| 词条 | Sikasso |
| 释义 |
|name = Sikasso |official_name = |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = City and urban commune |total_type = |motto = |translit_lang1= |translit_lang1_type= |translit_lang1_info= |translit_lang1_type1= |translit_lang1_info1= |translit_lang1_type2= |translit_lang1_info2= |image_skyline =Sikasso marche tomat 2008.jpg |imagesize =300px |image_caption =Women merchants sell tomatoes, fruit, nuts and used clothing in stalls and on tables at the Sikasso Market, February 2008. |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Mali |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption =Location within Mali |pushpin_mapsize =300 |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{MLI}} |subdivision_type1 = Region |subdivision_name1 = Sikasso |subdivision_type2 = Cercle |subdivision_name2 = Sikasso Cercle |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |seat_type = |seat = |parts_type = |parts_style = |p1 = |p2 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = |established_date = c. 1800 |established_title1 = |established_date1 = 1876 |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |founder =Mansa Douala |named_for = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes =[1] |area_total_km2 =400 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_dunam = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = |elevation_footnotes =[2] |elevation_m =410 |elevation_ft = |elevation_max_m = |elevation_max_ft = |elevation_min_m = |elevation_min_ft = |population_as_of =2009 census |population_footnotes = [3] |population_note = |population_total =225753 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |timezone = GMT |utc_offset = +0 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = | coor_type = |coordinates = {{coord|11|19|N|5|40|W|region:ML|display=inline,title}} |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |twin1 =Brive-la-Gaillarde |twin1_country =France |twin2 = |twin2_country = |twin3 = |twin3_country = |twin4 = |twin4_country = |twin5 = |twin5_country = |twin6 = |twin6_country = |twin7 = |twin7_country = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |blank2_name = |blank2_info = |blank3_name = |blank3_info = |blank4_name = |blank4_info = |blank5_name = |blank5_info = |blank6_name = |blank6_info = |website = |footnotes = }} Sikasso is a city in the south of Mali and the capital of the Sikasso Cercle and the Sikasso Region. It is Mali's second largest city with 225,753 residents in the 2009 census. HistorySikasso was founded at the beginning of the nineteenth century by Mansa Douala. The town was a small village until 1876 when Tieba Traoré, whose mother came from Sikasso, became King of the Kénédougou Empire and moved its capital there. He established his palace on the sacred Mamelon hill (now home to a water tower) and constructed a tata or fortifying wall to defend against the attacks of both the Malinke conqueror Samori Ture and the French colonial army. The city withstood a long siege from 1887 to 1888 but fell to the French in 1898; rather than surrender to the colonial army, Tieba's brother Babemba Traoré, who had succeeded him as king, committed suicide, honoring the famous Bamanankan saying "Saya ka fisa ni maloya ye" (literally: death is preferable to shame). Attractions today include the large market, Mamelon hill, the remains of Tieba Traoré's tata, and the nearby Missirikoro Grotto. The festival Triangle du balafon takes place every June, celebrating the traditional Malian instrument. Sikasso's sister city is Brive-la-Gaillarde, France. GeographyLocated {{convert|375|km}} southeast of Bamako, {{convert|100|km}} north of Côte d'Ivoire, and {{convert|45|km}} west of Burkina Faso, Sikasso acts as a crossroads between the coastal countries (Togo, Bénin, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire) and the landlocked Mali and Burkina Faso. Sikasso's ethnic groups include the Senufo Bamana,(mainly the Supyire), the Bobo (or Bobo Fing, lit. 'black Bobo'), and the Minianka (Mamara Senufo). Sikasso has abundant agriculture. Sikasso's fruit and vegetable production guarantees the city's self-sufficiency, sparing it from reliance on international food aid. ClimateSikasso features a tropical wet and dry climate under the Köppen climate classification. The city receives just under {{convert|1,200|mm|in|0}} of rain each year, most of which falls between May and September. August is both the wettest and the coolest month. The highest temperatures are reached at the end of the dry season in March and April when the average daily maximum temperatures are just above {{convert|37|C|1}}.[4] {{Weather box|location = Sikasso, Mali (1950–2000, extremes 1940–1994) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 40.5 |Feb record high C = 41.2 |Mar record high C = 42.1 |Apr record high C = 42.0 |May record high C = 44.0 |Jun record high C = 39.2 |Jul record high C = 42.2 |Aug record high C = 36.7 |Sep record high C = 38.9 |Oct record high C = 38.9 |Nov record high C = 40.0 |Dec record high C = 39.2 |year record high C = 44.0 |Jan high C = 33.5 |Feb high C = 36.0 |Mar high C = 37.4 |Apr high C = 37.3 |May high C = 35.6 |Jun high C = 32.9 |Jul high C = 30.7 |Aug high C = 29.9 |Sep high C = 31.0 |Oct high C = 33.3 |Nov high C = 34.4 |Dec high C = 33.1 |year high C = 33.8 |Jan low C = 15.3 |Feb low C = 18.3 |Mar low C = 22.1 |Apr low C = 24.6 |May low C = 24.1 |Jun low C = 22.4 |Jul low C = 21.5 |Aug low C = 21.4 |Sep low C = 21.3 |Oct low C = 21.5 |Nov low C = 18.5 |Dec low C = 15.2 |year low C = 20.5 |Jan record low C = 8.2 |Feb record low C = 10.0 |Mar record low C = 13.0 |Apr record low C = 16.8 |May record low C = 17.1 |Jun record low C = 17.7 |Jul record low C = 17.2 |Aug record low C = 17.0 |Sep record low C = 18.0 |Oct record low C = 14.0 |Nov record low C = 10.0 |Dec record low C = 8.0 |year record low C = 8.0 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 1.4 |Feb rain mm = 4.1 |Mar rain mm = 12.8 |Apr rain mm = 45.9 |May rain mm = 109.1 |Jun rain mm = 152.3 |Jul rain mm = 243.7 |Aug rain mm = 308.8 |Sep rain mm = 210.0 |Oct rain mm = 84.4 |Nov rain mm = 11.7 |Dec rain mm = 2.0 |year rain mm = |unit rain days = 0.1 mm |Jan rain days = 0.2 |Feb rain days = 0.6 |Mar rain days = 2.3 |Apr rain days = 5.4 |May rain days = 9.9 |Jun rain days = 12.7 |Jul rain days = 17.0 |Aug rain days = 20.0 |Sep rain days = 14.5 |Oct rain days = 9.0 |Nov rain days = 1.4 |Dec rain days = 0.2 |year rain days = 93.2 |Jan humidity = 31 |Feb humidity = 27 |Mar humidity = 33 |Apr humidity = 48 |May humidity = 61 |Jun humidity = 72 |Jul humidity = 79 |Aug humidity = 82 |Sep humidity = 80 |Oct humidity = 71 |Nov humidity = 52 |Dec humidity = 38 |year humidity = 56 |Jan sun = 263.1 |Feb sun = 242.3 |Mar sun = 237.6 |Apr sun = 217.5 |May sun = 242.0 |Jun sun = 220.8 |Jul sun = 203.2 |Aug sun = 176.6 |Sep sun = 190.7 |Oct sun = 243.0 |Nov sun = 257.6 |Dec sun = 261.6 |year sun = 2756.0 |source 1 = World Meteorological Organization[4] |source 2 = NOAA (sun 1961–1990),[5] Deutscher Wetterdienst (extremes and humidity)[6] |date=May 2012 }} See also
References1. ^{{citation|contribution=Common and Fundamental Operational Datasets Registry: Mali |publisher=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |url=http://cod.humanitarianresponse.info/country-region/mali |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106202217/http://cod.humanitarianresponse.info/country-region/mali |archivedate=2012-01-06 |df= }}. commune_mali.zip (Originally from the Direction Nationale des Collectivités Territoriales, République du Mali) 2. ^Maps, Weather, and Airports for Sikasso, Mali {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080221164750/http://www.fallingrain.com/world/ML/0/Sikasso.html |date=2008-02-21 }} 3. ^{{citation|url=http://instat.gov.ml/documentation/sikasso.pdf |publisher=République de Mali: Institut National de la Statistique |title=Resultats Provisoires RGPH 2009 (Région de Sikasso) |language=French |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AnYveESp?url=http://instat.gov.ml/documentation/sikasso.pdf |archivedate=2012-09-19 |df= }}. 4. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://worldweather.wmo.int/en/city.html?cityId=131| title = World Weather Information Service – Sikasso| publisher = World Meteorological Organization| accessdate = 12 October 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/M1/61297.TXT| title = Sikasso Climate Normals 1961–1990| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration| accessdate = 12 October 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_612970_kt.pdf| title = Klimatafel von Sikasso / Mali| work = Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst| language = German| accessdate = 26 January 2016}} External links{{commonscat|Sikasso}}
4 : Sikasso|Populated places in Sikasso Region|Regional capitals in Mali|Communes of Mali |
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