| 词条 | Lou Walters |
| 释义 |
Lou Walters (1896 – 15 August 1977) was an American booking agent, theatrical producer and the founder of the famed Latin Quarter nightclub in New York. His daughter Barbara Walters became a famous television journalist. Early lifeLou Walters was born in London in 1896[1] to Isaac Abrahams and Lillian Schwartz.[2] He was one of 7 children, and the eldest son.[2] As a child, he lost one of his eyes, and thereafter wore a glass eye.[3] Isaac Abrahams was a tailor, and during a strike in the clothing business in 1906, he moved the family to Belfast. Three years later, Isaac and his sons moved to New York, with his wife and daughters following seven months later. There, the family changed their surname to Walters.[4] Lou Walters found a job working as an office boy at a vaudeville booking office, and soon began booking acts himself. By his early 20s, Walters had opened his own booking agency in Boston, Massachusetts. His business originally booked only vaudeville acts, but as the popularity of vaudeville declined, he branched out to book acts into nightclubs and supper clubs.[5] According to the memoir of his daughter Barbara, Walters discovered comedians Fred Allen and Jack Haley.[6] Walters was not an imposing man, standing at only 5'4 and weighing about 125 lbs.[5] In 1920, he married Dena Seletsky in Boston.[7] Over the next ten years, they had three children: Burton, who died of pneumonia as a toddler, Jacqueline, who had a mental disability (died from ovarian cancer in 1988), and Barbara, a television journalist and anchor.[5][11] Latin QuarterIn 1937, Walters opened his first nightclub, Latin Quarter, with a partner, E.M. Loew.[5][13] The venture took his entire savings; on opening night he had only 63 cents to his name. The club was very successful, and within three years was grossing more than $500,000 per year. Walters moved his family to Miami Beach, Florida, where he took over the Palm Island Club from Earl Carroll and relaunched it as another Latin Quarter.[5] Two years later, in 1942, Walters opened a Latin Quarter nightclub on Times Square in New York City. The club was extremely popular, and in its first year grossed over $1.5 million. Over 5 million people visited the nightclub during its first ten years in operation.[5] Walters's nightclubs were known for their luxurious atmosphere and good food. Walter once told an interviewer that "'It's a popular fallacy in this business ...to say that your money is made or lost in the kitchen. The man who goes to a nightclub goes in a spirit of splurging, and you've got to splurge right along with him.'"[5] The nightclubs offered three shows per evening, each featuring some of the top talent of the time, including Milton Berle, Frank Sinatra, Mae West, and Mickey Rooney, mixed with performances by chorus girls.[5][8] The chorus girls were cast after auditions in London, Paris, and major cities in the United States. The dancers were skimpy costumes designed by leading fashion designers, including Erté.[8][11] During this time, Walters branched into producing theatrical shows. In 1943, Walters produced a successful revival of the Zeigfeld Follies on Broadway, which ran for 553 performances.[9] He produced two other Broadway shows, Artists and Models, and Star Time, but neither were popular.[5] Cafe de ParisWalters sold his share of the Latin Quarter chain to Loew in 1956 for $500,000.[5][10] He was convinced that he could recreate his success with a new chain of clubs called Cafe de Paris.[5] He opened the first in Miami in 1957. A combination of poor national economy and unusually frigid Miami winter resulted in a sharp decline in the number of tourists who visited Miami that year. The Miami club failed to attract enough visitors and closed after its first season.[10] A second version of the Cafe de Paris opened in New York in May 1958, in the former Arcadia Ballroom. It was the largest nightclub in New York, able to seat twelve hundred people.[10] Both of the Cafe de Paris locations were very close to the existing Latin Quarter nightclubs. Loew won an injunction that prevented Walters from advertising his ownership of either of the Cafe de Paris nightclubs.[11] Although opening week was successful, the club was too large, and the rent too high, for Walters to cover his expenses. Facing bankruptcy, Walters attempted suicide in June 1958.[12] His family covered this up, convincing the press that Walters had only had a heart attack.[13][5] Following his release from the hospital, Walters moved his family back to Miami. All of their assets in New York were seized to pay creditors.[14] Walters was also sued by New York for failing to pay income or payroll taxes while he operated the Cafe de Paris. The court case lasted two years, and Walters began missing court appearances, claiming he did not have the funds to travel to New York. A judge issued a warrant for his arrest. According to the memoir of Walters' daughter Barbara, she contacted her friend, powerful attorney Roy Cohn, to let him know about the charges, and within a week the charges were dropped and the case was settled.[15] Las VegasIn Miami, Walters regained his equilibrium. The Hotel Deauville hired him to produce their nightly shows. That work led to an offer from the Tropicana Las Vegas to manage their stage shows as Entertainment Director.[16] At the Tropicana, he introduced the Folies Bergère to Las Vegas.[5] This was the first time the Folies had been licensed outside of Paris.[17] This became the longest running theatrical production in the world.[8] Walters later produced entertainment for the Casino de Paris in Lake Tahoe, Nevada.[5] In 1965, Walters returned to managing the Latin Quarter chain, now as an employee rather than owner.[11][9] Death and legacyWalters retired in 1967.[11] He died of a heart attack in 1977.[5] In 1978, the Boston Center for the Arts named a rehearsal hall for Walters.[18] In 2006, New York City renamed a street near the old Latin Quarter nightclub "Lou Walters Way".[19] Notes1. ^Bloom, p. 549. 2. ^1 Walters, pp. 8-9. 3. ^Walters, p. 7. 4. ^Walters, p. 10. 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 {{citation|last=Calta|first=Louis|title=Lou Walters, Nightclub Impresario and Founder of Latin Quarter, Dies|newspaper=The New York Times|date=August 16, 1977|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/08/16/archives/lou-walters-nightclub-impresario-and-founder-of-latin-quarter-dies.html|accessdate=January 23, 2019}} 6. ^Walters, p. 13. 7. ^Walters, p. 8. 8. ^1 2 3 {{citation|last=Brown|first=Joseph|title=The Latin Quarter Nightclub|newspaper=South Beach Magazine|date=May 16, 2004|url=https://www.southbeachmagazine.com/latin-quarter-nightclub|accessdate=January 23, 2019}} 9. ^1 Bloom, p. 550. 10. ^1 2 Walters, p. 88. 11. ^Walters, p. 89. 12. ^Walters, p 91. 13. ^Walters, p. 92. 14. ^Walters, p. 93. 15. ^Walters, p. 103. 16. ^Walters, p. 102. 17. ^{{citation|title=One Costume, "Sexier than Ever"|publisher=Nevada Public Radio|url=https://knpr.org/knpr/2015-08/one-costume-sexier-ever|accessdate=January 23, 2019|date=November 25, 2008}} 18. ^1 2 3 4 {{citation|last=Jennes|first=Gail|title=Back in Boston for a Tribute, Barbara Walters Recalls the 'Ups' and 'Downs' with Her Dad|newspaper=People|date=December 4, 1978|url=https://people.com/archive/back-in-boston-for-a-tribute-barbara-walters-recalls-the-ups-and-downs-with-her-dad-vol-10-no-23|accessdate=January 23, 2019}} 19. ^{{citation|last=Paumgarten|first=Nick|title=Still Kicking|date=May 8, 2006|newspaper=The New Yorker|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/05/08/still-kicking|accessdate=January 23, 2019}} References
3 : American theatre managers and producers|1896 births|1977 deaths |
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