| 词条 | Macrobrachium carcinus |
| 释义 |
| image = Macrobrachium carcinus.jpg | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | subphylum = Crustacea | classis = Malacostraca | ordo = Decapoda | infraordo = Caridea | familia = Palaemonidae | genus = Macrobrachium | species = M. carcinus | binomial = Macrobrachium carcinus | binomial_authority = (Linnaeus, 1758)[2] | synonyms =
| synonyms_ref = [2] }}Macrobrachium carcinus is a species of freshwater shrimp native to streams, rivers and creeks from Florida to southern Brazil.[1][3] It is the largest known species of Neotropical freshwater prawn, growing up to {{convert|30|cm}} long and weighing as much as {{convert|850|g}},[4] although even larger specimens have been reported.[5] It is an important species for commercial fishing in the Sao Francisco area, where it is known by the local name of pitu.[6] M. carcinus is omnivorous, with a diet consisting of molluscs, small fish, algae, leaf litter and insects.[7]M. carcinus has a tan or yellow body with dark brown stripes. Its chelae are unusually long and thin, to facilitate foraging for food in small crevices,[7] and may be blue or green in colour.[8] References1. ^1 {{IUCN|id=198003 |title=Macrobrachium carcinus |assessor=Cumberlidge, N. |assessor2=Smith, K. |last-assessor-amp=yes |version=2014.3 |year=2013 |accessdate=18 February 2015}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q3932093}}{{Decapod-stub}}2. ^1 {{cite WoRMS |author=Charles Fransen |year=2012 |title=Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758) |id=246169 |accessdate=1 June 2012}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/128503/details#distribution|title=Macrobrachium carcinus Bigclaw River Shrimp|work=Encyclopedia of Life|accessdate=1 June 2012}} 4. ^{{cite book |editor1=Michael Bernard New |editor2=Wagner Cotroni Valenti |editor3=James H. Tidwell |editor4=Louis R. D'Abramo |editor5=Methil Narayanan Kutty |title=Freshwater Prawns: Biology and Farming |chapter=Culture of other freshwater prawn species |author1=Methil Narayanan Kutty |author2=Wagner C. Valenti |lastauthoramp=yes |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z-7Xjy2ANvQC&pg=PA511 |year=2009 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-4051-4861-0|pages=502–523}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=Field & Stream|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-IXx9y49niUC&pg=PA78|accessdate=1 June 2012|date=June 1998|page=78|issn=8755-8599}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Joachim Carolsfeld|title=Migratory Fishes of South America: Biology, Fisheries and Conservation Status|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hjhpuDz5K_0C&pg=PA218|accessdate=1 June 2012|date=1 November 2003|publisher=IDRC|isbn=978-0-9683958-2-0|page=218}} 7. ^1 {{cite book|author=Douglas P. Reagan|title=The Food Web of a Tropical Rain Forest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uegRxo5t18YC&pg=PA452|accessdate=1 June 2012|date=1 September 1996|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-70599-6|page=452}} 8. ^{{cite book|author=Jerry G. Walls|title=Crawfishes of Louisiana|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JAG2Aut6yKcC&pg=PA220|accessdate=1 June 2012|date=1 April 2009|publisher=LSU Press|isbn=978-0-8071-3409-2|page=220}} 3 : Palaemonoidea|Crustaceans described in 1758|Freshwater crustaceans of South America |
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