| 词条 | Long Run (Nescopeck Creek tributary) |
| 释义 |
| name = Long Run | source1_location = southern side of a ridge in Butler Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania | mouth_location = Nescopeck Creek in Butler Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|41.02729|-76.00591|region:US-PA|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | progression = Nescopeck Creek → Susquehanna River → Chesapeake Bay | length = {{convert|3.0|mi|km|abbr=on}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|1300|ft|m|abbr=on}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|958|ft|m|abbr=on}} | basin_size = {{convert|4.62|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = one unnamed tributary | tributaries_right = one unnamed tributary }} Long Run is a tributary of Nescopeck Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately {{convert|3.0|mi|km}} long and flows through Butler Township.[1] The watershed of the stream has an area of {{convert|4.62|sqmi|km2}}. Land uses in the watershed include forested land, agricultural land, and barren land. The waters of the stream are slightly acidic, but this is not caused by acid mine drainage. It is considered to be Class A Wild Trout Waters, a Coldwater Fishery, and a Migratory Fishery. The stream has two unnamed tributaries and at least one bridge crosses it. CourseLong Run begins on the southern side of a ridge in Butler Township. It flows west-southwest for several tenths of a mile before crossing Interstate 80 and turning south. After some distance, the stream receives an unnamed tributary from the left and turns west for a few hundred feet. It then receives another unnamed tributary from the right. After this, the stream turns southeast and passes through a large pond before turning southwest. After a few tenths of a mile, it turns west and reaches its confluence with Nescopeck Creek.[1] Long Run joins Nescopeck Creek {{convert|23.80|mi|km}} upstream of its mouth.[2] HydrologyLong Run is slightly acidic, with a pH of 6.6. The total concentration of alkalinity in the stream's waters is 4 milligrams per liter and the total concentration of water hardness is 21 milligrams per liter. The specific conductance of the water is 192 micro-mhos. The specific conductance of the stream is nearly twice as high as that of any other major headwater tributary of Nescopeck Creek.[3] Long Run is not affected by acid mine drainage.[3] Geography and geologyThe elevation near the mouth of Long Run is {{convert|958|ft|m}} above sea level.[4] The elevation of the stream's source is approximately {{convert|1300|ft|m}} above sea level.[1] Long Run is one of the major tributaries of Nescopeck Creek.[3] Several rock formations occur in the vicinity of the watershed of Long Run. These include the Mauch Chunk Formation, the Sphechty Kopf Formation, and the Pocono Formation.[3] WatershedThe watershed of Long Run has an area of {{convert|4.62|sqmi|km2}}.[2] The mouth of the creek is in the United States Geological Survey quadrangle of Sybertsville, but the source is in the United States Geological Survey quadrangle of Freeland.[5] The watershed of the stream is in the north-central part of the Nescopeck Creek watershed and is on the edge of that watershed.[3] The watershed of Long Run contains approximately {{convert|100|mi|km}} of local roads and approximately {{convert|15|mi|km}} of state roads.[3] This is equal to 12 percent of all the roads in the Nescopeck Creek watershed.[3] Of the sub-watersheds of Nescopeck Creek, only the watershed of the main stem, the Black Creek watershed, and the Little Nescopeck Creek watershed contain more roads.[3] 13 percent of the watershed of Long Run is on agricultural land. This is more than any other sub-watershed of Nescopeck Creek except for the watershed of the main stem (24 percent) and the watershed of Little Nescopeck Creek (30 percent).[3] Approximately 90 percent of the land within {{convert|100|ft|m}} of Long Run is forested. The remainder of the land is agricultural land or barren land, with agricultural land being more common. However, the riparian buffer of the stream is less complete {{convert|500|ft|m}} away than it is {{convert|100|ft|m}} away.[3] HistoryLong Run was entered into the Geographic Names Information System on August 2, 1979. Its identifier in the Geographic Names Information System is 1179893.[5] The stream, along with several dozen other streams in Pennsylvania, was investigated by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection with the aim of giving it Class A Wild Trout Waters status as early as May 26, 2012.[6] A concrete culvert bridge was built over Long Run in 2002. It carries State Route 3040 and St. Johns Road and is {{convert|23.0|ft|m}} long.[7] A bridge over the stream was replaced at some point. A two-lane temporary road was temporarily installed at the site while the bridge was being replaced.[8] BiologyLong Run is considered by the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission to be Class A Wild Trout Waters between its headwaters and its mouth.[22] It is also considered to be a Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery throughout its entire drainage basin.[9] The stream is inhabited by brook trout.[10] See also
References1. ^1 2 {{Citation|author=United States Geological Survey |url=http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/ |title=The National Map Viewer |accessdate=November 21, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/66gupqQDM?url=http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/ |archivedate=April 5, 2012 |df= }} 2. ^1 {{Citation|url = http://www.lycoming.edu/cwi/pdfs/paGazetterOfStreams.pdf|title = Pennsylvania Gazetteer of Streams|page = 92|date = November 2, 2001|accessdate = November 21, 2014}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{Citation|author = Pennsylvania State University|url = http://water.psu.edu/cws/picts%5Ccws%5Cnc%5Ccws2002_nescopeck_report.pdf|title = Nescopeck Creek Watershed Stewardship Report|date = Spring 2002|accessdate = November 21, 2014}} 4. ^{{Citation|url=http://www.topozone.com/states/Pennsylvania.asp?county=Luzerne&feature=Stream&f=50 |title=Topographic Map Stream Features in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania |accessdate=November 21, 2014 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20140714190727/http://www.topozone.com/states/Pennsylvania.asp?county=Luzerne&feature=Stream&f=50 |archivedate=July 14, 2014 }} 5. ^1 {{Citation|author = Geographic Names Information System|url = http://gnis.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=136:3:0::NO:3:P3_FID,P3_TITLE:1179893,Long%20Run|title = Feature Detail Report for: Long Run|accessdate = November 21, 2014}} 6. ^{{Citation|publisher = Pennsylvania Bulletin|url = http://www.pabulletin.com/secure/data/vol42/42-21/981.html|title = NOTICES Stream Redesignation Evaluations; Water Quality Standards Review [42 Pa.B. 3027] [Saturday, May 26, 2012]|date = May 26, 2012|accessdate = November 21, 2014}} 7. ^{{Citation|url = http://uglybridges.com/pa/luzerne/|title = Luzerne County|accessdate = November 21, 2014}} 8. ^{{Citation|author = Larson Design Group|url = http://www.larsondesigngroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/Transportation-SOQ-Larson-Design-Group.pdf|title = Transportation Qualifications|page = 24|year = 2013|accessdate = November 21, 2014}}{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 9. ^{{Citation|publisher = Pennsylvania Bulletin|url = http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter93/s93.9k.html|title = § 93.9k. Drainage List K. Susquehanna River Basin in Pennsylvania Susquehanna River|accessdate = November 21, 2014}} 10. ^1 {{Citation|author = Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission|url = http://fishandboat.com/classa.pdf|title = Class A Wild Trout Waters|page = 25|date = December 16, 2013|accessdate = November 21, 2014}} 3 : Rivers of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania|Tributaries of Nescopeck Creek|Rivers of Pennsylvania |
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