“SHOUTcast”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

SHOUTcast DNAS is cross-platform proprietary software for streaming media over the Internet. The software, developed by Nullsoft, is available free of charge. It allows digital audio content, primarily in MP3 or High-Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding format, to be broadcast to and from media player software, enabling the creation of Internet radio "stations".

The most common use of SHOUTcast is for creating or listening to Internet audio broadcasts; however, video streams exist as well.^[2] Some traditional radio stations use SHOUTcast to extend their presence onto the Web.

SHOUTcast Radio is a related website which provides a directory of SHOUTcast stations.

History

Created in 1998,^[3] SHOUTcast's streaming protocol uses metadata tags and responses that all start with ICY, which stands for "I Can Yell." Nullsoft was purchased by AOL on June 1, 1999.

On January 14, 2014, AOL sold Nullsoft to Belgian online radio aggregator Radionomy; no financial details were publicly announced.^[4]^[5]^[6]

Software

The SHOUTcast software uses a client–server model, with each component communicating via a network protocol that intermingles audio or video data with metadata such as song titles and the station name. It uses HTTP as a transport protocol. Although multicast was planned, it was never developed.

SHOUTcast servers and clients are available for FreeBSD, Linux, macOS, Microsoft Windows, and Solaris. Client-only versions exist for Android, BlackBerry OS, iOS (iPad, iPhone), Palm OS and webOS (Radio Hibiki), PlayStation Portable, Windows Mobile, Symbian S60 and UIQ,^[7] Nintendo DS (DSOrganize), and Wii.

The output format is supported by multiple clients, including Nullsoft's own Winamp as well as Amarok, Exaile, foobar2000, iTunes, Songbird, Totem, XMMS, and Zinf. If the client does not support the SHOUTcast protocol, then the SHOUTcast server sends the stream without the metadata thus allowing it to be heard/viewed in clients like Windows Media Player. SHOUTcast servers are usually linked to by means of playlist files, which are small text files (usually with extensions .pls or .m3u) that contain the URL of the SHOUTcast server. When that URL is visited in a Web browser which identifies itself as Mozilla-compatible (as most do), the server will return a generated SHOUTcast server info/status page, rather than streaming audio.

Stations

A feature of SHOUTcast servers is the ability to optionally publish server information, including the current number of listeners, in a directory of stations that AOL maintains on the SHOUTcast website. Site visitors can pick a station to listen to and download a playlist file for use in their own SHOUTcast-capable media player.

In September 2008, AOL redesigned the SHOUTcast website,^[8] which had been roughly the same since 2000. In 2010, SHOUTcast again redesigned it with more of an AOL look.^[9] As part of the redesign, the directory and services were rebranded as "SHOUTcast Radio", rather than "SHOUTcast Streaming Technology." The redesign included a fully functional option to view the site and directory with the old layout. At the time VideoLAN said that AOL's license for use of the SHOUTcast Radio servers would “[force] us to integrate the spyware and adware based Shoutcast Radio Toolbar inside your browser.” and thus prevents open source software from using the SHOUTcast Radio servers.^[10]

Popularity

SHOUTcast said in 2011 that up to 900,000 concurrent listeners could be seen on public streams during peak hours. The audience on private streams is unknown. The maximum and minimum number of listeners fluctuates widely during a day, with roughly three times as many listeners during peak hours as at low use times.

During the early days of eSports for video games, SHOUTcast was used by some to stream play-by-play commentary on eSport matches. This led to the term "shoutcaster" which remains in use today to describe eSports commentators, even if they are not using the plugin.^[12]

Supported file formats

Version history

See also

References

1. ^{{Cite web |url=http://forums.winamp.com/showthread.php?t=451412|title=Shoutcast Release 2.5.5 (Build 733)|date=2017-10-10|website=Winamp & SHOUTcast Forums}}
2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.shoutcheap.com/can-i-stream-video-through-shoutcast/|title=Can I stream video through SHOUTcast? {{!}} Internet Radio & Audio Streaming|website=www.shoutcheap.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-11-15}}
3. ^The Seattle Times — Internet Radio — Computers Help You Hear What Might Be Broadcasts
4. ^{{cite news|url=https://techcrunch.com/2014/01/01/aol-sells-winamp-and-shoutcast-music-services-to-online-radio-aggregator-radionomy|title=AOL Sells Winamp And Shoutcast Music Services To Online Radio Aggregator Radionomy|last=Lunden|first=Ingrid|work=TechCrunch|publisher=AOL|date=1 January 2014}}
5. ^{{cite web|title=Winamp lives on after acquisition by Radionomy|url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/1/14/5263086/winamp-radionomy-acquisition-internet-radio-service|work=The Verge|accessdate=14 January 2014}}
6. ^{{cite web|title=Radionomy + SHOUTcast?|url=http://www.broadcastingworld.com/news/view-477/|work=Broadcasting World|accessdate=16 January 2014}}
7. ^Internet Radio | PSP (PlayStation Portable)
8. ^Internet Radio | SHOUTcast 2.0
9. ^Internet Radio | SHOUTcast's New Look
10. ^{{citation | url=http://www.zdnet.com/blog/open-source/new-vlc-more-open-source-than-ever/6724 | title=New VLC more open source than ever}}
11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.shoutcast.com/|title=Broadcast and Monetize Your Station with SHOUTcast|website=SHOUTcast|access-date=2017-11-15}}
12. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.wired.com/story/overwatch-videogame-league-aims-to-become-new-nfl/ | title = The Overwatch Videogame League Aims to Become the New NFL | first = Nathan | last = Hill | date = December 7, 2017 | accessdate = December 7, 2017 | work = Wired}}
13. ^Change log of version 2.5.1
14. ^Change log of version 2.4.7
15. ^http://yp.shoutcast.com/v/