| 词条 | Sidney Shapiro |
| 释义 |
| name = Sidney Shapiro | birth_date = {{Birth date|1915|12|23}} | birth_place = Brooklyn, New York City, New York, U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|2014|10|18|1915|12|23}} | death_place = Beijing, China | other_names = {{zh|c=沙博理}} | occupation = Author, actor, lawyer, translator | known_for = Translation of Chinese novels of notable Chinese authors such as Ba Jin and Mao Dun into English. Became citizen of People's Republic of China. | spouse = Fengzi }} Sidney Shapiro ({{zh|c=沙博理|p=Shā Bólǐ}}) (December 23, 1915 – October 18, 2014) was an American-born Chinese translator, actor and author who lived in China from 1947 to 2014. He lived in Beijing for over a half century and was a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Council. He was one of very few naturalized citizens of the PRC. Early lifeShapiro was born in Brooklyn, New York City, New York. He was of Ashkenazi Jewish descent. He was a graduate of St. John’s University, New York.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}[1] NationalityShapiro held citizenship of the People's Republic of China from 1963, before the Cultural Revolution, to the end of his life. He was a member of the People's Political Consultative Conference, a governmental assembly of the PRC which ostensibly provides a forum for input from non-Communist political organizations. CareerIn 1941, Shapiro was a 32-year old Brooklyn-born Jewish lawyer and he had enlisted in the U.S. Army. He applied for French Language School but was sent to an Army Chinese-language school in San Francisco, California.[1] Shapiro's connections with China began during World War II, when he was serving in the United States armed forces. He was chosen to learn Chinese by the United States Army in preparation for a possible American landing in Japanese-occupied China. After attaining a law degree in the US, he went to China, arriving in Shanghai in 1947. There, he met his future wife, an actress named Fengzi (Phoenix), who was a supporter of the Communist Party of China prior to its ascent to power. Beginning in the Cultural Revolution, she spent 10 years under house arrest for her opposition to Mao's wife, Jiang Qing.[2] She later became one of the most prominent drama critics in the People's Republic.{{Citation needed|date=August 2008}} In 1958, Shapiro translated The Family a Chinese novel by Ba Jin or Pa Chin. Ba Jin is the pen name of Li Yaotang (aka Feigan) and he is one of the widely read Chinese writers of the 20th century. The translated novel was originally published by Foreign Languages Press (Beijing). Shapiro's translation was based on the 1953 People's Publishing House text, in which the author made corrections. The 1972 New York edition omits the article "the" from the title, which makes Family a more general concept rather than limiting it to this particular family. In her Editor's Note, Lang discusses the history of the text, pointing out that certain passages, the anarchist elements, had been deleted from the 1958 Foreign Languages Press edition. The Anchor edition restored three prefaces by the author, newly translated, as well as some of the omitted passages.[3] In 1997, after withdrawing the original version from publication for fear of offending Chinese authorities, his memoir I Chose China: The Metamorphosis of a Country & a Man was published.[4][1] Through his literary translations he has remained at the forefront of helping people overseas learn about China's past and present. His literary translations, which range from the classical to the modern, include the Ming Dynasty masterpiece Outlaws of the Marsh and the well-known 20th century outcries against bigotry and backwardness such as Ba Jin's The Family and Mao Dun's Spring Silkworms.[5] For nearly 50 years, he was employed by the state-run Foreign Languages Press (FLP) as a translator of works of Chinese literature. He is best known for his highly regarded English version of Outlaws of the Marsh, one of the most important classics of Chinese literature. FLP recently reissued Shapiro's translation as part of a bilingual collection called Library of Chinese Classics. Shapiro was also an actor in many Chinese movies, typecast as the American villain.[1] PersonalIn 1948, Shapiro married Fengzi (aka Phoenix), an actress. She was also a writer and magazine editor. Shapiro had a daughter.[1][6][7] Phoenix died in 1996.[1] On October 18, 2014, Shapiro died in Beijing, China. He was 98.[8][7] LegacyOn 26 December 2014 it was announced that the China International Publishing Group was establishing a Sidney Shapiro Research Center in honor of the translator to investigate model criteria for translation between Chinese and English.[9] Works
Translated works (Chinese to English)
TranslationsThe following is a list of notable Chinese authors translated by Shapiro.
See also{{Portal|China|Biography|United States|Judaism}}
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Dec 23, 2014. An American Dies in China...and Why I Mourn Him! {{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jay-weston/an-american-dies-in-china_b_6037784.html| title=Huffingtonpost.com |accessdate= Dec 17, 2016}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1999/mar/30/news/mn-22443 |title=Expatriates' Long March Through China's History - Los Angeles Times |publisher=Articles.latimes.com |date=1999-03-30 |accessdate=2012-03-04}} 3. ^Shapiro, Sidney (translator). Family {{cite web|url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/255095.Family | title=goodreads.com |accessdate= Dec 17, 2016}} 4. ^1 Shapiro, Sidney. I Chose China: The Metamorphosis of a Country & a Man {{cite web|url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/561647.I_Chose_China| title=goodreads.com |accessdate= Dec 17, 2016}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/NM-e/152723.htm| title=china.org.cn 90-year-old Shapiro Celebrates His Fruitful Life in China |accessdate= Dec 17, 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/NM-e/152723.htm| title=china.org.cn|accessdate= Dec 17, 2016}} 7. ^1 Oct 21, 2014. Shanghai Daily. {{cite web|url=http://www.china.org.cn/china/2014-10/21/content_33820794.htm | title=china.org.cn Sidney Shapiro dies in Beijing|accessdate= Dec 17, 2016}} 8. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/read/article/american-born-chinese-author-and-translator-sha-boli-dead-a-98|title=American-born Chinese author and translator Sha Boli dead at 98|publisher=themalaymailonline.com|date=October 20, 2014}} 9. ^Zhang Yue, "Research center honors late translator, China Daily USA, Dec. 26, 2014. External links
16 : 1915 births|2014 deaths|Male actors from New York City|American emigrants to China|Chinese–English translators|Chinese Jews|Chinese male actors|Chinese non-fiction writers|Chinese people of American-Jewish descent|Jewish American attorneys|Jewish American male actors|Jewish American writers|Lawyers from New York City|Naturalized citizens of the People's Republic of China|People from Brooklyn|Writers from New York City |
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