“Little Grill Collective”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Little Grill has been a restaurant in Harrisonburg, Virginia since the 1930s; before that it was a bathhouse for a nearby swimming pool. In the early 1980s, Christopher Boyer, working for then owner and "master chef" Maria Prytula—a Ukrainian-born artist and poet (d. 2012)^[2]—started renting the place out on weekend nights to present rock shows and theater. The restaurant's "hippified" atmosphere began during this period. Chris bought the restaurant in 1985 with blues musician and Little Grill cook, Bob Driver—at which point the diner became a full-service restaurant serving three meals a day, with live entertainment on the weekends. John Eckman bought out Boyer's share of the business in 1986, and he and Driver sold the restaurant to Tom Kildea in 1990. Kildea sold the restaurant to his former employee Ron Copeland in 1992.^[3]

Copeland introduced menu changes aimed at appealing to healthy-minded diners and vegetarians. He also removed from sale all products produced by multinational such as Coca-Cola, Anheuser-Busch, Miller, Coors, and Folgers from the restaurant.

Free Food For All Soup Kitchen

Copeland's initial contribution was a Free Food For All Soup Kitchen, which served hot, homemade noon meals at the diner without charge to "anyone in the world" every Monday from October 1992 on. This soup kitchen led to the long-term creation of Our Community Place^[4] which now exists in a former Salvation Army building across the street.

Worker-owned cooperative

When Copeland decided to sell the Grill, after feeling a religious calling to Christian seminary, individual employees he approached were not interested in buying. He considered some sort of group ownership, and began researching models found in The Cheeseboard Collective in Berkeley, California and the Mondragon cooperatives in the Basque region of Spain; key features of a collective being a vote for each owner, and share of profits apportioned according to labor input (not capital). In 2002, regular meetings began with Grill workers with an aim toward forming a worker-owned corporation—which would ultimately be called The Little Grill Cooperative. In June 2003, this new collective purchased the restaurant from Copeland, using what they called "community financing" to procure the down payment. Since then the collective aimed to work for localizing the food and creating what they regards as "a healthy work environment for a fulfilling job experience".^[3]

The video [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qkboh6rQKDM The Little Grill] was created by JMU students in November 2008, describing how the Little Grill Collective began.

Ownership

Little Grill Collective is a worker-owned, democratically-managed cooperative, where members have joined together to produce goods and/or services for sale. Each new worker-owner at Little Grill buys into the business to solidify ownership. Profits are distributed to the members "on the basis of patronage (buying at, working at or selling through the business)." Business control is exercised by membership on a one-member/one-vote basis.^[5]

The ratio of worker-owners to employees fluctuates regularly, generally being about half owners, half employees. Employees have the opportunity to become owners after working a minimum of 6 months. Coordinators are designated for many operational aspects of the restaurant such as: "arts and entertainment (music and art shows), back of house (kitchen systems and food ordering), financial (bills, payroll and taxes), front of house (training, dining room), human resources (schedule and hiring), human relations (evaluations, mediations), maintenance (building repairs, inspections), public relations (advertising), and retail foods (catering)." Coordinators have autonomy to make certain decisions and spend money without consulting with the group. Owners and employees "can get paid to work on" committees addressing any of these areas.^[6]

Membership meets twice a month to "go over our financial reports, check in with new hires, make announcements, introduce ideas, set the dates for other meetings, create committees, and make a wide range of decisions." A different owner is selected to "solidify the agenda and facilitate each meeting." Decisions are made "on a consensus basis . . with an 80% majority."^[6]

Current owners

Current worker-owners of Little Grill Collective as of April 2015 (date joined cooperative in parentheses):^[7]

Since October 1992, the menu has aimed at appealing to healthy-minded eaters and vegetarians. The restaurant serves beer and makes take-out meals available anytime they do not have a waiting list for service in the diner. A smartphone app launched September 2011 "allows users mobile access to the menu, blog updates and even trivia questions highlighting the eatery's history."^[1]

Breakfast

The Blue Monkey pancakes have inspired a T-shirt, featuring a blue monkey eating pancakes, for sale in the restaurant . ."^[9]

Lunch/Dinner

Lunch offerings included felafel and lemon tahini appetizer, made with homemade felafel balls and served with homemade lemon tahini dressing, Veggie Chef salad. Meals specials include Go Ask Alyce ("crisp homemade felafel with sauteed mushrooms"), Greek Alyce (with feta cheese), and Felafel in a Pita ("topped with diced tomatoes and lemon tahini dressing"). Special sandwiches include Tempeh Rueben, BBQ Tempeh, local, free-range chicken in BBQ sauce, and local organic hamburger. During the summer of 2015, the restaurant transitioned to offering a seasonally rotating lunch menu utilizing local ingredients in-season. The restaurant no longer serves dinner, but is open some evenings for special events or private parties.^[10]

Special nights

Prior to the summer 2015 menu transition, special menu nights at Little Grill happened on set days of the week. Tuesday was Mexi Night, Wednesday was Indian Night or Wildcard Special depending on the chef, Thursday was Breakfast Night, and Friday was Down Home Night/Southern Cookin'. Although the restaurant is no longer open nightly year-round, Mexi-Night is still offered Tuesday nights June through August.

The Little Grill takes part in the semiannual Taste of Downtown, a week-long event that features lunch and dinner specials at most downtown Harrisonburg restaurants who put together discounted menu offerings and combos as a promotional activity initiated by Harrisonburg Downtown Renaissance, a nonprofit revitalization group, in 2008.^[11]

Ingredients

Little Grill make all of their own pancake batters, biscuits, picante, Spanish rice, chili, etc. The ingredients are free from high-fructose corn syrup, trans fats, or rbgh growth hormones. As a vegan and trans-fat free butter alternative they use Earth Balance on the grill. They also make their own "soysage", a vegan sausage alternative, made from scratch, using whole soybeans, whole wheat flour, and a range of spices. They also offer a "Love Burger": a whole-grain vegetarian 'burger', spiced and grilled. At breakfast this is added to the "Love Omelet". Groovy Gravy, vegetarian and vegan gravy made from mushrooms, goes on top of honey wheat biscuits, potato cakes, or fried potatoes.

All bread products—wheat sub rolls; cinnamon swirl sourdough; wheat, white, and rye breads—are made by a local baker in Dayton, Virginia. Bagels are baked at a local bagel bakery. Free-range eggs come from a local poultry provider; meats are sourced locally. They source as much produce as they can from nearby businesses such as Muddy Bikes Urban Garden, Our Community Farm, and Radical Roots Community Farms.^[10]

Beverages

To replace such multinational brands as Coca-Cola, Anheuser-Busch, Miller, Coors, and Folgers, Little Grill uses natural and 'homemade' substitutes such as 'homemade lemonade' and 'homemade ginger lemonade'. Blue Sky provides the cream soda, Virgil's the root beer and cola, while diet sodas come from Zevia. Teas and coffee are all Equal Exchange.

They offer beers by the bottle with a local brewery and micro brewery focused selection.^[10]

Entertainment

Little Grill offered entertainment from local writing, performing, musical, and comedic talents—through a regular weekly open stage and special shows. Every Thursday night they would present an open mic for poets, storytellers, comics, and musicians, including students from James Madison University. Historically, the founders of both The Hackensaw Boys and Old Crow Medicine Show—Robert St. Ours, David Sickmen, Rob Bullington, Chris "Critter" Fuqua, Ketch Secor, etc.—met and performed at the Little Grill open mic.

Special shows include fundraisers for local organizations, dramatic works created by owner and open mic emcee Chris Howdyshell, and comedy. The first "Ha-Ha Fest" that occurred in February 2012 is a recent example of these.^[13] "The Girl Who Died Most Mysteriously", a play with original songs written by Little Grill worker/owner Chris Howdyshell, was performed October 2011—with his musical group The Dish Dogs backing "a local cast of non-actors."^[14]

Wednesday nights had previously been reserved for a game of bingo involving diners as players.

Venue

As a music Little Grill is noted for showing upcoming and popular local and regional acts, as well as more broadly known groups. Touring acts working their way down Interstate 81, perhaps from larger music markets up north such as Philadelphia or New York, to southern regions often stop in to perform. Local and regional acts which have appeared there include: The Hackensaw Boys, The Steel Wheels, and Joe Overton and the Clear Blue Sky. Many employees (and shared owners) of the Little Grill have been musicians, often appearing there themselves. Owner Chris Howdyshell, who emcees the weekly open mic and puts on special shows, has formed Red River Rollercoaster and The Dish Dogs—often performing on the Little Grill stage. He draws personnel from the Grill, such as Ashley Hunter and Joshua Vana. Past musicians who have worked there include Robert St. Ours (founder of The Hackensaw Boys), his brother Phillip St. Ours (founder of Pantherburn), Billy Brett and Terry Turtle (founders of Buck Gooter), Lara Mack and Kyle Oehmke (both members of The Dish Dogs). Others include Greg Ward and Nick Melas.

Three St. Ours brothers, Chris "Critter" Fuqua, and Ketch Secor founded the Route 11 Boys—precursor group to both The Hackensaw Boys and Old Crow Medicine Show. Secor has said, regarding the role of Little Grill open mic in his musical career, it was "really the first chance that . . (he and) Critter had to play on stage." Being "a bit younger" than the "college students at James Madison University who typically hung out there" Secor says "They knew that we had talent, but it was raw. I mean, I was up there beating on a jaw harp when I was 13."^[15]

It was at Little Grill Ketch first saw his "contemporary" Robert St. Ours—who later went on to found The Hackensaw Boys—singing and "he was so cool with his leather jacket and side burns. I knew that's what I wanted to do." Secor formed the Route 11 Boys with St. Ours and his brothers and performed often at Little Grill.

Non-local acts known more prominently outside the region have included [https://web.archive.org/web/20100713192449/http://www.andyfriedman.net/about.html Andy Friedman], Paul Curreri and his wife Devon Sproule, housemates Danny Schmidt and Carrie Elkin, Anais Mitchell, Mary Gauthier, Tony Furtado, The Two Man Gentlemen Band, The Wiyos, and Adrienne Young and Little Sadie,^[16] Of performing at Little Grill, Young has said: "Best show ever. The energy was so palatable (sic)."

Recording

The Little Grill venue has been used to record music. Previous owner Tom Kildea recorded his album Love Like Wood there in 1999.

MACRoCk

Little Grill serves as a venue each year for The Mid-Atlantic College Radio Conference (MACRoCk), joining other downtown Harrisonburg venues Artful Dodger, Blue Nile, Clementine, Court Square Theater, and Downtown 34 Music (in 2011).^[17]

Including workshops, panels, and a label exposition, this college radio festival is funded by grass-roots businesses.^[18]

Musical acts that performed during the 2011 festival at Little Grill included: Low Branches, Bison, Wailin' Storms, Spirit Family Reunion, Auld Lang Syne, Luke Saunders, and Cat Magic Co.^[19] The Daily News-Record describes MACRoCk as an . .

Fundraisers

Adrienne Young & Little Sadie performed June 27, 2008 'Buy Fresh, Buy Local' in support of FoodRoutes Network (FRN), a national non-profit organization that aims to support other localized groups that encourage sustainable agriculture and community-based food systems. Her group headlined at the annual Our Community Place Lawn Jam the following day.

Noted area musicians organized and performed in a fundraiser in support of local musician and luthier Steve Parks, from nearby Dayton, who had been diagnosed with inoperable cancer, in 2008. Performers included blues musician Bob Driver, former owner of the Grill; together they formed the musical group Parks & Driver.

Ketch Secor and Chris "Critter" Fuqua appeared there, together with Robert and Phillip St. Ours on January 14, 2012 to support Our Community Place.^[21] If Johnny St. Ours had not been filming a documentary elsewhere, they might have had a complete reunion of the Route 11 Boys—precursor group to both The Hackensaw Boys (which Robert St. Ours helped found) and Old Crow Medicine Show (which Secor and Fuqua helped found). This reunion was the first time that many of the original members of Route 11 Boys had performed together, and marked a return to Old Crow for Fuqua, a return to Harrisonburg for Secor, and a collective return to where it all began for all of them.

Having recently lost one of its original founders, the group had been going through a difficult time and was in need of a renewal. As Secor recounts:

Fuqua concurs that the "whole 'Ketch and Critter' tour" that year "was pretty special":

Adding to their nostalgic return were their previous band mates and friends: "Our good buddies from the Route 11 boys, the St. Ours brothers, Phillip and Robert Holy Bear, got on stage with us, and that sealed the deal. Heaven."^[22]

Awards, honors, and distinctions

Video

History