请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 Lockheed L-749 Constellation
释义

  1. Design and development

  2. Variants

  3. Specifications (L-749)

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. External links

{{short description|First version of Constellation with the ability to cross the Atlantic non-stop}}
name = L-749 Constellationimage = File:Lockheed L749A N6022C TWA Connie final.jpgalt = A Trans World Airlines L-749A at London's Heathrow Airport. Note the "Speedpak" under-fuselage freight container.caption = A Trans World Airlines L-749A at London's Heathrow Airport. Note the "Speedpak" under fuselage freight container.

}}{{Infobox aircraft type

type = Airlinernational origin = United Statesmanufacturer = Lockheed Corporationdesigner =first flight = March 14, 1947[1]introduced = April 18, 1947retired = 1993status =primary user = Trans World Airlinesmore users = Air France
KLM
Eastern Air Lines		[2]{{sfn>Breffort|2006|pp=40-45}}number built = 119program cost =unit cost =developed from = Lockheed L-649 Constellationvariants with their own articles = Lockheed C-121 Constellation
Lockheed PO-1W/WV-1 Constellation		developed into =
}}

The Lockheed L-749 Constellation is the first Lockheed Constellation to regularly cross the Atlantic Ocean non-stop. Although similar in appearance to the L-649 before it, the L-749 had a larger fuel capacity, strengthened landing gear, and eventually weather radar.

Design and development

In early 1947, the Lockheed Aircraft Corporation unveiled the L-749, a derivative of its L-649 Constellation with fuel tanks to increase its maximum range by {{convert|1000|smi}}. Due to the increased weight, the landing gear and tires had to be strengthened. Jet stacks were also introduced, increasing speed by {{convert|15|mph|km/h}}. These jet stacks increased the noise, requiring more insulation. As with the L-649, ten different layouts of the internal cabin were possible. Airlines originally attracted to the L-649 changed their orders to the L-749. The L-749 was to become the standard version of the regular Constellation.{{sfn|Breffort|2006|pp=40-45}}[3][4]

The L-749 first flew on March 14, 1947,[1] and received certification that same month. The first L-749 was delivered to Air France on April 18, 1947. Pan American World Airways received its first L-749 in June, and L-749 service began the same month on their "Round The World" service. The L-749 also entered service with various other airlines, including Trans World Airlines (TWA), KLM, Cubana de Aviación, Línea Aeropostal Venezolana and Avianca.

In March 1947, 1,200 jobs were lost at Lockheed, bringing production of the aircraft to a near stand-still. This was due to the end of military production from World War II bringing a reduction in the number of needed workers. A large order from the United States Air Force for 10 L-749As, designated C-121 Constellation, saved the Constellation program from cancellation. The United States Navy followed in, ordering two L-749As as PO-1Ws (later WV-1s). The first L-749A off the production lines were destined for the military.

Lockheed started producing the improved L-749A in 1949. It had a strengthened fuselage, further strengthened landing gear and a Plycor floor. This increased weight by over {{convert|4000|lbs}} and increased the MTOW. Slightly redesigned engine cowlings and new Curtiss Electric propellers were also introduced. Lockheed also offered a L-749 to L-749A conversion kit. The first civil customer for the L-749A was South African Airways but its largest customer was TWA, which had 26 L-749As; the last of these were not retired until 1967. A cargo version of the L-749A based on the military C-121A was offered, but no airlines showed interest and it never left the drawing board. An L-749B turboprop version was envisaged, but this too never left the drawing board as no reliable engine was found. Production of the L-749A ended in 1951 to give way to its stretched successor, the L-1049 Super Constellation.

Variants

{{Main|Lockheed Constellation variants}}
L-749

Standard production version, powered by four Wright R-3350-749C18BD-1 radial engines. 60 built.

L-749A

Reinforced structure and an increased MTOW. 59 built.

L-749B

Proposed turboprop version. None built.

L-849

Planned version of L-749 powered by Wright R-3350 TurboCompound engines.

L-949

Proposed Speedfreighter combi version of L-849 with an {{convert|18|ft|4|in|abbr=on}} fuselage stretch.{{sfn|Breffort|2006|pp=40-45}}

Specifications (L-749)

{{aircraft specifications
|plane or copter?=plane
|jet or prop?=prop


|ref=the American Museum of Aviation.[1]


|crew=6-8 (pilot, copilot, radio operator, engineer, and 2-4 flight attendants)
|capacity=60-81 passengers
|payload main=
|payload alt=
|payload more=
|length main= 97 ft 4 in
|length alt= 29.66 m
|span main= 123 ft
|span alt= 37.49 m
|height main= 22 ft 5 in
|height alt= 6.83 m
|area main= 1,650 sq ft
|area alt= 153.29 sq m
|airfoil=
|aspect ratio=
|empty weight main= 56,590 lbs
|empty weight alt= 25,669 kg
|loaded weight main=
|loaded weight alt=
|useful load main=
|useful load alt=
|max takeoff weight main= 107,000 lbs
|max takeoff weight alt= 48,534 kg
|more general=


|engine (jet)=
|type of jet=
|number of jets=
|thrust main=
|thrust alt=
|thrust original=
|afterburning thrust main=
|afterburning thrust alt=
|engine (prop)= Wright R-3350-749C18BD-1
|type of prop=radial engines
|number of props=4
|power main= 2,500 hp
|power alt= 1,864 kW
|power original=
|propeller or rotor?=propellor
|propellers=4
|number of propeller blades per engine=3
|propeller diameter main=
|propeller diameter alt=


|max speed main=
|max speed alt=
|max speed more=
|cruise speed main= 345 mph
|cruise speed alt= 555 km/h
|cruise speed more=
|stall speed main=
|stall speed alt=
|stall speed more=
|never exceed speed main=
|never exceed speed alt=
|range main=4,995 mi w/maximum fuel load
2,600 mi w/maximum payload
|range alt=8,038 km w/maximum fuel load
4,184 km w/maximum payload
|range more=
|combat radius main=
|combat radius alt=
|combat radius more=
|ferry range main=
|ferry range alt=
|ferry range more=
|endurance=
|ceiling main= 24,100 ft
|ceiling alt= 7345 m
|ceiling more=
|climb rate main=
|climb rate alt=
|climb rate more=
|sink rate main=
|sink rate alt=
|sink rate more=
|loading main=
|loading alt=
|thrust/weight=
|power/mass main=
|power/mass alt=
|more performance=


|armament=
|guns=
|bombs=
|rockets=
|missiles=
|hardpoints=
|hardpoint capacity=
|hardpoint rockets=
|hardpoint missiles=
|hardpoint bombs=
|hardpoint other=
|avionics=
}}

See also

{{Portal|Aviation}}{{aircontent
|related=
  • Lockheed Constellation
  • Lockheed L-049 Constellation
  • Lockheed C-69 Constellation
  • Lockheed L-649 Constellation
  • Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation
  • Lockheed C-121/R7V Constellation
  • Lockheed EC-121 Warning Star
  • Lockheed L-1649A Starliner

|similar aircraft=
  • Boeing 377 Stratocruiser
  • Bristol Britannia
  • Douglas DC-4
  • Douglas DC-6
  • Douglas DC-7
  • Ilyushin Il-18
  • Lockheed L-188 Electra
  • Republic XF-12 Rainbow
  • Vickers Viscount

|lists=
  • List of Lockheed aircraft
  • List of models of the Lockheed Constellation
  • List of Lockheed Constellation operators

}}

References

Citations
1. ^1 2 The American Museum of Aviation - Lockheed L-749 Technical Specifications; Retrieved 9/6/11
2. ^US Warplanes - C-69/C-121; Retrieved 9/6/11
3. ^Lockheed Constellation Survivors - L649/L749 Constellation; Petersen, Ralph M.; Retrieved 9/6/11
4. ^California Classic Proliners - Lockheed Constellations; Gibson, Tom; Retrieved 9/6/11
Bibliography
  • {{cite journal|last=Breffort|first= Dominique|title=Lockheed Constellation: from Excalibur to Starliner Civilian and Military Variants|journal= Histoire and Collecions,|year=2006|location= Paris, France|publisher= Print|isbn=2-915239-62-2|ref=harv}}.

External links

{{Commons|Lockheed Constellation}}
  • Lockheed Constellation Survivors - A website that explains information and whereabouts of surviving Constellations of all variants, including the L-749 Constellation.
{{Lockheed aircraft}}{{Lockheed Constellation family}}

7 : Lockheed aircraft|United States airliners 1940–1949|Four-engined tractor aircraft|Low-wing aircraft|Lockheed Constellation|Aircraft first flown in 1947|Four-engined piston aircraft
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/12 0:19:19