“Sikaran”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Sikaran is a Filipino Martial Art that involves hand and mostly foot fighting.

As Sikaran is a general term for kicking which is also used as the name of the kicking aspects of other Filipino Martial arts, this article discusses the distinct art which is specifically practiced in the Rizal province that focuses almost exclusively in kicking.

Definition

Sikaran comes from the root word sikad which means kick in Tagalog, Capampangan (e.g. sikaran daka - "I'm going to kick you"), as well as Cebuano (e.g. "sikaran tika").^[1]

History

Sikaran is a simple but intense martial art game that originated from the town of Baras in the province of Rizal. According to the forefathers of Baras, it had been practiced long before the Spaniards came to the Philippines in the 16th century.{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}}

It is noted that like most Filipino martial arts, Sikaran has no written history as traditional Filipino knowledge is passed orally from generation to generation.

Like many Filipino martial arts styles, it has been endangered as it does not have as many practitioners as the more mainstream martial arts. Like Modern Arnis, in the mid-20th century, it had to adapt certain structural aspects of the more well known art of Karate like the belting system, choreographed forms or Katas and uniforms to make it more appealing other Filipinos and be more accepted internationally.^[2]

Fighting Style

Sikaran has its own distinct kicking styles.^[3] The signature Biakid kick is executed by pivoting to the back in a complete turn, much like a spinning hook kick or a reverse round house in other martial arts styles and targets the side or back of the head while the practitioner is in mid to punching range.

The degree of effectiveness subscribes to two classifications: "panghilo" (paralyzing blow) and "pamatay" or lethal kick. Obviously the first aimed at less vital parts of the physique, while the target of the second includes the heart, neck, head, groin, and spine, all highly vulnerable parts.

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IwBgqJ2eRS8 Footage] from the Last Man Standing UK TV series episode on Sikaran (YouTube link, uploaded by the Sikaran group featured) shows how the style practiced in the province is done differently from Korean Taekwondo and Japanese Karate.^[4] There have been questions on the art of Sikaran as being native to the Philippines or being borrowed from Karate and Tae Kwon Do, but as can be seen in the Last Man Standing footage, to the farmers watching the sport and cheering on the sidelines, it is simply an ordinary sight common to their particular village, much like Sabong (cockfighting) is in the rest of the Philippines.

Sport

Sikaran utilizes only the feet as a rule for sport, and the hands are only used for blocking. The player uses his legs 90% of the time and his hands 10%, and only for blocking or parrying blows. Violation of this injunction, especially in tournaments, is ground for disqualification.

The entry of Sikaran in tournaments, particularly those of international calibre, presaged certain modifications, if innovations, of its original rules, like the setting of a time limit and widening of the fighting area into twice the size required of the original arena, and the wearing of armor for safety reasons as it is played full contact and bare-chested with no armour or groinguard in the original province. (Filipino martial artists from more modest means generally have no such access to these Western accessories)

Global Expansion

Sikaran began growing globally after the participation in International Martial Arts tournaments in the middle to late 1960s, as a result of which four senior practitioners, including Martial Law era activist hero Nestor Principe,^[5] were recruited to teach the art in Malaysia.^[6]

Over the last several decades Sikaran has spread across the globe where Filipino practitioners have established schools. Global locations include America, Australia, Saudi Arabia and Canada.

Hari Osias Banaag, originator of the Global Sikaran Federation and diplomat for the Traditional game, He recently attended and was warmly received at the UNESCO Collective Consultation Meeting on the Preservation and the Promotion of Traditional Sports and Game (TSG).Hari Osias Banaag is an appointed member of Ad hoc Advisory Committee Traditional Sports and Games, UNESCO(TSG)Ref

The most well known organisations include but are not limited to the World Sikaran Arnis Brotherhood, Global Sikaran Federation and United Sikaran Alliance.

The expansion has seen the growth and evolution of the kick-based style. Over the last decade, variants of the original Sikaran have been seen to be combined with other martial arts styles to create hybrid variants such as Sikaran Mandirigma and the Australian Boxing/kickboxing variant Saboong Kickboxing. This should not be confused with Kali-Sikaran which is a modern Filipino Martial art, that is not related to the style originating from Rizal.

References

1. ^Filipino Foot Fighting Mallari, Perry Gil S., FMA Pulse, September 21, 2010
2. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.sikaranpilipinas.com/History/1946-present.html | title=History: 1946 to present | publisher=Sikaran Pilipinas }}
3. ^{{cite web | url=http://sikaranpilipinas.com/History/techniques.html | title=Techniques of Sikaran | publisher=Sikaran Pilipinas}}
4. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/lastmanstanding/locations/philippines.shtml | title=Last Man Standing Season 2 episode 7 - Sikaran: Kick-fighting in the Philippines | publisher=BBC Television}}
5. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.sikaranpilipinas.com/History/pdf/Passing-of-the_Torch.pdf |title=The Passing of the Torch |last=Querubin |first=Emmanuel ES |date=2015 |website=www.sikaranpilipinas.com |archive-url=https://archive.is/YDbos |archive-date=2018-12-03 |dead-url=Yes}}
6. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.bantayog.org/principe-nestor-labastilla/ |title=Heroes & Martyrs: PRINCIPE, Nestor Labastilla |date=2018-11-28 |website=Bantayog ng mga Bayani |language=en-US |access-date=2018-12-03}}