of-the-United-States-of-America.html |title=The 44 first ladies of the United States of America | Deseret News |publisher=M.deseretnews.com |date=2015-05-14 |accessdate=2015-07-07}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 {{cite web|url=http://www.firstladies.org/facinatingfacts.aspx |title=Little-known facts about our First Ladies |publisher=Firstladies.org |date= |accessdate=2015-07-07}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=6 |title=Louisa Adams Biography :: National First Ladies' Library |publisher=Firstladies.org |date= |accessdate=2015-07-07}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.history.com/topics/first-ladies/louisa-adams |title=Louisa Adams - First Ladies |publisher=HISTORY.com |date= |accessdate=2016-04-16}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/first-ladies/annaharrison |title=Anna Tuthill Symmes Harrison |publisher=whitehouse.gov |date= |accessdate=2015-07-07}}
7. ^[https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/first-ladies/letitiatyler Letitia Tyler-White House Biography]
8. ^Julia Gardiner Tyler-National First Ladies Library
9. ^1 2 {{Cite news |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/melania-trump-isnt-only-incoming-first-lady-break-norm-here-are-8-more-who-defied-white-house-704929 |title=Melania Trump isn't the only incoming First Lady to break the norm, here are 8 more who defied White House traditions |last=Sarkar |first=Asmita |date=21 November 2016 |work=International Business Times |language=en |access-date=16 December 2016}}
10. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=19 |title=Julia Grant Biography :: National First Ladies' Library |publisher=Firstladies.org |date= |accessdate=2015-07-07}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=20 |title=Lucy Hayes Biography :: National First Ladies' Library |publisher=Firstladies.org |date= |accessdate=2015-07-07}}
12. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.history.com/videos/first-ladies#first-ladies|title=First Ladies — History.com Video|date=|publisher=History.com|accessdate=2015-07-08|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150709124256/http://www.history.com/videos/first-ladies#first-ladies|archivedate=2015-07-09|df=}}
13. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8e20o_p6cwgC&pg=PA199|title=Life in the White House: A Social History of the First Family and the President's House|last=Watson|first=Robert P.|date=2012-02-01|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=9780791485071|language=en}}
14. ^{{cite web|title = Grace Coolidge Biography :: National First Ladies' Library|url = http://www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=31|website = www.firstladies.org|accessdate = 2015-05-18}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/first-ladies/louhoover |title=Lou Henry Hoover |publisher=whitehouse.gov |date=1944-01-07 |accessdate=2015-07-07}}
16. ^Goodwin, Doris Kearns (1994). No Ordinary Time. p. 10, 133. Simon & Schuster. {{ISBN|978-0-684-80448-4}}.
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://clinton2.nara.gov/WH/New/html/fdr.html|title=The White House / The National Archives|publisher=Clinton2.nara.gov|accessdate=2013-10-05}}
18. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.countryliving.com/entertaining/g460/vintage-halloween/?slide=75&src=arb_fb_d&mag=clv&dom=fb|title=What Halloween Was Like the Year You Were Born |access-date=October 12, 2016|last=Staff|first=Country Living|date=September 29, 2016|work=countryliving.com|publisher=Country Living}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=38|title=First Lady Biography: Pat Nixon|accessdate= 2007-08-15|year= 2005|publisher= The National First Ladies Library}}
20. ^Anthony, Carl Sferrazza (1991). First Ladies: The Saga of the Presidents' Wives and Their Power; 1961–1990 (Volume II). New York: William Morrow and Co., p. 196
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://nixonfoundation.net/news-details.php?id=780 |title=News Detail |publisher=Nixonfoundation.net |date= |accessdate=2015-07-07}}
22. ^{{cite news|title=The First Lady a Nation Never Knew: Pat Nixon in Private Taped Phone Calls & 100 Pictures on Her Centennial|url=https://carlanthonyonline.com/2012/03/16/the-first-lady-a-nation-never-knew-pat-nixon-in-private-taped-phone-calls-100-pictures-on-her-centennial/|work=Carl Anthony Online|date=16 March 2012}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=41 |title=Nancy Reagan Biography :: National First Ladies' Library |publisher=Firstladies.org |date= |accessdate=2015-07-07}}
24. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/biography/clinton-hillary/|title=Hillary Rodham Clinton |publisher=PBS |accessdate=December 2, 2014}} Clinton had the first postgraduate degree through regular study and scholarly work. Eleanor Roosevelt had been previously awarded a postgraduate honorary degree. Clinton's successor Laura Bush became the second First Lady with a postgraduate degree.
25. ^https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/06/us/politics/hillary-clintons-history-as-first-lady-powerful-but-not-always-deft.html
26. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LOzfQEP3H8AC&pg=PA40|title=Encyclopedia of Women in American Politics|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=1999|isbn=978-1-57356-131-0|pages=40–|author=Jeffrey D. Schultz}}
27. ^{{Cite news |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/arkansas/docs/recs.html |work=Frontline |title=Once Upon a Time in Arkansas: Rose Law Firm Billing Records |date=October 7, 1997}}
28. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/first-first-lady-to-win-elected-office/ |title=First first lady to win elected office |publisher=Guinness World Records |date= |accessdate=2015-07-07}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=https://medium.com/@natewhite11/why-hillary-s-experience-argument-actually-does-check-out-64cc9a439442#.swdfuutqn|title=Why Hillary’s experience argument actually does check out — Medium|date=|publisher=Medium.com|author=Nate White|accessdate=2016-06-28|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821202223/https://medium.com/%40natewhite11/why-hillary-s-experience-argument-actually-does-check-out-64cc9a439442#.swdfuutqn|archivedate=2016-08-21|df=}}
30. ^{{cite web|last=McGregor |first=Jena |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/on-leadership/wp/2015/03/06/is-hillary-clintons-challenge-that-shes-been-set-up-for-failure-or-for-success/ |title=Is Hillary Clinton’s challenge that she’s been set up for failure, or for success? |publisher=The Washington Post |date= |accessdate=2015-11-28}}
31. ^Alan Rappeport, Yamiche Alcindor & Jonathan Martin, [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/27/us/politics/dnc-speakers-sanders-clinton.html Democrats Nominate Hillary Clinton Despite Sharp Divisions], New York Times (July 26, 2016).
32. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/first-lady-michelle-obama |title=First Lady Michelle Obama |publisher=whitehouse.gov |date= |accessdate=2015-07-07}}
33. ^{{cite web|title=Michelle Obama|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/first-ladies/michelleobama|website=whitehouse.gov|language=en|date=2 January 2015}}
34. ^{{cite news|accessdate=January 22, 2008 |url=http://www.suntimes.com/news/metro/221458,CST-NWS-mich21.article |title=The woman behind Obama |author=Rossi, Rosalind |work=Chicago Sun-Times |date=January 20, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080215230648/http://www.suntimes.com/news/metro/221458%2CCST-NWS-mich21.article |archivedate=February 15, 2008 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
35. ^{{cite web|accessdate=May 18, 2008 |url=https://www.princeton.edu/main/academics/departments/|title=Academic Departments & Programs |publisher=The Trustees of Princeton University |year=2008}}
36. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/25/entertainment-us-oscars-michelleobama-idUSBRE91O07020130225|title=Michelle Obama surprises Oscars by presenting Best Picture award|accessdate=February 25, 2013|date=February 24, 2013|publisher=Reuters}}
37. ^{{cite book|last1=Harris|first1=Bill|last2=Ross|first2=Laura|date=March 4, 2009|title=The First Ladies Fact Book: Revised and Updated! The Childhoods, Courtships, Marriages, Campaigns, Accomplishments, and Legacies of Every First Lady from Martha Washington to Michelle Obama|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KpRfLDnY44gC&pg=PT233&dq=louisa+adams+citizenship&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj40uTis7bQAhWI6yYKHUkPCVYQ6AEILzAD#v=onepage&q=louisa%20adams%20citizenship&f=false|publisher=Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers|isbn=1579128092}}
38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.history.com/topics/first-ladies/louisa-adams|title=Louisa Adams - First Ladies|publisher=History.com|accessdate=November 19, 2016}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/11/09/politics/america-new-first-lady/|title=America, meet your new first lady|publisher=CNN|last=Diamond|first=Jeremy|date=November 10, 2016|accessdate=November 20, 2016}}
40. ^{{cite news|title=Melania to be 1st foreign-born First Lady since 1820s|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/melania-trump-to-be-1st-foreignborn-us-first-lady-since-1820s/article9324009.ece|accessdate=November 9, 2016|work=The Hindu|date=November 9, 2016}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-37924617|title=US election: Trump children - who is the new first family?|date=November 9, 2016|work=BBC News|accessdate=November 9, 2016}}
42. ^1 2 {{cite news|last1=Alexander|first1=Harriet|title=Who is First Lady Melania Trump - and how will she take to the role?|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/01/20/first-lady-melania-trump-will-take-role/|accessdate=4 April 2017|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=20 January 2017}}
43. ^{{cite news|last1=Puente|first1=Maria|title=What kind of first lady will Melania Trump be?|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/2016/11/09/what-kind-first-lady-melania-trump/93547736/|accessdate=4 April 2017|work=USA Today|date=9 November 2016}}
44. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.militarytimes.com/news/your-military/2018/12/12/melania-trump-thanks-troops-greets-children-in-virginia/|title=Melania Trump makes first lady history with ride in Osprey aircraft|last=Press|first=The Associated|date=2018-12-16|website=Military Times|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-27}}

2 : Lists of firsts|First Ladies of the United States
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