“Sierra County, California”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Sierra County is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 3,240^[3] making it California's second-least populous county. The county seat is Downieville,^[4] and the only incorporated city is Loyalton. The county is in the Sierra Nevada, northeast of Sacramento on the border with Nevada.

History

Sierra County was formed from parts of Yuba County in 1852. The county derives its name from the Sierra Nevada.

Prior to the California Gold Rush, the area was home to both the Maidu and the Washoe peoples. They generally summered in the higher elevations to hunt and fish, and returned to lower elevations for the winter months.^[5] After the discovery of gold in the Sierra foothills sparked the California Gold Rush, more than 16,000 miners settled in Sierra County between 1848-1860. Most mining settlements in the county sprung up along the North and Middle Forks of the Yuba River, both of which had rich deposits of gold. While some of the mining boom towns faded away once gold fever died down, other settlements such as Downieville and Sierra City have remained.^[6]^[7]

Notable gold nuggets found in the county include a 26.5 pound specimen, avoirdupois, found by a group of sailors at Sailor Ravine, two miles above Downieville. A 51-pound specimen was found in 1853 by a group of Frenchmen in French Ravine. The 106 pound Monumental Nugget was found in Sept. 1869 at Sierra City.^[8]

The Bald Mountain drift mine in Forest City was founded in Aug. 1864, and was the largest of its kind in the state at the time. The Bald Mountain Extension was located in 1874 east of Forest. The Monte Cristo Mine was located in 1854. The largest quartz-mine is the Sierra Buttes Gold Mine was located in 1850 near Sierra City. The Gold Bluff Mine was located near Downnieville in 1854. By 1880 the county was "crushing" 70,000 tons of quartz and had 266 miles of mining ditches.^[8]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of {{convert|962|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|953|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|9.0|sqmi}} (0.9%) is water.^[9]

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

Politics

Voter registration statistics

Cities by population and voter registration

Overview

Sierra County at one time had favored the Democratic party in Presidential elections and was one of few counties in California to be won by George McGovern. In more recent times it is a strongly Republican county in Presidential and congressional elections. The last Democrat to win a majority in the county was Jimmy Carter in 1976.

On November 4, 2008, Sierra County voted 64.2% for Proposition 8, which amended the California Constitution to ban same-sex marriages.{{cn|date=September 2018}}

Transportation

Major highways

County roads

Public transportation

Public transportation in Sierra County is limited to vans run by senior citizen agencies in Downieville and Loyalton which the general public may ride on a space-available basis.^[14]

Airport

Sierraville-Dearwater Field Airport is a general aviation airport located near Sierraville.

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Demographics

2015

As of 2015 the largest self-reported ancestry groups in Sierra County, California are:^[17]

2011

Places by population, race, and income

2010

The 2010 United States Census reported that Sierra County had a population of 3,240. The racial makeup of Sierra County was 3,022 (93.3%) White, 6 (0.2%) African American, 44 (1.4%) Native American, 12 (0.4%) Asian, 2 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 75 (2.3%) from other races, and 79 (2.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 269 persons (8.3%).^[32]

2000

As of the census^[33] of 2000, there were 3,555 people, 1,520 households and 986 families residing in the county. The population density was 4 people per square mile (1/km²). There were 2,202 housing units at an average density of 2 per square mile (1/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 94.2% White, 0.2% Black or African American, 1.9% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.0% from other races, and 2.5% from two or more races. Six percent of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Eighteen percent were of English ancestry, 16% were of Irish, 11% German and 8% Italian ancestry.^[34] Over ninety-five (95.3) percent spoke English and 3.4% Spanish as their first language.

There were 1,520 households out of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.1% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.1% were non-families. 29.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.83.

In the county, the population was spread out with 23.3% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 24.0% from 25 to 44, 30.2% from 45 to 64, and 17.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 102.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.9 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $35,827, and the median income for a family was $42,756. Males had a median income of $36,121 versus $30,000 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,815. About 9.0% of families and 11.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.3% of those under age 18 and 2.2% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Communities

City

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

Ghost towns

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Sierra County.^[35]

Trivia

See also

Notes

1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}}
2. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.sierracounty.ca.gov/index.aspx?nid=182 |title=Board of Supervisors |publisher=County of Sierra |accessdate=November 28, 2016 }}
3. ^¹²{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/06091.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=April 6, 2016}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|accessdate=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}
5. ^Sierra County History, 2008, The Online Guide to Sierra County, accessed 02 April 2013
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sierracounty.ws/index.php?module=pagemaster&PAGE_user_op=view_page&PAGE_id=27&MMN_position=142:142|title=Sierra County, CA - Official Website - Official Website|author=|date=|website=www.sierracounty.ws|accessdate=30 March 2018}}
7. ^Sierra Valley, Sierra County History, 2012, East Sierra Valley Chamber of Commerce, accessed 02 April 2013
8. ^¹{{cite book|last1=Gilbert|first1=Frank|last2=Wells|first2=Harry|title=Illustrated History of Plumas, Lassen & Sierra Counties, with California from 1513 to 1850|date=1882|publisher=Fariss & Smith|location=San Francisco|pages=478–483}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}
10. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹¹⁰¹¹¹²¹³¹⁴¹⁵¹⁶U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B02001. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
11. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹¹⁰¹¹¹²¹³¹⁴¹⁵¹⁶California Secretary of State. February 10, 2013 - Report of Registration {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103000000/http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/ror/ror-pages/ror-odd-year-2013/political-sub.pdf |date=November 3, 2013 }}. Retrieved 2013-10-31.
12. ^¹Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.
13. ^{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=2018-09-01}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lsctahoe.com/Sierra%20RTP/Sierra%202005%20RTP%20Chap%202.pdf|title=Sierra County 2005 Regional Transportation Plan |accessdate=2007-04-01|author=County of Sierra, Calif|date=2006-04-19|format=PDF |work=Sierra County 2005 Regional Transportation Plan |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20061018095841/http://www.lsctahoe.com/Sierra%20RTP/Sierra%202005%20RTP%20Chap%202.pdf |archivedate = 2006-10-18}}
15. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹Office of the Attorney General, Department of Justice, State of California. Table 11: Crimes – 2009 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202222315/http://stats.doj.ca.gov/cjsc_stats/prof09/00/11.pdf |date=2013-12-02 }}. Retrieved 2013-11-14.
16. ^Only larceny-theft cases involving property over $400 in value are reported as property crimes.
17. ^{{cite web|url=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/15_5YR/DP02/0500000US06091|title=American FactFinder - Results|first=U.S. Census|last=Bureau|date=|website=factfinder.census.gov|accessdate=30 March 2018}}
18. ^¹U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B03003. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
19. ^¹U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19301. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
20. ^¹U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19013. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
21. ^¹U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19113. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
22. ^¹U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
23. ^Other = Some other race + Two or more races
24. ^Native American = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander + American Indian or Alaska Native
25. ^U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B01003. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
26. ^¹²³⁴Data unavailable
27. ^{{cite web|url=https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population|accessdate=July 29, 2018}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=May 31, 2014}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|accessdate=May 31, 2014}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ca190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=May 31, 2014}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=May 31, 2014}}
32. ^{{USCensus2010CA}}
33. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-05-14|title=American FactFinder}}
34. ^Sierra County, CA ANCESTRY & FAMILY HISTORY, 2007, accessed 02 April 2013
35. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/2010census/|title=US Census Bureau 2010 Census|first=Center for New Media and|last=Promotions|date=|website=www.census.gov|accessdate=30 March 2018}}
36. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.sierracounty.ws/index.php?module=pagemaster&PAGE_user_op=view_page&PAGE_id=4&MMN_position=5:5 | title=Sierra County Government Directory | accessdate=2011-03-05}}
37. ^La Ganga, Maria L., Sierra County (where everyone votes by mail) is serious about elections, 22 May 2009, Los Angeles Times, accessed 02 April 2013