| 词条 | Liu Yazhou |
| 释义 |
|honorific-prefix = Air Force General |name = Liu Yazhou |native_name = 刘亚洲 |native_name_lang = zh-cn |image = |caption = |birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1952|10|19}} |birth_place = Fenghua County, Zhejiang Province, China |allegiance = {{Flag|China}} |branch = People's Liberation Army Air Force |serviceyears = |rank = Air Force General |commands = |unit = |battles = |awards = |spouse = Li Xiaolin[1] |children = 1 }}{{Chinese name|Liu}} Liu Yazhou ({{zh |s = 刘亚洲}}; born 19 October 1952) is a retired general of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF), and the political commissar of the PLA National Defence University from 2009 to 2017. He is known for his hawkish views on the defense and strategic posture he believes China should adopt. Background and careerLiu was born in 1952 in Fenghua, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. Liu Yazhou has been described as a "princeling": his father-in-law was a top military officer, and Li Xiannian, who once served as President of the People's Republic of China, was his father-in-law.[2] This privileged political pedigree gives him a greater platform for his views and opinions. His writings "have dazzled as well as upset his readers; supporters praise his boldness and insight, and detractors condemn his alleged militarism and demagoguery."[3] Liu has written novels and essays to both acclaim and controversy; he is unusual in China, as a prominent military figure, for his outspoken views and apparent violation of a number of taboos on political discourse.[3] At the same time, his prolific writing may have contributed in part to his rise through the ranks.[4] He leans on the sayings of former Chinese leaders to make indirect criticisms of Chinese Communist Party policies. Unlike many PLA officials, Liu has traveled much overseas, including serving as a visiting professor at Stanford University.[3] In 2010 Liu was promoted by deputy political commissar of the PLA Air Force, to political commissar of NDU, the premier academic and defense research institute in China. Prior to that Liu was the director of the political division of the Beijing Military Region, the political commissar of the Chengdu Military Region's Air Force, and the deputy political commissar of the PLA Air Force.[5] Comments on democracy and reformLiu Yazhou made headlines in the West in 2010 when he made a series of public remarks about democracy in China. "Democracy is the most urgent; without it there is no sustainable rise. Ideals of democracy are not restricted by national borders, or by historical ones," he said in August 2010, in an article in the Hong Kong magazine Phoenix Weekly.[2] Remarks like this led to Liu gaining a reputation as an "outspoken" and "reformist" general. "'If a system fails to let its citizens breathe freely and release their creativity to the maximum extent, and fails to place those who best represent the system and its people into leadership positions, it is certain to perish," he wrote.[2] In an alleged internal speech in August 2013, Liu argues that reforms in China are now in "deep water" and that the country can no longer "cross the river by feeling for stones," as Party patriarch Deng Xiaoping put it in the early period of growth of the 1990s. Liu suggests that further reforms require political change, and ultimately even competitive elections.[6] Hawkish stanceWhile Liu has made remarks that appear surprising in terms of supporting democracy and greater political openness, he has also been involved in strongly leftist propaganda, most notably the documentary film Silent Contest, which proposes that there is a monumental ideological battle currently taking place between the United States and China.[7] Liu's hawkishness can also differ from the more explicitly militarized claims of propaganda figures like Dai Xu and Zhang Zhaozhong. In an essay titled “The Grand National Strategy" written in the wake of the September 11 terrorist attack, Liu argued against taking advantage of the fallout of the attack to attempt to conquer Taiwan. He advocated "diplomacy over fighting," and suggested the exploitation of Taiwan's political system over strongarm tactics.[3] For this, analyst Alfred Chan calls him a "nationalist and a realist." Selected works
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Hongse quangui zhengzhi lianhun shengxing liu yazhou fuqi qiru shibada 红色权贵政治联姻盛行 刘亚洲夫妻齐入十八大|url=http://www.epochtimes.com/gb/12/8/27/n3668861.htm|publisher=Epoch Times|date=27 August 2012|accessdate=25 November 2016}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Liu, Yazhou}}2. ^1 2 {{Cite web |url = http://www.smh.com.au/world/china-must-reform-or-die-20100811-11zxd.html |title = China must reform or die |date = August 12, 2010 |accessdate = August 25, 2014 |work = Sydney Morning Herald |last = Garnaut |first = John}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web|url = http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=3891#.U_vw3PldV8E |title = A Young Turk in China’s Establishment: The Military Writings of Liu Yazhou |date = |accessdate = August 25, 2014 |website = China Brief |publisher = Jamestown Foundation |last = Chan |first = Alfred}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.eai.nus.edu.sg/BB702.pdf |title = XI JINPING AND HIS MILITARY TIES|date = 1 March 2012 |accessdate = August 29, 2014 |website = EAI Background Brief No. 702 |publisher = EAI |last = Bo |first = Zhiyua}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url = http://military.people.com.cn/n/2014/0607/c1011-25116142.html |title = 刘亚洲上将：我空军再次面临紧急关头 |date = 2014-06-07 |accessdate = August 30, 2014 |work = People's Daily |last = |first = }} 6. ^{{Cite web |url = http://www3.nd.edu/~pmoody/Text%20Pages%20-%20Peter%20Moody%20Webpage/Liu%20Yazhou.pdf |title = Internal Speech: NEW THINKING FOR CHINA’S POLITICAL REFORM |date = August 24, 2013 |accessdate = August 29, 2014 |publisher = Boxun |last = Liu |first = Yazhou}} 7. ^{{Cite news|url = http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/338390-us-is-the-enemy-says-chinese-military-documentary/|title = US Is the Enemy, Says Chinese Military Documentary |last = Lu |first = Chen |date = October 31, 2013 |accessdate = August 29, 2014 |publisher = Epoch Times}} 11 : Living people|1952 births|Li Xiannian family|People's Liberation Army generals from Zhejiang|People's Liberation Army Air Force generals|Writers from Ningbo|Stanford University faculty|People's Republic of China essayists|Educators from Ningbo|Wuhan University alumni|Political commissars of the Chengdu Military Region Air Force |
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