“Ma Mati Manush”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Ma Mati Manush ({{lang-bn|মা মাটি মানুষ}}, {{audio-nohelp|Ma Mati Manush pronunciation.ogg|pronunciation}}) is a Bengali political slogan, coined by All India Trinamool Congress chief and current Chief Minister of West Bengal Mamata Banerjee. The term is translated as "Mother, Motherland, and People". It became very popular in West Bengal during the 2009 General election and 2011 state assembly election. The slogan was widely used by the political party in almost all of their political and election campaigns.

Later, Mamata Banerjee wrote a book in Bengali with the same title.^[1] Multiple Bengali theatre groups produced dramas with this slogan in the title. A song was also recorded, with the same title, to glorify the theme. According to a report published in June 2011, it was one of the six most popular political slogans in India at that time.^[2]

History

This slogan was coined by All India Trinamool Congress chief Mamata Banerjee as their "war cry" before 2009 General election of India.^[3]^[4]^[5] and eventually became the signature slogan of Banerjee and her party. The three words of the slogan "Ma", "Mati" and "Manush" which mean "Mother", "(Mother)land" and "People" respectively were three powerful emotional elements.^[2]

Political campaigns and elections

The slogan was widely used by the political party in almost every one of their political and election campaigns; these campaigns also condemned acts under the existent government, including Nandigram violence, Singur Tata Nano controversy, land acquisition issues, death of Rizwanur Rahman, the Sachar Commission report, and even in the common daily life issues like protests against power cuts, protests against rail accidents etc.^[6]^[7] Nandigram, Singur issues and this slogan were the main weapons of All India Trinamool Congress against the ruling Left Front government of West Bengal.^[7]

Influence

This simplistic slogan had bigger impact and influence on common people than the theoretical jargons used by the Left Front parties.^[8] According to a report published in Indian newspaper Daily News and Analysis, this slogan helped "Trinamool Congress chief Mamata Banerjee virtually flatten the ruling Left Front in West Bengal Lok Sabha and civic polls".^[9] After winning the assembly election Banerjee dedicated the victory to Ma Mati Manush.^[10] According to a minister of West Bengal and also a leader of Trinamool Congress, Banerjee rode to success on this slogan and it was a "political coinage".^[11]

Adaptations

Book

After the slogan became popular, Mamata Banerjee published a book of poems titled Ma Mati Manush. The poems of this book were mainly political in nature. The book was published by the Dey's Publishers of Kolkata.^[1]

Song

A song was also recorded to glorify the theme Ma Mati Manush. The song was written by Anindya Chatterjee, lead vocalist of the Bengali band Chandrabindoo, and focused on communal harmony. The first two lines of the song were– "Eta Ma Mati Manusher din. Eta Ma Mati Manusher gaan (This is the day of Ma Mati Manush, It is the song of Ma Mati Manush)."^[12]

Film poster

In 2009, the slogan was used in the posters of Bengali film Krishna. Shankar Roy, the director of the film told in an interview– "Yes, we were inspired by Trinamool’s slogan, which for us means revolt against corruption".^[4]

Theatre

The popularity of the slogan gave rise to a number of jatras (street plays) as well.^[13] In 2009, Uttam Opera of West Bengal staged a jatra titled Ma Mati Manush Kadche... Agnikanya Aschhe. In the same year, Shilpilok Opera staged another jatra, named Ma Matir Lorai.^[4]

Political magazine

In February 2011, Trinamool Congress launched their party magazine Ma Mati Manush and attempted to reach as many people as possible through the magazine. This magazine was also a "brainchild" of Mamata Banerjee. The chief editor of the magazine was Subrata Bakshi who was at that time a legislator of the state too.^[14]

Criticism

References

1. ^¹{{cite web|title=Ma Mati Manush book|url=http://websys.co.in/boibangla/product_details.php?id=307|accessdate=8 March 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130412225444/http://websys.co.in/boibangla/product_details.php?id=307|archivedate=12 April 2013|df=}}
2. ^¹²{{cite news | url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/slideshow_six-popular-contemporary-slogans_1570374-5#top | title=Six popular slogans | date=28 June 2011 | accessdate=8 March 2013 | newspaper=DNA India}}
3. ^¹{{cite news | url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-05-13/news/29540222_1_mamata-banerjee-trinamool-congress-west-bengal | title=Mamata Banerjee: Its a victory for 'maa, maati, manush' | date=13 May 2011 | accessdate=10 March 2013 | newspaper=Economic Times}}
4. ^¹²{{cite news | url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1091125/jsp/calcutta/story_11757754.jsp | title=Mamata slogan invades stage and screen | date=25 November 2009 | accessdate=10 March 2013 | newspaper=The Telegraph (Calcutta) | location=Calcutta, India}}
5. ^{{cite book|author=Amitava Nag|title=Silhouette|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tCnv5m2PlH8C&pg=PA103|accessdate=10 March 2013|publisher=Silhouette Magazine|page=103|id=GGKEY:YZLCKEXH49Q}}
6. ^{{cite news|title=Didi perfects the art of the impossible|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-06-03/india/28275950_1_ma-mati-manush-mamata-banerjee-trinamool-congress|accessdate=10 March 2013|newspaper=The Times of India|date=3 June 2010}}
7. ^¹{{cite news|title=Singur, Nandigram Were Way to Writers' for Mamata|url=http://news.outlookindia.com/items.aspx?artid=722602|accessdate=10 March 2013|newspaper=Outlook|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202162800/http://news.outlookindia.com/items.aspx?artid=722602|archivedate=2 February 2014|df=}}
8. ^{{cite news|title=Fair abuse: 'Elite' Mamata betraying her own support base?|url=http://news.oneindia.in/feature/2013/fair-abuse-elite-mamata-kicking-her-support-base-1144802.html|accessdate=10 March 2013|newspaper=One India}}
9. ^{{cite news|title=Ma, Mati, Manush — CPM invokes Mamata’s slogan|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_ma-mati-manush-cpm-invokes-mamata-s-slogan_1394226|accessdate=8 March 2013|newspaper=DNA (News)|date=Jun 10, 2010}}
10. ^{{cite news|title=Green signal for Ma-Mati-Manush|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/green-signal-for-mamatimanush/790751|accessdate=8 March 2013|newspaper=Indian Express}}
11. ^{{cite news|title=3M slogan out of MK speech|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120316/jsp/bengal/story_15257284.jsp#.UTwYEzeElZM|accessdate=10 March 2013|newspaper=The Telegraph (Calcutta)|location=Calcutta, India|date=16 March 2012}}
12. ^{{cite news|title='Ma Mati Manush' song at traffic intersections|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/-ma-mati-manush-song-at-traffic-intersections-112052000205_1.html|accessdate=8 March 2013}}
13. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/it-s-maa-mati-manush-and-mamata-for-bengal-s-theatre-groups/477960 | title=It’s maa, mati, manush and Mamata for Bengal’s theatre groups | work=indianexpress.com | date=18 June 2009 | accessdate=March 11, 2013 | author=Bandyopadhyay, Mouparna}}
14. ^{{cite news|title=Party unveils Ma-Mati-Manush|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/party-unveils-mamatimanush/752651|accessdate=10 March 2013|newspaper=Indian Express}}
15. ^{{cite news|title=Briefs|url=http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=367031&catid=73|accessdate=10 March 2013|newspaper=The Statesman|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130413232924/http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=367031&catid=73|archivedate=13 April 2013|df=}}