| 词条 | Lygodium japonicum |
| 释义 |
| image = Lygodium japonicum.jpg | genus = Lygodium | species = japonicum | authority = (Thunb.) Sw. }}Lygodium japonicum is a species of fern that is known by the common names vine-like fern[1] and Japanese climbing fern. It is native to eastern Asia, including Japan, Korea, southeastern Asia, and India, and eastern Australia. The fern is present in the southeastern United States and Puerto Rico as an introduced species.[2] This fern produces a creeping stem from which grow very long leaves, the longest exceeding {{convert|30|m|ft|abbr=off}}. The leaves have rachises, which are vine-like and may climb other vegetation. What appear to be individual leaves sprouting from the twining rachis are actually leaflets, which are smaller segments from the main leaf. There are two types of leaflets, sterile and fertile. The sterile frond has lance-shaped segments. The fertile frond has more intricately divided, fringed segments. It is lined with sporangia on the edges.[2][3] The plant reproduces via spores and spreads vegetatively via underground rhizomes.[2] An introduced species in North America, Japanese climbing fern was first recorded as being established in Georgia in 1903.[2] In the southeastern United States this plant is now considered an invasive weed of economic and ecological significance.[4] It grows in moist, swampy habitat, especially in disturbed areas. The presence of species such as the small-spike false nettle (Boehmeria cylindrica), royal fern (Osmunda spectabilis), resurrection fern (Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. polypodioides), and toothed midsorus fern (Blechnum serrulatum) indicates the likely presence of this species.[2] During controlled burns of wooded areas this fern may act as a "fuel ladder", which would allow the flames to climb into the canopy and destroy trees. After burns the fern can quickly grow back, so it cannot be controlled by fire.[5] TaxonomyThe specific epithet japonicum, refers to the Latin term for 'being from Japan'.[6] It was first published and described as Ophioglossaceae Ophioglossum japonicum Thunb. by Carl Peter Thunberg in Syst. Veg. edition 14 on page 926 in 1784, before Olof Swartz reclassified it as Lygodium japonicum in J. Bot. (edited by Schrader) on page 106 in 1802.[7][8] References1. ^{{Cite book|url=http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf|title=English Names for Korean Native Plants|publisher=Korea National Arboretum|year=2015|isbn=978-89-97450-98-5|location=Pocheon|pages=530|access-date=4 January 2017|via=Korea Forest Service|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525105020/http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf|archivedate=25 May 2017|df=}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 Munger, Gregory T. 2005. Lygodium spp. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Retrieved 11-07-2011. 3. ^Lygodium japonicum. Flora of North America. Retrieved 11-07-2011. 4. ^Minogue, P. J., et al. (2010). Japanese climbing fern (Lygodium japonicum) management in Florida's Apalachicola bottomland hardwood forests. Invasive Plant Science and Management 3(3):246-252. Retrieved 11-07-2011. 5. ^Minogue, P. J., et al. Biology and control of Japanese Climbing Fern (Lygodium japonicum). University of Florida IFAS Extension. Retrieved 11-07-2011. 6. ^Allen J. Coombes {{google books|capqDQYT_VYC&|The A to Z of Plant Names: A Quick Reference Guide to 4000 Garden Plants|page=142}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Schizaeaceae Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw.|url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=17143040-1 |publisher=Ipni.org|accessdate=29 December 2017}} 8. ^{{ThePlantList | authority = (Thunb.) Sw. | accessdate = 29 December 2017 }} External links{{Commons category-inline|Lygodium japonicum}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q3338251}} 3 : Lygodium|Invasive plant species in the United States|Plants described in 1802 |
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