| 词条 | Mahishi |
| 释义 |
| name = Mahishi | native_name = {{lang|hi|महिषी}} {{lang|ur|مہیسی}} | type = Village | image_skyline = | image_caption = | image_seal = | image_map = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = India Bihar#India | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Bihar, India | coordinates = {{coord|25.8543767|86.4650201|region:IN-BR_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = Mahishi | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = Bihar | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Saharsa | established_title = | established_date = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = {{ref|area|†}} | area_total_km2 = | area_note = | area_rank = | area_code_type = Telephone code | area_code = 06478 | postal_code_type = PIN | postal_code = 852216 | registration_plate = BR | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 47.0 | population_total = 19073 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_note = | population_demonym = | population_footnotes = | blank1_name_sec2 = Language | blank1_info_sec2 = Hindi, Maithili, Urdu | blank2_name_sec2 = Additional language | blank2_info_sec2 = English | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +05:30 | blank1_name_sec1 = Sex ratio | blank1_info_sec1 = 900 females per 1000 males ♂/♀ ♂/♀ | website = | iso_code = IN-BR | footnotes = }} Mahishi is a Village with population of about 19 thousand is Mahishi sub district's the most populous village, located in Mahishi sub district of Saharsa district in the state Bihar in India. Total geographical area of Mahishi village is 28 km2 and it is the biggest village by area in the sub district. Population density of the village is 685 persons per km2.↵Nearest railway station is Saharsa. Nearest town of the village is Saharsa and distance from Mahishi village to Saharsa is 17 km. The village has its own post office and the pin code of Mahishi village is 852216. The village comes under Mahishi South, Mahshi North panchayat. Mahishi is the sub district headquarters and the distance from the village is 6 km. District headquarter of the village is Saharsa which is 17 km away. [1]The place is connected by boath roadways and railways. HistoryMahishi a small town mentioned by Adi Sankaracharya in his book for his debate with Maṇḍana Miśra, and his wife Ubhay Bharti in 8th Century(BC). Maṇḍana Miśra, who was leading a householder's life (Grihastha), to debate the merits of their respective schools of thought.[16] While trying to find the house of Maṇḍana, Sankara asked for directions and was told the following: {{block quote| You will find a home at whose gates there are a number of caged parrots discussing abstract topics like — 'Do the Vedas have self-validity or do they depend on some external authority for their validity? Are karmas capable of yielding their fruits directly, or do they require the intervention of God to do so? Is the world eternal, or is it a mere appearance?' Where you find the caged parrots discussing such abstruse philosophical problems, you will know that you have reached Maṇḍana's place.}}According to Shri DayanandJha, Mahishi is being an important site related to Goddess Tara, the second Mahavidya of Hindu cult is often here allude to the sadhana performed by Lord Buddha (a manifestation of Lord Vishnu) and Vasistha, a Buddhist Tantric scholar and monk. At Mahishi, Tara is threefold viz. Ugratara, Ekjata and Neel-Saraswati. The antiquities of the Mahishi take us back to the centuries before the Christ. And there are monuments, records that cover span of centuries until recent time. The principle deities is the Tara. Here one sees the assimilation of the Buddhist Vajrayan and the Shiv-Shakti Tantrik cult, on the one hand the representation of the Neel-Swaraswati and the Ekjata. Tathagat Akshovya is conveniently changed into form a form of great teacher. Mahishi was an important centre of Tantric worship. Buddhism by this date was completely assimilated into Brahminism and Buddha was taken as an Avatara. It is therefore natural to find Buddhist deities along with Hindu deities in this area. Goddess Tara is Buddhist form of Kali. The Tara cult possibly, initiated as a part of the Tantric Vajrayana practice within the Buddhism. She is also considered as the Shakti of Lord Buddha. With the downfall of Buddhism in its motherland and under dominated Bhagavatism, it was gradually sanctified and absorbed into the mainstream Hindu cult of Shakti and Spirit worship. Shri Dayanand Jha in his seminal work Mahishi: Kosi's Vishwagram explained these issues in greater detail. In a recent work “A History of Indian Literature – Hindu Tantric and Sakta literature” published from Germany, following has been mentioned: “Mithila (Tirhut), the land adjacent to Bengal, presents a similar situation. An ancient and influential Sakta Tantric tradition has existed in that country and continues even today…poets like Vidyapati composed ballads and songs about the Goddess and the Maithili Tantric literature has certainly influenced Bengali Tantric literature. Maithili literature is closely related to Bengali both linguistically and culturally, this is especially true when it comes to Tantra.” An authentic work on Tantra named “The Ten Great Indian Powers” by Shri S. Shankarnarayan says that the worship of Tara is at least as old as the Vedas. It has been prevalent in Kashmir, Mithila and Tibet, the popular land of Buddhism. Mahishi had a temple of Ugratara, where people went for Sadhana during the Navratra. This is the only temple in Bihar, dedicated to Ugratara. The temple contains an image of Ugratara (Khadirvani Tara) probably imported from Tibet through Nepal. It is a black stone sculpture about 1.6 m in height. She is in an intensely pleasant mood.The image is highly ornamented. It is one of the finest piece and brilliant example of Idol ever-seen - Shri Jha observes. It also has idols of Ekjata and Neelasaraswati on either side of Tara. A small stone pillar has been fixed on the backside of the deity. A painted snake-hood figure has been kept on the pillar. Debate took place in the Mahishi village, Maṇḍana Miśra and his wife got defeated. After defeat, he started life as a Mīmāmsaka, but changed his name and became a sannyāsin and an Advaitin. Maṇḍana Miśra, who was a contemporary of Shankara, may have been more influential in the Advaita Vedanta tradition than is usually acknowledged.Mahishi is also the village of great Maithili and Hindi writer Rajkamal Choudhary. DemographicsThe village is home to about 19 thousand people, among them about 10 thousand (53%) are male and 9035 (47%) are female. 81% of the whole population are from general caste, 19% are from schedule caste and 0% are schedule tribes. Child (aged under 6 years) population of Mahishi village is 18%, among them 52% are boys and 48% are girls. There are 3842 households in the village and an average 5 persons live in every family. In Mahishi village population of children with age 0-6 is 3522 which makes up 18.47 % of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Mahishi village is 900 which is lower than Bihar state average of 918. Child Sex Ratio for the Mahisi as per census is 927, lower than Bihar average of 935.[2] Population of the village has increased by 37.1% in last 10 years. In 2001 census total population here were about 14 thousand. Female population growth rate of the village is 35.6% which is -3% lower than male population growth rate of 38.6%. General caste population has increased by 31.7%; Schedule caste population has increased by 65.2% and child population has increased by 51% in the village since last census. Literacy rate (children under 6 are excluded) of Mahisi is 64%. 74% of male and 53% of female population are literate here. EconomyMahishi has 29% (5606) population engaged in either main or marginal works. 46% male and 11% female population are working population. See also
References1. ^http://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/226382-mahisi-bihar.html {{Saharsa district}}2. ^http://indikosh.com/vill/240869/mahisi 2 : Villages in Saharsa district|Populated places in Mithila, India |
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