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词条 Shot put
释义

  1. History

     Legal throws  Foul throws  Regulation misconceptions 

  2. Competition

     Weight 

  3. Putting styles

     Glide  Spin  Usage 

  4. Types of shots

  5. World records

  6. Continental records

  7. All-time top 25 shot putters

     Men  Notes  Non-legal marks  Women  Notes 

  8. Olympic medalists

     Men  Women 

  9. World Championship medalists

     Men  Women 

  10. World Indoor Championships medalists

     Men  Women 

  11. Season's bests

     Men  Women 

  12. See also

  13. Notes and references

  14. External links

{{Infobox athletics event
|event= Shot put
|image=
|caption= Polish double Olympic champion Tomasz Majewski
|WRmen= {{flagicon|USA}} Randy Barnes 23.12 m (1990)
|ORmen= {{flagicon|USA}} Ryan Crouser 22.52 m (2016)
|WRwomen= {{nowrap|{{flagicon|URS}} Natalya Lisovskaya 22.63 m (1987)}}
|ORwomen= {{flagicon|GDR}} Ilona Slupianek 22.41 m (1980)
}}

The shot put (pronounced {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ʃ|ɒ|t|_|p|ʊ|t}}) is a track and field event involving "putting" (pushing rather than throwing) a heavy spherical object—the shot—as far as possible. The shot put competition for men has been a part of the modern Olympics since their revival in 1896, and women's competition began in 1948.

History

Homer mentions competitions of rock throwing by soldiers during the Siege of Troy but there is no record of any dead weights being thrown in Greek competitions. The first evidence for stone- or weight-throwing events were in the Scottish Highlands, and date back to approximately the first century.[1] In the 16th century King Henry VIII was noted for his prowess in court competitions of weight and hammer throwing.[2]

The first events resembling the modern shot put likely occurred in the Middle Ages when soldiers held competitions in which they hurled cannonballs. Shot put competitions were first recorded in early 19th century Scotland, and were a part of the British Amateur Championships beginning in 1866.[3]

Competitors take their throw from inside a marked circle 2.135m (7.004593176 ft) in diameter, with a stopboard about {{convert|10|cm|in}} high at the front of the circle. The distance thrown is measured from the inside of the circumference of the circle to the nearest mark made on the ground by the falling shot, with distances rounded down to the nearest centimetre under IAAF and WMA rules.

Legal throws

The following rules (indoor and outdoor) must be adhered to for a legal throw:

  • Upon calling the athlete's name, the athlete may choose any part of the throwing circle to enter inside. They have thirty seconds to commence the throwing motion; otherwise it counts as a forfeit for the current match.
  • The athlete may not wear gloves; IAAF rules permit the taping of individual fingers.
  • The athlete must rest the shot close to the neck, and keep it tight to the neck throughout the motion.
  • The shot must be released above the height of the shoulder, using only one hand.
  • The athlete may touch the inside surface of the circle or toe board, but must not touch the top or outside of the circle or toe board, or the ground beyond the circle. Limbs may, however, extend over the lines of the circle in the air.
  • The shot must land in the legal sector (34.92°) of the throwing area.
  • The athlete must leave the throwing circle from the back.

Foul throws

Foul throws occur when an athlete:

  • Does not pause within the circle before beginning the putting motion.
  • Does not complete the putting movement within thirty seconds of having their name called.
  • Allows the shot to drop below his shoulder or outside the vertical plane of his shoulder during the put.

At any time if the shot loses contact with the neck then it is technically an illegal put.

  • During the putting motion, touches with any part of the body (including shoes):
    • the top or ends of the toe board
    • the top of the iron ring
    • anywhere outside the circle.
  • Puts a shot which either falls outside the throwing sector or touches a sector line on the initial impact.
  • Leaves the circle before the shot has landed.
  • Does not leave from the rear half of the circle.

Regulation misconceptions

The following are either obsolete or non-existent, but commonly believed rules within professional competition:

  • The athlete must enter the circle from the back (none of the rule books contain such a clause).
  • The athlete entering the circle, then exiting and re-entering it prior to starting the throw results in a foul (all the rule books allow an athlete to leave a circle prior to starting a throw, but this still counts within the one-minute time limit; the allowable method of exiting the circle varies by rule book).
  • Loose clothing, shoelaces, or long hair touching outside the circle during a throw, or an athlete bringing a towel into the circle and then throwing it out prior to the put, results in a foul.

Competition

Shot put competitions have been held at the modern Summer Olympic Games since their inception in 1896, and it is also included as an event in the World Athletics Championships.

Each competition has a set number of rounds of throws. Typically there are three preliminary rounds to determine qualification for the final, and then three more rounds in the final. Each competitor is credited with their longest throw, regardless of whether it was achieved in the preliminary or final rounds. The competitor with the longest legal put is declared the winner.

Weight

In open competitions the men's shot weighs {{convert|7.260|kg|lb}}, and the women's shot weighs {{convert|4|kg|lb}}. Junior, school, and masters competitions often use different weights of shots, typically below the weights of those used in open competitions; the individual rules for each competition should be consulted in order to determine the correct weights to be used.

Putting styles

Two putting styles are in current general use by shot put competitors: the glide and the spin. With all putting styles, the goal is to release the shot with maximum forward velocity at an angle of approximately forty-five degrees.

Glide

The origin of this technique glide dates to 1951, when Parry O'Brien from the United States invented a technique that involved the putter facing backwards, rotating 180 degrees across the circle, and then tossing the shot. Unlike spin this technique is a linear movement.[4]

With this technique, a right-hand thrower would begin facing the rear of the circle, and then kick to the front with the left leg, while pushing off forcefully with the right. As the thrower crosses the circle, the hips twist toward the front, the left arm is swung out then pulled back tight, followed by the shoulders, and they then strike in a putting motion with their right arm. The key is to move quickly across the circle with as little air under the feet as possible, hence the name 'glide'.

Spin

Also known as rotational technique.[5] It was first practiced in Europe in the 1950s but did not receive much attention until the 1970s.[6] In 1972 Aleksandr Baryshnikov set his first USSR record using a new putting style, the spin ("круговой мах" in Russian), invented by his coach Viktor Alexeyev.[7][8] The spin involves rotating like a discus thrower and using rotational momentum for power. In 1976 Baryshnikov went on to set a world record of {{convert|22.00|m|ft|abbr=on}} with his spin style, and was the first shot putter to cross the 22-meter mark.[9]

With this technique, a right-hand thrower faces the rear, and begins to spin on the ball of the left foot. The thrower comes around and faces the front of the circle and drives the right foot into the center of the circle. Finally, the thrower reaches for the front of the circle with the left foot, twisting the hips and shoulders like in the glide, and puts the shot.

When the athlete executes the spin, the upper body is twisted hard to the right, so the imaginary lines created by the shoulders and hips are no longer parallel. This action builds up torque, and stretches the muscles, creating an involuntary elasticity in the muscles, providing extra power and momentum. When the athlete prepares to release, the left foot is firmly planted, causing the momentum and energy generated to be conserved, pushing the shot in an upward and outward direction.

Another purpose of the spin is to build up a high rotational speed, by swinging the right leg initially, then to bring all the limbs in tightly, similar to a figure skater bringing in their arms while spinning to increase their speed. Once this fast speed is achieved the shot is released, transferring the energy into the shot put.

Until 2016, a woman has never made an Olympic final (top 8) using the spin technique. First women to enter final and win a medal at the Olympics was Anita Márton. [10][11]

Usage

Currently, most top male shot putters use the spin. However the glide remains popular since the technique leads to greater consistency compared to the rotational technique. Almost all throwers start by using the glide. Tomasz Majewski notes that although most athletes use the spin,[12] he and some other top shot putters achieved success using this classic method (for example he became first to defend the Olympic title in 56 years).

The world record by a male putter of {{T&Fcalc|23.12}} by Randy Barnes was completed with the spin technique, while the second-best all-time put of {{T&Fcalc|23.06}} by Ulf Timmermann was completed with the glide technique.

The decision to glide or spin may need to be decided on an individual basis, determined by the thrower's size and power. Short throwers may benefit from the spin and taller throwers may benefit from the glide, but many throwers do not follow this guideline.

Types of shots

The shot is made of different kinds of materials depending on its intended use. Materials used include sand, iron, cast iron, solid steel, stainless steel, brass, and synthetic materials like polyvinyl. Some metals are more dense than others making the size of the shot vary. For example, different materials are used to make indoor and outdoor shot - because damage to surroundings must be taken into account - so the latter are smaller. There are various size and weight standards for the implement that depend on the age and gender of the competitors as well as the national customs of the governing body.

World records

{{Main|World record progression shot put men|World record progression shot put women}}

The current world record holders are:

TypeAthleteDistanceVenueDate
Men
OutdoorRandy Barnes23.12}} Los Angeles, California, USAMay 20, 1990
IndoorRandy Barnes22.66}}Los Angeles, California, USAJanuary 20, 1989
Women
OutdoorNatalya Lisovskaya22.63}}Moscow, USSRJune 7, 1987
IndoorHelena Fibingerová22.50}}Jablonec, CZEFebruary 19, 1977

Continental records

The current records held on each continent are:[13]

AreaMen'sWomen's
Distance Athlete Nation Distance Athlete Nation
Africa21.97}} Janus Robberts {{RSA}}18.43}} Vivian Chukwuemeka {{NGR}}
Asia21.13}} Sultan Abdulmajeed Al-Hebshi {{KSA}}21.76}} Meisu Li {{CHN}}
Europe23.06}} Ulf Timmermann {{GDR}}22.63}} {{AthAbbr|WR}} Natalya Lisovskaya {{URS}}
North and Central
America, and Caribbean		23.12}} {{AthAbbr|WR}} Randy Barnes {{USA}}20.96}} {{AthAbbr|A}} Belsy Laza {{CUB}}
Oceania22.67}} Tomas Walsh {{NZL}}21.24}} Valerie Adams {{NZL}}
South America21.94}} Darlan Romani {{BRA}}19.30}} {{AthAbbr|A}} Elisângela Adriano {{BRA}}

All-time top 25 shot putters

  • i = indoor performance
  • A = affected by altitude
  • Correct as of February 2018.[14][15]

Men

RankMarkTechniqueAthleteNationalityDatePlaceRef
123.12}}spinRandy BarnesUnited States}} 20 May 1990 Westwood
223.06}}glideUlf Timmermann {{GDR}} 22 May 1988 Khania
322.91}}glideAlessandro Andrei {{ITA}} 12 August 1987 Viareggio
422.86}}spin Brian OldfieldUnited States}} 10 May 1975 El Paso
522.75}}glideWerner Günthör{{SUI}} 23 August 1988 Bern
6{{T&Fcalc|22.67}}spin Kevin TothUnited States}} 19 April 2003 Lawrence
spinTomas WalshNew Zealand}}25 March 2018Auckland[16]
822.65}}spinRyan CrouserUnited States}}25 June 2017Sacramento[17]
922.64}}glide Udo Beyer {{GDR}} 20 August 1986 Berlin
1022.57}}spinJoe KovacsUnited States}}18 May 2017Tucson[18]
1122.54}}spinChristian CantwellUnited States}} 5 June 2004 Gresham
1222.52}}glideJohn BrennerUnited States}}26 April 1987Walnut
1322.51}}spin Adam NelsonUnited States}} 18 May 2002 Gresham
1422.44}}spinDarrell HillUnited States}}31 August 2017Brussels[19]
1522.43}}spinReese HoffaUnited States}}3 August 2007London
1622.28}}spinRyan WhitingUnited States}}10 May 2013Doha
1722.24}}glideSergey SmirnovSoviet Union}}21 June 1986Tallinn
1822.21}} AspinDylan ArmstrongCanada}}25 June 2011Calgary
19{{T&Fcalc|22.20}}glideDavid StorlGermany}}9 July 2015Lausanne[20]
spinJohn GodinaUnited States}}22 May 2005Carson
2122.17}}ispinTomáš StaněkCzech Republic}}6 February 2018Düsseldorf[21]
2222.10}} Sergey GavryushinSoviet Union}} 31 August 1986 Tbilisi
22.10}}spinCory MartinUnited States}} 23 May 2010 Tucson
2422.09}}ispinMika HalvariFinland}} 7 February 2000 Tampere
2522.08}}spinMichał HaratykPoland}}13 June 2018Ostrava[22]

Notes

Below is a list of throws equal or superior to 22.43m:
  • Randy Barnes also threw 23.10 m (1990).
  • Ulf Timmermann also threw 22.62 m (1985), 22.61 m (1988), 22.60 m (1986), 22.56 m (1988), 22.55 m (i) (1989), 22.51 m (1986), 22.47 m (1986, 1988).
  • Joe Kovacs also threw 22.56 m (2015).
  • Ryan Crouser also threw 22.53 m (2018), 22.52 m (2016), 22.47 m (2017), 22.43 m (2017).
  • Tom Walsh also threw 22.45 m (2018).
  • Brian Oldfield also threw 22.45 m (A) (1976).
  • Christian Cantwell also threw 22.45 m (2006).
  • Werner Günthör also threw 22.47 m (1987), 22.43 m (1987).

Non-legal marks

  • Rolf Österreich of the East Germany threw a best of 22.11 on 12 September 1976 in Zschopau, but this mark was not recognized by East German authorities.
  • Andrei Mikhnevich of Belarus threw 22.10 on 8 August 2011 in Minsk. This mark was annulled due to doping offense.
  • Sergey Kasnauskas of Belarus threw 22.09 with an irregular implement on 23 August 1984 in Minsk.

Women

RankMarkTechniqueAthleteNationalityLocationDate
122.63}}glide Natalya Lisovskaya {{URS}} Moscow June 7, 1987
222.50}}iglide Helena Fibingerová {{TCH}} Jablonec nad Nisou February 19, 1977
322.45}}glide Ilona Slupianek {{GDR}} Potsdam May 11, 1980
422.19}}glide Claudia Losch {{FRG}} Hainfeld August 23, 1987
521.89}}glide Ivanka Khristova Bulgaria|1971}} Belmeken July 4, 1976
621.86}}glide Marianne Adam {{GDR}} Leipzig June 23, 1979
721.76}}glide Li Meisu {{CHN}} Shijiazhuang April 23, 1988
821.73}}glide Natalya Akhrimenko {{URS}} Leselidze May 21, 1988
921.70}}iglide Nadzeya Ostapchuk {{BLR}} Mogilev February 12, 2010
1021.69}}glide Vita Pavlysh {{UKR}} Budapest August 15, 1998
1121.66}}glide Sui Xinmei {{CHN}} Beijing June 9, 1990
1221.62}}glide Verzhinia Veselinova {{BUL}} Sofia August 21, 1982
1321.60}}iglide Valentina Fedyushina {{URS}} Simferopol December 28, 1991
1421.58}}glide Margitta Pufe {{GDR}} Erfurt May 28, 1978
1521.57}}glide Ines Müller {{GDR}} Athens May 16, 1988
1621.53}}glide Nunu Abashidze {{URS}} Kiev June 20, 1984
1721.52}}glide Huang Zhihong {{CHN}} Beijing June 27, 1990
1821.46}}glide Larisa Peleshenko {{RUS}} Budapest August 26, 2000
1921.45}}glide Nadezhda Chizhova {{URS}} Varna September 29, 1973
2021.43}}glide Eva Wilms {{FRG}} Munich June 27, 1977
2121.42}}glide Svetlana Krachevskaya {{URS}} Moscow July 24, 1980
2221.31}}glide Heike Hartwig {{GDR}} Athens May 16, 1988
2321.27}}glide Liane Schmuhl {{GDR}} Cottbus June 26, 1982
2421.24}}glide Valerie Adams {{NZL}} Daegu August 29, 2011
2521.22}}glide Astrid Kumbernuss {{GER}} Gothenburg August 5, 1995

Notes

Best women's throw using a spin technique is 19.87m by Anita Márton and Jillian Camarena-Williams.

Below is a list of throws equal or superior to 21.49m:
  • Natalya Lisovskaya also threw 22.14m i (1987), 21.60m (1988).
  • Helena Fibingerová also threw 21.75m i (1977), 21.66m (1977), 21.58m i (1977), 21.47m i (1985), 21.46m i (1977).
  • Ilona Slupianek also threw 21.59m i (1979), 21.52m i (1980), 21.49m i (1980).

Olympic medalists

Men

{{Olympic medalists in men's shot put}}

Women

{{Olympic medalists in women's shot put}}

World Championship medalists

Men

{{World Championships in Athletics medalists in men's shot put}}

Women

{{World Championships in Athletics medalists in women's shot put}}

World Indoor Championships medalists

Men

WIG|A}}Remigius Machura|TCH}}Udo Beyer|GDR}}Jānis Bojārs|URS}}
{{DetailsLink>1987 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Ulf Timmermann|GDR}}Werner Günthör|SUI}}Sergey Smirnov|URS}}
{{DetailsLink>1989 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Ulf Timmermann|GDR}}Randy Barnes|USA}}Georg Andersen|NOR}}
{{DetailsLink>1991 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Werner Günthör|SUI}}Klaus Bodenmüller|AUT}}Ron Backes|USA}}
{{DetailsLink>1993 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Mike Stulce|USA}}Jim Doehring|USA}}Oleksandr Bagach|UKR}}
{{DetailsLink>1995 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Mika Halvari|FIN}}C. J. Hunter|USA}}Dragan Perić|FRY}}
{{DetailsLink>1997 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Yuriy Bilonoh|UKR}}Oleksandr Bagach|UKR}}John Godina|USA}}
{{DetailsLink>1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Oleksandr Bagach|UKR}}John Godina|USA}}Yuriy Bilonoh|UKR}}
{{DetailsLink>2001 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}John Godina|USA}}Adam Nelson|USA}}Manuel Martínez|ESP}}
{{DetailsLink>2003 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Manuel Martínez|ESP}}John Godina|USA}}Yuriy Bilonoh|UKR}}
{{DetailsLink>2004 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Christian Cantwell|USA}}Reese Hoffa|USA}}Joachim Olsen|DEN}}
{{DetailsLink>2006 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Reese Hoffa|USA}}Joachim Olsen|DEN}}Pavel Sofin|RUS}}
{{DetailsLink>2008 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Christian Cantwell|USA}}Reese Hoffa|USA}}Tomasz Majewski|POL}}
{{DetailsLink>2010 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Christian Cantwell|USA}}Ralf Bartels|GER}}Dylan Armstrong|CAN}}
{{DetailsLink>2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Ryan Whiting|USA}}David Storl|GER}}Tomasz Majewski|POL}}
{{DetailsLink>2014 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Ryan Whiting|USA}}David Storl|GER}}Tomas Walsh|NZL}}
{{DetailsLink>2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Tomas Walsh|NZL}}Andrei Gag|ROU}}Filip Mihaljević|CRO}}
{{DetailsLink>2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's shot put}}Tomas Walsh|NZL}}David Storl|GER}}Tomáš Staněk|CZE}}

Women

WIG|A}}Natalya Lisovskaya|URS}}Ines Müller|GDR}}Nunu Abashidze|URS}}
{{DetailsLink>1987 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Natalya Lisovskaya|URS}}Ilona Briesenick|GDR}}Claudia Losch|FRG}}
{{DetailsLink>1989 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Claudia Losch|FRG}}Huang Zhihong|CHN}}Christa Wiese|GDR}}
{{DetailsLink>1991 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Sui Xinmei|CHN}}Huang Zhihong|CHN}}Natalya Lisovskaya|URS}}
{{DetailsLink>1993 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Svetlana Krivelyova|RUS|1991}}Stephanie Storp|GER}}Zhang Liuhong|CHN}}
{{DetailsLink>1995 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Kathrin Neimke|GER}}Connie Price-Smith|USA}}Grit Hammer|GER}}
{{DetailsLink>1997 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Vita Pavlysh|UKR}}Astrid Kumbernuss|GER}}Irina Korzhanenko|RUS}}
{{DetailsLink>1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Svetlana Krivelyova|RUS}}Krystyna Danilczyk-Zabawska|POL}}Teri Steer-Tunks|USA}}
{{DetailsLink>2001 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Larisa Peleshenko|RUS}}Nadzeya Ostapchuk|BLR}}Svetlana Krivelyova|RUS}}
{{DetailsLink>2003 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Irina Korzhanenko|RUS}}Nadzeya Ostapchuk|BLR}}Astrid Kumbernuss|GER}}
{{DetailsLink>2004 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Svetlana Krivelyova|RUS}}Yumileidi Cumbá|CUB}}Nadine Kleinert|GER}}
{{DetailsLink>2006 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Natallia Mikhnevich|BLR}}Nadine Kleinert|GER}}Olga Ryabinkina|RUS}}
{{DetailsLink>2008 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Valerie Vili|NZL}}Li Meiju|CHN}}Misleydis González|CUB}}
{{DetailsLink>2010 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Valerie Adams|NZL}}Anna Avdeyeva|RUS}}Nadine Kleinert|GER}}
{{DetailsLink>2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Valerie Adams|NZL}}Michelle Carter|USA}}Jillian Camarena-Williams|USA}}
{{DetailsLink>2014 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Valerie Adams|NZL}}Christina Schwanitz|GER}}Gong Lijiao|CHN}}
{{DetailsLink>2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Michelle Carter|USA}}Anita Márton|HUN}}Valerie Adams|NZL}}
{{DetailsLink>2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's shot put}}Anita Márton|HUN}}Danniel Thomas-Dodd|JAM}}Gong Lijiao|CHN}}
  • {{note label|WIG|A}} Known as the World Indoor Games

Season's bests

{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}

Men

YearDistanceAthleteLocation
196420.68}}{{flagathlete|Dallas Long|USA}}Los Angeles
196521.52}}{{flagathlete|Randy Matson|USA}}College Station
196621.09}}{{flagathlete|Randy Matson|USA}}Los Angeles
196721.78}}{{flagathlete|Randy Matson|USA}}College Station
196821.30}}{{flagathlete|Randy Matson|USA}}Walnut
196920.64}}{{flagathlete|Neal Steinhauer|USA}}
{{flagathlete|Hans-Peter Gies|GDR}}		Eugene
Budapest
197021.75}}{{flagathlete|Randy Matson|USA}}Berkeley
197121.12}}{{flagathlete|Heinz-Joachim Rothenburg|GDR}}Moscow
197221.54}}{{flagathlete|Hartmut Briesenick|GDR}}Potsdam
197321.82}}{{flagathlete|Al Feuerbach|USA}}San Jose
197422.02}}i{{flagathlete|George Woods|USA}}Moscow
197522.86}}{{flagathlete|Brian Oldfield|USA}}El Paso
197622.45}}{{flagathlete|Brian Oldfield|USA}}El Paso
197721.74}}{{flagathlete|Udo Beyer|GDR}}Düsseldorf
197822.15}}{{flagathlete|Udo Beyer|GDR}}Gothenburg
197921.74}}{{flagathlete|Udo Beyer|GDR}}Linz
198021.98}}{{flagathlete|Udo Beyer|GDR}}Erfurt
198122.02}}{{flagathlete|Brian Oldfield|USA}}Modesto
198222.02}}{{flagathlete|Dave Laut|USA}}Koblenz
198322.22}}{{flagathlete|Udo Beyer|GDR}}Los Angeles
198422.19}}{{flagathlete|Brian Oldfield|USA}}San Jose
198522.62}}{{flagathlete|Ulf Timmermann|GDR}}Berlin
198622.64}}{{flagathlete|Udo Beyer|GDR}}Berlin
198722.91}}{{flagathlete|Alessandro Andrei|ITA}}Viareggio
198823.06}}{{flagathlete|Ulf Timmermann|GDR}}Hania
198922.66}}i{{flagathlete|Randy Barnes|USA}}Los Angeles
199023.12}}{{flagathlete|Randy Barnes|USA}}Westwood
199122.03}}{{flagathlete|Werner Günthör|SUI}}Oslo
199221.98}}{{flagathlete|Gregg Tafralis|USA}}Los Gatos
199321.98}}{{flagathlete|Werner Günthör|SUI}}Linz
199421.09}}{{flagathlete|Jim Doehring|USA}}New York City
199522.00}}{{flagathlete|John Godina|USA}}Knoxville
199622.40}}{{flagathlete|Randy Barnes|USA}}Rüdlingen
199722.03}}{{flagathlete|Randy Barnes|USA}}Indianapolis
199821.78}}{{flagathlete|John Godina|USA}}Walnut
199922.02}}{{flagathlete|John Godina|USA}}Eugene
200022.12}}{{flagathlete|Adam Nelson|USA}}Sacramento
200121.97}}{{flagathlete|Janus Robberts|RSA}}Eugene
200222.51}}{{flagathlete|Adam Nelson|USA}}Gresham
200322.67}}{{flagathlete|Kevin Toth|USA}}Lawrence
200422.54}}{{flagathlete|Christian Cantwell|USA}}Gresham
200522.20}}{{flagathlete|John Godina|USA}}Carson
200622.45}}{{flagathlete|Christian Cantwell|USA}}Gateshead
200722.43}}{{flagathlete|Reese Hoffa|USA}}London
200822.40}}i{{flagathlete|Adam Nelson|USA}}Fayetteville
200922.16}}{{flagathlete|Christian Cantwell|USA}}Zagreb
201022.41}}{{flagathlete|Christian Cantwell|USA}}Eugene
201122.21}} {{AthAbbr|A}}{{flagathlete|Dylan Armstrong|CAN}}Calgary
201222.31}}{{flagathlete|Christian Cantwell|USA}}Champaign
201322.28}}{{flagathlete|Ryan Whiting|USA}}Doha
201422.23}}Ai{{flagathlete|Ryan Whiting|USA}}Albuquerque
201522.56}}{{flagathlete|Joe Kovacs|USA}}Monaco
201622.52}}{{flagathlete|Ryan Crouser|USA}}Rio de Janeiro
201722.65}}{{flagathlete|Ryan Crouser|USA}}Sacramento
{{col-2}}

Women

YearDistanceAthleteLocation
196418.40}}{{flagathlete|Tamara Press|URS}}Minsk
196518.59}}{{flagathlete|Tamara Press|URS}}Kassel
196618.01}}{{flagathlete|Tamara Press|URS}}Auckland
196718.34}}{{flagathlete|Nadezhda Chizhova|URS}}Karl-Marx-Stadt
196819.61}}{{flagathlete|Margitta Gummel|GDR}}Mexico City
196920.43}}{{flagathlete|Nadezhda Chizhova|URS}}
 		Athens
197019.69}}{{flagathlete|Nadezhda Chizhova|URS}}Erfurt
197120.43}}{{flagathlete|Nadezhda Chizhova|URS}}Moscow
197221.03}}{{flagathlete|Nadezhda Chizhova|URS}}Munich
197321.45}}{{flagathlete|Nadezhda Chizhova|URS}}Varna
197421.57}}{{flagathlete|Helena Fibingerová|TCH}}Gottwaldov
197521.60}}{{flagathlete|Marianne Adam|GDR}}Berlin
197621.99}}{{flagathlete|Helena Fibingerová|TCH}}Opava
197722.50}}i{{flagathlete|Helena Fibingerová|TCH}}Jablonec nad Nisou
197822.06}}{{flagathlete|Ilona Slupianek|GDR}}Berlin
197922.04}}{{flagathlete|Ilona Slupianek|GDR}}Potsdam
198022.45}}{{flagathlete|Ilona Slupianek|GDR}}Potsdam
198121.61}}{{flagathlete|Ilona Slupianek|GDR}}Potsdam
198221.80}}{{flagathlete|Ilona Slupianek|GDR}}Potsdam
198322.40}}{{flagathlete|Ilona Slupianek|GDR}}Berlin
198422.53}}{{flagathlete|Natalya Lisovskaya|URS}}Sochi
198521.73}}{{flagathlete|Natalya Lisovskaya|URS}}Erfurt
198621.70}}{{flagathlete|Natalya Lisovskaya|URS}}Tallinn
198722.63}}{{flagathlete|Natalya Lisovskaya|URS}}Moscow
198822.55}}{{flagathlete|Natalya Lisovskaya|URS}}Tallinn
198920.82}}{{flagathlete|Li Meisu|CHN}}Prague
199021.66}}{{flagathlete|Sui Xinmei|CHN}}Beijing
199121.60}}i{{flagathlete|Valentina Fedyushina|URS}}Simferopol
199221.06}}{{flagathlete|Svetlana Krivelyova|RUS}}Barcelona
199320.84}}{{flagathlete|Svetlana Krivelyova|RUS}}Moscow
199420.54}}{{flagathlete|Sui Xinmei|CHN}}Beijing
199521.22}}{{flagathlete|Astrid Kumbernuss|GER}}Gothenburg
199620.97}}{{flagathlete|Astrid Kumbernuss|GER}}Duisburg
199721.22}}{{flagathlete|Astrid Kumbernuss|GER}}Hamburg
199821.69}}{{flagathlete|Viktoriya Pavlysh|UKR}}Budapest
199921.15}}i{{flagathlete|Irina Korzhanenko|RUS}}Moscow
200021.46}}{{flagathlete|Larisa Peleshenko|RUS}}Moscow
200120.79}}{{flagathlete|Larisa Peleshenko|RUS}}Tula
200220.64}}{{flagathlete|Irina Korzhanenko|RUS}}Munich
200320.77}}{{flagathlete|Svetlana Krivelyova|RUS}}Tula
200420.79}}{{flagathlete|Irina Korzhanenko|RUS}}Tula
200521.09}}{{flagathlete|Nadzeya Astapchuk|BLR}}Minsk
200620.86}}i{{flagathlete|Nadzeya Astapchuk|BLR}}Minsk
200720.54}}{{flagathlete|Valerie Vili|NZL}}Osaka
200820.98}}{{flagathlete|Nadzeya Astapchuk|BLR}}Minsk
200921.07}}{{flagathlete|Valerie Vili|NZL}}Thessaloniki
201021.70}}i{{flagathlete|Nadzeya Astapchuk|BLR}}Mogilev
201121.24}}{{flagathlete|Valerie Adams|NZL}}Daegu
201221.58}}{{flagathlete|Nadzeya Astapchuk|BLR}}Minsk
201320.98}}i{{flagathlete|Valerie Adams|NZL}}Zürich
201420.67}}i{{flagathlete|Valerie Adams|NZL}}Sopot
201520.77}}{{flagathlete|Christina Schwanitz|GER}}Beijing
201620.63}}{{flagathlete|Michelle Carter|USA}}Rio de Janeiro
201720.11}}{{flagathlete|Gong Lijiao|CHN}}Böhmenkirch
{{col-end}}

See also

  • Masters shot put
  • Pundo
  • Stone put
  • 20 metre club

Notes and references

1. ^{{cite book|author=Colin White|title=Projectile Dynamics in Sport: Principles and Applications|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mm8zoQ-GYuAC&pg=PA131|accessdate=6 July 2011|date=31 December 2009|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-47331-6|pages=131–}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.iaaf.org/disciplines/throws/hammer-throw#topfive=0|title=Hammer Throw|publisher=IAAF|accessdate=12 September 2015}}
3. ^Shot Put - Introduction. IAAF. Retrieved on 2010-02-28.
4. ^https://www.thoughtco.com/shot-put-glide-technique-3259104
5. ^http://track.coachesdirectory.com/article/rotational-vs-glide-revisited--comparing-shot-techniques-article.html
6. ^http://digitaltrackandfield.com/shot-put-spin-glide-technique-comparison/
7. ^Aleksandr Baryshnikov biography on sportsdaily.ru (in Russian) reference tested at 11 May 2009
8. ^Aleksandr Baryshnikov, Athlete from Russia (in Russian) {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100917193850/http://www.atlant.ru/sport/articles/sport_star/1102003022816/index.php |date=2010-09-17 }} reference tested at 11 May 2009
9. ^Григорий РУДЕРМАН (Израиль), заслуженный тренер России «Метания в хх веке : тенденции развития.» reference tested at 11 May 2009
10. ^http://www.ltfca.com/assets/glide-vs-spin.pdf"
11. ^http://digitaltrackandfield.com/shot-put-spin-glide-technique-comparison/
12. ^Playboy Poland 8/2012, page 44,45
13. ^{{cite web|title=Outdoor: Shot Put: Area Records|url=http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/records/inout=O/discType=5/disc=SP/detail.html|work=Official website|publisher=International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF)|accessdate=10 March 2011}}
14. ^Shot Put - men - senior - outdoor. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-01-24.
15. ^Shot Put - women - senior - outdoor. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-01-24.
16. ^{{cite news|title=Walsh blasts Oceanian shot put record of 22.67m in Auckland|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/tom-walsh-shot-put-record-oceania-auckland|publisher=IAAF|author=Jon Mulkeen|date=25 March 2018|accessdate=27 March 2018}}
17. ^{{cite web|title=Ryan Crouser Wins Shot Put With The Longest Throw In The World Since 1989|url=http://www.flotrack.org/article/58091-ryan-crouser-wins-shot-put-with-the-longest-throw-in-the-world-since-1989#.WVAbW-lpzcs|website=flotrack.org|date=25 June 2017|accessdate=25 June 2017}}
18. ^{{cite news|title=Kovacs throws 22.57m, best in the world for 14 years|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/joe-kovacs-2257-shot-put-tucson-2017|publisher=IAAF|author=Jon Mulkeen|date=18 May 2017|accessdate=20 May 2017}}
19. ^{{cite news|title=Hill hits the shot put jackpot in Brussels' Place de la Monnaie – IAAF Diamond League|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/darrell-hill-wins-diamond-league-shot-put-bru|publisher=IAAF|author=Mike Rowbottom|date=31 August 2017|accessdate=2 September 2017}}
20. ^{{cite web|title=Shot Put Results|url=http://livecache.sportresult.com/node/binaryData/AT_PROD/Lausanne2015_PDF_RE0850040.PDF?h=bLYBiOmqKghp1Z+6+uM9ElxX/Xk=|publisher=sportresult.com|date=9 July 2015|accessdate=10 July 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305091612/http://livecache.sportresult.com/node/binaryData/AT_PROD/Lausanne2015_PDF_RE0850040.PDF?h=bLYBiOmqKghp1Z+6+uM9ElxX%2FXk%3D|archivedate=5 March 2016|df=}}
21. ^{{cite web|title=Shot Put Results|url=http://livecache.sportresult.com/node/binaryData/ATH_PROD/DUESSELDORF2018/PDF_RE2850040.PDF?h=txvWHrDRIPVtGQ56Cchqt0rYHn4=|work=sportresult.com|date=6 February 2018|accessdate=8 February 2018}}
22. ^{{cite web|title=Shot Put Results|url=http://www.zlatatretra.cz/results2018/re29894.pdf|work=zlatatretra.cz|date=13 June 2018|accessdate=19 June 2018}}

External links

{{Commons category|Shot put}}
  • IAAF shot put homepage
  • [https://iaaf.gekko.de/?a=throws&d=shot-put IAAF list of shot-put records in XML]
{{Athletics events}}{{Portal bar|Athletics}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Shot Put}}

6 : Shot put|Events in athletics (track and field)|Individual sports|Sports originating in Scotland|Throwing sports|Summer Olympic disciplines in athletics
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