“Lower Manair Dam”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

In July 30, 2016 tornado placed in lower manair dam . It is placed about above half an hour . As per the meteorology tornado is a violently rotated column of the air that rotates while in contact with the both earth surface and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of the cumulus cloud. They are often referred to as twisters or some times cyclones..

The Lower Manair Dam also known as LMD^[2] was constructed across the Manair River, at Alugunur village, Thimmapur mandal, Karimnagar District, in the Indian state of Telangana during 1974 to 1985. It provides irrigation to a gross command area of {{Convert|163000|ha}}.^[2]

Location

The Lower Manair Dam is located on the Manair River at 18°24' N latitude and 79° 20' E longitude in Karimnagar District at Km.146 of Kakatiya Canal. The Manair River is a tributary of the Godavari River and the dam is built across the river at the confluence with Mohedamada River. The dam drains a catchment area of {{Convert|6464|km2}} which includes {{Convert|1797.46|km2}} of free catchment and the balance is intercepted catchment.^[3]^[4] Karimanagar town is {{Convert|6|km}} away from the dam.^[6]

In the vicinity of the LMD which is the only place of recreation for the people of Karimnagar, in the light of recent drowning incidents and the insecurity created by hooligans, security measures have been stepped up.^[5]

Features

Lower Manair Dam's construction was started in 1974 and commissioned in 1985. It is an Earth cum Masonry dam. The dam height above the deepest foundation is {{Convert|41|m}}; the maximum height of the earth dam is {{Convert|88|ft}}. The dam length is {{Convert|10471| m}}, top width is {{Convert|24|ft}}. It has a volume content of 5.41 million cum with a reservoir water spread area of {{Convert|81|km2}} at FRL of 920.00 ft. The gross storage capacity of the reservoir is 680 million cubic meter and the live storage capacity is 380.977 million cum. The spillway is designed for discharge of capacity {{Convert|14170|m3}}/ second (and is controlled by 20 gates^[6] of {{Convert|15.24|x|7.31| m}} size,^[4] while the maximum observed flood discharge is reported to be {{Convert|9910|m3}}/second.^[3]^[7]

The storage behind the dam serves as a balancing reservoir for the Kakatiya Canal and regulates flow for irrigation.^[8] The command area for irrigation is {{Convert|163000|ha}}.

The water quality status of the Lower Manair Reservoir was studied from September 2009 to August 2010 for the physico- chemical parameters such as water temperature, pH, turbidity, transparency, total dissolved solids, total hardness, chlorides, phosphate, nitrates, dissolved oxygen (DO) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). The results indicated that all parameters of water quality were within permissible limits and it was concluded that the water in the reservoir was fit for use for irrigation, drinking water supply and pisciculture.^[9]

Reservoir fisheries

Studies were conducted in the LMD reservoir from June, 2013 to May, 2014 to identify the larvivorous activity of fishes. On the basis of morphometric and meristematic characters, the 58 fish species are identified in the reservoir. Also reported were 53 ornamental fish species comprising eight orders; of these 23 species belong to cypriniformes order. Awaous grammepomus, also called Scribbled goby was also identified.^[10]

See also

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=India: National Register of Large Dams 2012|url=http://www.cwc.gov.in/main/webpages/NRLD%20FORMAT%202012.pdf|publisher=Central Water Commission|accessdate=26 August 2014}}
2. ^{{cite book|author=Howard White|title=An Impact Evaluation of India's Second and Third Andhra Pradesh Irrigation Projects: A Case of Poverty Reduction with Low Economic Returns|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PPOLULSQXtkC&pg=PA13|year=2008|publisher=World Bank Publications|isbn=978-0-8213-7543-3|pages=13–}}
3. ^¹{{Cite web|url=http://karimnagar.nic.in/lowermanair.html|title=Lower Manair Dam|publisher=National Informatics Center}}
4. ^¹{{Cite web|url=http://www.nih.ernet.in/rbis/india_information/GODAVARI_projects.htm|title=Major Water Resources Development Projects in the Godavari Basin Lower Manair Reservoir|publisher=Hydrology and Water Resources Information System for India}}
5. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/authorities-step-up-vigil-at-lower-manair-dam/article7249972.ece|title=Authorities step up vigil at Lower Manair Dam|date=27 May 2015|newspaper=The Hindu}}
6. ^¹{{Cite web|url=http://telanganatourism.gov.in/nk-lower-manair-dam.html|title=Lower Manair Dam|publisher=Department of Tourism, Government of Telangana}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.cwc.gov.in/main/webpages/NRLD%20FORMAT%202012.pdf|format=pdf|title=National Register of Large Dams|work =Andhra Pradesh Sr. no. 121|publisher=Central Water Commission}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.aponline.gov.in/apportal/departments/departments.aspx?dep=20&org=256&category=about|title=Sriramsagar Project Stage 1|publisher=Official web site of Government of Andhra Pradesh}}
9. ^{{Cite web|last1= Medudhula |first1= Thirupathaiah|last2= Ch. |first2= Samatha|last3= Chintha |first3= Sammaiah |url=http://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:ijes&volume=3&issue=1&article=017|title=Analysis of water quality using physico-chemical parameters in lower manair reservoir of Karimnagar district, Andhra Pradesh|year=2012|publisher=International Journal of Environmental Sciences}}
10. ^¹{{Cite web|url=https://seafoodsolutions.wordpress.com/2014/11/20/856/|title=Rare fish species found at Lower Manair Dam in Karimnagar (reported from Deccan Chronicle|date=20 November 2011|publisher=Seafood Solutions}}