请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 Low-speed pre-ignition
释义

  1. Impact on engine design

  2. Potential solutions

  3. References

  4. Further reading

  5. External links

Low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI), also known as stochastic pre-ignition (SPI),[1] is a pre-ignition event that occurs in gasoline vehicle engines when there is a premature ignition of the main fuel charge.[2] LSPI is most common in certain turbocharged direct-injection vehicles operating in low-speed and high-load driving conditions.[3]

LSPI events are random and infrequent, and their effects on impacted vehicles can include very high-pressure spikes, loud knocking noises and sometimes catastrophic engine damage.[4]

Impact on engine design

Automakers use engine downsizing to help improve vehicles’ fuel efficiency and reduce emissions, and use turbocharger technology to recover power lost in the downsizing process.[5] The presence of LSPI limits automakers’ ability to capture the full potential of turbocharged engines to meet increasing fuel-efficiency requirements[1] and to further reduce carbon-dioxide emissions.[6]

Updated oil-performance standards are taking shape to address LSPI. General Motors’ next-generation dexos1 specification, scheduled for release in 2015, will include an engine test based on a GM 2.0-liter four-cylinder Ecotec that will test for LSPI.[7] The proposed ILSAC GF-6 standard will also include a test for oil-related LSPI events in gasoline direct-injection engines based on a Ford 2.0 L four-cylinder Ecoboost engine.[8]

Potential solutions

Researchers have been unable to pinpoint a single root cause for all LSPI instances.[9] However, tests involving the use of engine oils have shown engine oils can be formulated to prevent LSPI while maintaining the oil’s basic performances.[10]

The Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) launched the two-year Preignition Prevention Program (P3) consortium in 2011 aimed at understanding the source of LSPI and working towards developing a standardized test for lubes / fuels [11] The consortium's objectives included examining the interaction between fuel and oil in LSPI events, understanding how hardware design could be used to help mitigate LSPI, and identifying fluids that can help reduce LSPI occurrences.[12]

The oil additive industry is also looking at using engine oil additives to suppress LSPI while retaining the fuel-saving benefits of existing engine technologies.[13]

References

1. ^1 {{cite journal | author1 = Chapman, E. | author2 = Davis, R. | author3 = Studzinski, W. | author4 = Geng, P. | title = Fuel Octane and Volatility Effects on the Stochastic Pre-Ignition Behavior of a 2.0L Gasoline Turbocharged DI Engine | journal = SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. | volume = 7 | issue = 2 | pages = 379–389 | year = 2014 | doi = 10.4271/2014-01-1226}}
2. ^{{cite web|title=Aggressive engine downsizing held back by low-speed preignition problems?|url=http://www.autoblog.com/2010/10/15/aggressive-engine-downsizing-held-back-by-low-speed-preignition/ | publisher = Auto Blog|accessdate=2015-02-02}}
3. ^{{cite journal | author1 = Okada, Y. | author2 = Miyashita, S. | author3 = Izumi, Y. | author4 = Hayakawa, Y. | title = Study of Low-Speed Pre-Ignition in Boosted Spark Ignition Engine | journal = SAE Int. J. Engines | volume = 7 | issue = 2 | pages = 584–594 | year = 2014 | doi = 10.4271/2014-01-1218}}
4. ^{{cite book |title= Engine Testing: The Design, Building, Modification and Use of Powertrain Test Facilities|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8xW85EAKkKwC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA397#v=onepage&q&f=false | author1 = Anthony Martyr | author2 = Michael Alexander Plint | publisher = Elsevier | year = 2012 | isbn = 0080969496 | format = Google Books excerpt}}
5. ^{{cite web|title=Aggressive engine downsizing held back by low-speed preignition problems?|url=http://www.autoblog.com/2010/10/15/aggressive-engine-downsizing-held-back-by-low-speed-preignition/=Auto Blog|accessdate=2015-02-02}}
6. ^{{cite web|title=SwRI to Launch Low-Speed Preignition Prevention Program (P3) Consortium|url=http://www.greencarcongress.com/2010/10/p3-20101007.html= Green Car Congreess|accessdate=2015-02-02}}
7. ^{{cite web|title=GM’s Global Engine Oil Specification dexos®|url= http://www.calact.org/assets/Mike%20Kershaw.ppt= Calact|accessdate=2015-02-02}}
8. ^{{cite web|title=PC-11 and GF-6: New engines drive change in oil specs|url=http://www.stle.org/resources/articledetails.aspx?did=1671=STLE|accessdate=2015-02-02}}
9. ^{{cite journal | doi = 10.4271/2014-01-2688| title = A Comparative Low Speed Pre-Ignition (LSPI) Study in Downsized SI Gasoline and CI Diesel-Methane Dual Fuel Engines| journal = SAE International Journal of Engines| volume = 7| issue = 4| pages = 1931| year = 2014| last1 = Zaccardi| first1 = Jean-Marc| last2 = Serrano| first2 = David}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=F+L Week 2014 Conference & Exhibition |url=https://fuelsandlubes.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/FL-Week-2014-Souvenir-Program.pdf Fuels and Lubes|accessdate=2015-02-02}}
11. ^{{cite web|title=SwRI to Launch Low-Speed Preignition Prevention Program (P3) Consortium|url=http://www.greencarcongress.com/2010/10/p3-20101007.html= Green Car Congreess|accessdate=2015-02-02}}
12. ^{{cite web|title=Pre-ignition Prevention Program Consortium |url=http://www.swri.org/4org/ae/pppconsortium/default.htm= Southwest Research Institute|accessdate=2015-02-02}}
13. ^{{cite web| author = Afton Chemical | title=The Holistic Approach to Engine Oil Performance|url=http://www.slideshare.net/AftonChemical/afton-chemical-lspi-holistic-solutions |accessdate=2015-02-02 | year = 2014}}

Further reading

  • {{cite book | doi = 10.4271/2013-01-2569| chapter = Investigation of Engine Oil Effect on Abnormal Combustion in Turbocharged Direct Injection - Spark Ignition Engines (Part 2)| title = SAE Technical Paper Series| volume = 1| series = SAE Technical Paper Series| year = 2013| last1 = Hirano| first1 = Satoshi| last2 = Yamashita| first2 = Minoru| last3 = Fujimoto| first3 = Kosuke| last4 = Kato| first4 = Katsuyoshi}}

External links

  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=8xW85EAKkKwC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA397%20-%20v=onepage&q&f=false Low-Speed Pre-Ignition (LSPI) or "Super-Knock"]
  • Southwest Research Institute Pre-ignition Prevention Program{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
  • Obama Administration Finalizes Historic 54.5 mpg Fuel Efficiency Standards

2 : Engine fuel system technology|Engine problems
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/11 5:46:27