“Lorenzo Scott”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Lorenzo Scott was born in 1934 in West Point, Georgia. Scott is a contemporary self-taught artist whose work began to be recognized in the United States in the late 1980s.

Biography

Lorenzo Scott was born on July 23, 1934 in the small, bustling mill village and railroad hub of West Point, Georgia. When his mother, who worked in the fields supplying cotton to the local mills, lost her job during the Depression, the family moved to Atlanta in search of work.^[1]

One of eleven children, Lorenzo tells of a time in his youth when he first saw his mother make a sketch, and knew even at an early age that he wanted to be able to draw like that. Though Scott attended public school until the tenth grade, he admits to being more interested in drawing than schoolwork.^[2] "I've been sketching all my life since I was about five," he said, "I got my study lookin' at the museum."^[3]

In his youth, Lorenzo's family lived across the street from a Southern Baptist church where they were active members. Here the young Lorenzo developed the lifelong devout Christian faith that underpins both his art and his life. He often tells stories of extraordinary events that have occurred in his life which stem from his strong faith. In one such story, he reflects on a time when as a child he would observe the comings and goings of churchgoers across the street, and how after observing a funeral gathering at the church, he asked his mother "how come people had to die." He thought if he stayed awake, he wouldn't die, so one night he got his mom to let him stay up all night. Hear the story [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xD4v8H5PdkU%20 in his own words here].^[4]

As a young man, Scott worked as a house painter and in construction, and did not make his first oil painting until the age of twenty-five. It was another twenty years, after he visited New York in 1968 and discovered the paintings of the old masters at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, before he was recognized as a serious artist.^[5] So enamored with the paintings of the Renaissance Italian artists, Scott spent hours by himself studying their techniques and style, poring over the images he found both in books, and in the museums, then experimenting with oil glazing, composition, and learning how to balance color and contrast. According to Karen Towers Klacsmann, curator for research at the Morris Museum of Art and organizer of the Lorenzo Scott Exhibition in 2007, "The path that Scott chose is similar in many ways to a guild apprenticeship in the medieval, Renaissance, or Baroque eras with one distinct difference -- there was no master artist to guide him during his term of apprenticeship. With a talent for drawing, acute observation, and an iron will, he looked to actual paintings to silently reveal the methods and techniques of artists who had produced spectacular works of art hundreds of years ago."^[2]

As Mr. Scott tells it, "In 1968, I went to New York. I seen them peoples painting on canvas on the street and I went to see the Metropolitan Museum of Art. I thought, that what I need to do ... paint. So I went back and started painting on canvas. It was hard. I keep cussing an' tryin'. When I got back to Atlanta, I'd go to museums downtown like the High Museum to look at the antique paintings, see how they did the oils. Then I'd go back an' study how they do the eyes an' the nose. I wore that place out!"^[3]

Finding an outlet for his paintings was a struggle for Mr. Scott until one night a turning point came in the form of a vision. "I was comin' from a construction job. I got so tired an', on that Sunday night, a light came on my bed. Sure did! First it came an' it went away. I kinda race up outta the bed, then it came again an' got real bright around my bed, an' that's how in the beginning my paintings started sellin'. It was like the Lord was talkin' to me. I thought I was goin' to heaven when I saw that light and I was happy and I feel myself jumpin' in the bed. Then I found out later that it wasn't just my body jumpin', it was my spirit too. For some reason or other, somethin' was happenin' there that day. It tol' me where to look at. And then my paintings started selling. I sold a painting to a guy for little or nothing. He sold it to someone an' he tried to find me. An one day I was handin' out flyers and he saw one and he called me. It's strange how my name got to his door. He bought a couple more pictures from me an' came back later and brought somebody else with him."^[3]

Discovery

Two Atlanta art collectors and an Atlanta gallery owner were important in the discovery and early sales of Lorenzo Scott's art. While living in East Point where he rented a house on Dill Avenue (which Mr. Scott fondly refers to as his "Dill Avenue Gallery"), he was able to hang his art on the walls, so that it could be shown and sold. Atlanta collectors William "Bill" Arnett came to the Dill Avenue location and took a number of paintings off the wall and placed them on the floor to be purchased. He bought a magnificent piece of painted furniture. These works would eventually become part of his [https://web.archive.org/web/20121101013713/http://www.soulsgrowndeep.org/about/ Soul's Grown Deep] project created to introduce the work of "so-called folk or outsider artists of the black American South [which] were a coherent cultural movement and constituted a crucial chapter in world art."^[8]

At some time near or after the Arnett purchases, Bert Hunecke learned about Mr. Scott and visited the Dill Avenue location. He was so struck with the art that he agreed to buy the entire inventory in the house. Mr. Hunecke was instrumental in getting several of Mr. Scott's paintings into the Smithsonian and High Museums.

Also, one day in the late 1980s, the gallery owner Mark Karleson "discovered" Mr. Scott hawking his paintings on the streets of Atlanta, and decided to exhibit some of the artist's work in his Modern Primitive Gallery. Scott was, however, accustomed to selling his work directly "for cash" and did not use a consignment method that most galleries prefer. Karelson would buy the paintings directly, then sell them at the gallery to a variety of collectors. One of the most important sales was of a large number of paintings to the House of Blues Art Collection.^[9]

Work

Scott's paintings often address religious and visionary subject matter, in addition to the more secular themes: rural landscapes, African American children, and occasional social and/or political issues.

He paints both large- and small-scale work in oil on canvas or wood, through a process he has developed himself after years of experimentation. Much of his life, he has worked out of his house, though for several years he maintained a small studio in Decatur, Georgia, where he would create his own frames as well as the paintings. His "elaborate, gold-leaf, Renaissance style" frames are an essential element of his work, says Lynne Browne, Senior Correspondent for the Folk Art Messenger. He once described the process of constructing them for her: "The frames take a long time. I get some lumber from Home Depot, some Bondo [car body repair material], spray paint - Pittsburgh quick-dry gold enamel. I use this jigsaw to cut out all the shapes. I use sticks, old pencils, little screwdrivers and other things to make lines on the Bondo. The frame is a work of art." Browne, in turn, noted the "gentleness" in Scott's treatment of his subject matter: "Scott reveals a careful attention to process, in his meticulous layering of oil pigments, and also in the finishing touch of the amazing hand-built, sculptured frames that complement each one of his paintings. I think of the Italian Renaissance masters when I study his work."^[10]

Kathy Moses, in her book Outsider Art of the South, makes the point that Scott's fascination for the methods and iconography of the Old Masters is not simple repetition: "He goes beyond those stylistic and cultural antecedents to create something highly individual. Through visual immersion with Renaissance Italian examples and repeated experimentation, he determinedly taught himself the technique of oil glazing, how to compose forms on a plane, and how to balance color and contrast. He applies oil in thin glazes on canvas or wood panel to achieve the solemn serenity of the fourteenth-century Italian Giottoesque portraits and figures and the Catholic themes dealing with Christ's life and the Madonna. His depictions are aesthetically quite refined."^[11]

Mr. Scott has been called "a self-taught genius,"^[12] and his work Lazarus was referred to as "one of the museum's treasures" in the Treasures of American Folk Art from the Museum of American Folk Art.^[13] His work has been exhibited in over 40 American museums and is included in the permanent collections of the Smithsonian Institution’s American Art Museum in Washington, D.C., the American Folk Art Museum in New York, the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, the [https://www.tubmanmuseum.com/ Tubman African American Museum] in Macon, and the Morris Museum of Art in Augusta.

Exhibitions

Lorenzo Scott's work has been widely exhibited in museums (and similar public spaces), including one-person, theme, group, and traveling exhibitions including:

o 1997 Chicago Cultural Center and Intuit, The Center for Intuitive and Outsider Art

o 2000 Kalamazoo Institute of Arts, Kalamazoo, MI (Traveling Exhibition, 2000 -2004)

o 2001 Marsh Art Gallery, University of Richmond Museums, Richmond, VA (Traveling Exhibition, 2001 - 2002)

o 2002 The Arkansas Arts Center, Little Rock, AR (Traveling Exhibition 2002-2005)

o 2012 Heaven+Hell exhibition, February 10 – June 30, Intuit, Chicago, IL (The art from the "Hell half" of the exhibition)

o 2012 Heaven+Hell exhibition, February 10 – June 30, Loyola University Museum of Art, Chicago, IL (The art from the "Heaven half" of the exhibition)

o American Folk Art Museum, New York City (Gift of Jane and Bert Hunecke) (Promised gift of Harvie B. and Charles l. Abney, P9.2000.1)

o Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington DC (2 works, gifts of Bert and Jane Hunecke)

Lorenzo Scott's work has also been shown in many commercial galleries, collections, internet sites and exhibitions including:

o Sacred Art Pilgrim (Internet museum of sacred art found at: http://sacredartpilgrim.com/)

Further reading

Books, Articles, Catalogs

Arnett, P. and W. Arnett (executive eds.). 2000. Souls Grown Deep: African American Vernacular Art of the South. Volume One: The Tree Gave the Dove a Leaf. Lorenzo Scott. p. 358-359. Tinwood Books, Atlanta, GA.

Browne, L. 2000. A Conversation with Lorenzo Scott. Folk Art Messenger. 13:8-9.

Hunecke, B. and M. Chepp. 1993. An Unexpected Orthodoxy: The Paintings of Lorenzo Scott. Springfield Museum of Art. Springfield, IL. (Out of Print)

Hollander, Stacey C. and Brooke Davis Anderson. 2001. American Anthem – Masterworks from the American Folk Art Museum. Lorenzo Scott: The Dining Room Lady (color) p. 280; description, p. 401. American Folk Art Museum in association with Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers. New York.

Klacsmann, Karen Towers. 2007, four page exhibition brochure in color for "Beyond This World – Painting of Lorenzo Scott", July 14-September 9, 2007, Morris Museum of Art, Augusta, GA.

Kogan, L. and B. Cate. 1994. Treasures of American Folk Art, Lorenzo Scott. p. 107. Museum of American Folk Art. Abbeville Press, New York, NY.

Manoguerra, Paul (organizer). 2007. Amazing Grace -- Self-Taught Artists from the Mullis Collection. Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, (Exhibition at the Georgia Museum of Art, September 29, 2007 - January 6, 2008, 159 pages with 90 plates in color)

Two Lorenzo Scott paintings are illustrated in color, each on full pages: Day in the Park 1996 (Page 118, Plate 69) and Baptism of Jesus 1996 (Page 119, Plate 70).

Moses, K. 1999. Outsider Art of the South. Lorenzo Scott. p. 178-182. Schiffer Publishing Ltd. Atglen, PA.

Patterson, Tom. 2001. Contemporary Folk Art – Treasures from the Smithsonian American Art Museum. Watson-Guptill Publications, New York. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Lorenzo Scott: Baptism of Jesus, p. 86-87.

Rosenak, Chuck and Jan Rosenak. 1996. Contemporary American Folk Art – A Collector's Guide. Lorenzo Scott. p. 168-169 (also see the color illustration of Jim, Tammy and Jesus on page 143)

Schomberger Center for Research in Black Culture and Exhibitions International. 2001. Testimony: Vernacular Art of the African-American South: The Ronald and June Shep Collection. Lorenzo Scott. p. 136-137. Harry N. Abrams, Inc. New York, NY.

Sellen, B.-C. and C. J. Johnson. 1993. 20th Century American Folk, Self Taught, and Outsider Art. Lorenzo Scott. p. 259, 412-413. Neal-Schuman Publishers, Inc., New York, NY.

Tarbell, Molly and Jan Petry (curators). Heaven + Hell, exhibition catalog, February 10 – June 30, Intuit, Chicago, IL (The art from the "Hell half" of the exhibition) and Loyola University Museum of Art (LUMA), Chicago, IL (The art from the "Heaven half" of the exhibition), 32 pages. It includes color photographs of two Lorenzo Scott paintings. The postcard announcing the exhibition featured a color photograph of a third Lorenzo Scott painting "God Expelling the Devil from Heaven".

Two Lorenzo Scott paintings are illustrated in color in the catalog, and a third painting was features in color on the postcard sent to announce the exhibitions.

University of Richmond Museums. 2001. Point of View: American Folk Art from the William and Ann Oppenheimer Collection. Lorenzo Scott. p. 57, 64. University of Richmond Museums, Richmond, VA.

Video, Musical CD Cover, and Smithsonian Museum CD-ROM

Musical CD (2 disks) by the Indigo Girls. The cover art is Lorenzo Scott's Jesus Christ Arisen from the Dead.

Kansas City Public Television, Rare Visions and Roadside Revelations -- Peaches, Beaches, Gators and Grits, 2005. DVD, six complete episodes, one episode featured Lorenzo Scott; five other episodes featured other southern artists.

27 minute color video produced by Susan Bull, Photography (Atlanta, Georgia) of the program January 9, 2003 at Kennesaw State University. The video featured talks by Ted Oliver and Lorenzo Scott and was at the opening of the exhibit "Black Folk Art of the American South" – works from the collection of Ann and Ted Oliver, January 9 – February 12, 2013.

http://web.kennesaw.edu/news/stories/kennesaw-state-will-present-exhibition-black-folk-art

Klacsmann, Karen Towers, VHS tape of Beyond This World – Paintings of Lorenzo Scott lecture given in conjunction with the Morris Museum of Art, by the Curator for Research Karen T. Klacsmann, and Lorenzo Scott Project Director Jim Farmer, August 16, 2007. Exhibition dates, July 14 - September 9, 2007. There is an accompanying CD with 24 of her Power Point slides that were shown during the program.

Interactive CD-ROM highlighting 900 of the "most important works in the collection", including Scott's Baptism of Jesus. Smithsonian Institution American Art Museum, Washington, DC.

Documentary made from a video shot in 2005 at the Who Fest outsider artist fair at the Spruill Gallery outside of Atlanta. It can be viewed on YouTube (Published November 11, 2012): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jIhwv0w09mI

Full-feature documentary of Lorenzo Scott, 65 minutes. Produced by the Lorenzo Scott Project, completed November, 2013. http://lorenzo-scott-project.org/Lorenzo/Documentary.html

Excerpt of video interview with Lorenzo Scott made at Jim Farmer's home, Atlanta, GA, on March 3, 2013. It can be viewed on YouTube (Published March 28, 2013): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GGZXwNhHtRs

18 minute VHS format tape made by Mr. Scott and given to Jim Farmer March 9, 2002. It was made at his home on IRA Street. Mr. Scott narrates and plays music in the background from a tape that Jim Farmer gave him of the annual Christmas concert of the Atlanta Symphony and Chorus. He had taken Mr. Scott to the Woodruff Center to see this program of Christmas music and song.

He had also taken Mr. Scott to the High Museum to see the traveling retrospective exhibition of artist Nellie Mae Rowe. At the exhibition there was a video of the artist and her art that had narration and background music. Mr. Scott may have had this as the inspiration for the elaborate tape that he made some time later. Jim Farmer provided him with books and information about the artist Andy Warhol who may have also been an influence for the elaborate tape he made.

34 minute VHS format tape put together from 4 individual tapes, three of which were originally made by Mr. Scott. The first tape is tape 6 coded "11 Alive – Folk Fest 2000," recorded in the summer of 2000 from Channel 11 ("11 Alive") an Atlanta TV station. It featured Steve Slotin talking about Folk Fest and Lorenzo Scott talking about his art and Bondo frames. The next three tapes were coded as Lorenzo Scott tape 1, Lorenzo Scott tape 3, and Lorenzo Scott tape 4.

External links

References

1. ^Scott, Lorenzo, in personal interview with collector Jim Farmer, Stone Mountain, Georgia, March 4, 2013.
2. ^¹²Klacsmann, Karen, "Beyond this World: Paintings by Lorenzo Scott." The Morris Museum of Art Gallery Guide. http://www.tfaoi.com/aa/7aa/7aa802.htm, July 2007, accessed on March 5, 2013.
3. ^¹²Moses, Kathy, Outsider Art of the South. Schiffer Reference Book for Collectors. April 1999.
4. ^Scott, Lorenzo, in personal interview at "Who Fest" with Alison Watkins and Dara Kam, Atlanta, Georgia, September 2005.
5. ^Galerie Bonheur, Lorenzo Scott, http://www.galeriebonheur.com/american/lorenzoscott/lorenzoscott.htm, accessed on March 9, 2013.
6. ^Jim Farmer, Ph.D., Director of the Lorenzo Scott Project, personal correspondence, March 9, 2013.
7. ^Charles Vess and Karen Shaffer, curators, "Ancient Spirit, Modern Voice" Art Exhibition. http://www.mythicjourneys.org/passages/newsletterp6.html. May 2004, accessed March 2013.
8. ^Phillip March Jones. Souls Grown Deep Foundation {{cite web |url=http://www.soulsgrowndeep.org/about/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-04-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101013713/http://www.soulsgrowndeep.org/about/ |archivedate=2012-11-01 |df= }}, accessed April 2013.
9. ^Jim Farmer, Ph.D., Director of the Lorenzo Scott Project, personal correspondence, November 11, 2013.
10. ^Browne, L. A Conversation with Lorenzo Scott. Folk Art Messenger. 13:8-9, 2000.
11. ^Moses, K., Outsider Art of the South. Lorenzo Scott. p. 178-182. Schiffer Publishing Ltd. Atglen, PA, 1999.
12. ^Doc Lawrence, Piedmont Review 20(8):19-20, 2001.
13. ^Lee Kogan and Barbara Cate, Treasures of American Folk Art from the Museum of American Folk Art, 1995.