| 词条 | Silchar |
| 释义 |
| name = Silchar | other_name = | settlement_type = continent | image_skyline = Silchar_barak.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = Aerial view of the Barak river, Silchar | nickname = The Island of Peace and The City of Love | pushpin_map = India Assam#India | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Assam, India | coordinates = {{coord|24.82|N|92.8|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = India | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_type3 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Assam | subdivision_name2 = Cachar | subdivision_name3 = Barak Valley | established_title = | founder = | government_type = | governing_body = Silchar Municipal Board | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = | area_rank = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 22 | population_total = | population_as_of = 2011 | population_footnotes = | population_density_km2 = | population_rank = | population_demonym = | demographics_type1 = | demographics1_title1 = Official | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = PIN | postal_code = 788001 to 788032 and 788118 | area_code = +91 (0) 3842 | area_code_type = Telephone code | iso_code = IN-AS | registration_plate = AS-11 | website = {{URL|www.cachar.nic.in}} | footnotes = | leader_title2 = No. of Wards | leader_name2 = 30 | leader_title3 = Chairman | leader_name3 = | blank_name_sec2 = {{nowrap|Official languages}} | blank_info_sec2 = Bengali, Sylheti | blank1_name_sec2 = Most spoken language | blank1_info_sec2 = Sylheti }} Silchar ({{ipa|/ˈsɪlˌʧə/}} or {{ipa|/ˈʃɪlˌʧə/}}) is the headquarters of Cachar district in the state of Assam in India. It is {{convert|343|km|mi|0}} south east of Guwahati. Being politically stable in the otherwise disturbed Northeast earned it the bon mot of “Island of Peace” from India's then prime minister Indira Gandhi.[1] EtymologyDuring the British rule, ships were docked at the bank of the river Barak. Gradually, a market developed at the bank and became a major place of economic activity. The bank was covered with stones to help dock ships and vessels, and the market was developed at a place that was fully covered with stones. People started to refer to the place as Shiler Chor, meaning "a bank of stones". With the passage of time, Shiler Chor was simplified to Silchar, and ultimately the British officials started to use the name Silchar in their official documents referring to the surrounding area of the market. Thus Silchar became the official name of the place.[2] HistoryCachar district recordsIn the 1850s, British tea planters re-discovered the game polo in Manipur on the Burmese border with India. The first polo club in the world was formed at Silchar.[3][4] The first competitive modern form of polo was played in Silchar, and the plaque for this feat still stands behind the District Library, Silchar.[3][4] Language Movement in Barak Valley{{main|Bengali Language Movement (Barak Valley)}}Silchar saw one of the uprisings in favour of the Bengali language. When the Assam government, under Chief Minister Bimala Prasad Chaliha, passed a circular to make Assamese mandatory, Bengalis of Barak Valley protested. On 19 May 1961, Assam police opened fire on unarmed protesters at Silchar railway station. Eleven martyrs had laid down their lives at Silchar Railway Station for the sake of Bengalis.
After the popular revolt, the Assam government had to withdraw the circular and Bengali was ultimately given official status in the three districts of Barak Valley.[5][6] Section 5 of Assam Act XVIII, 1961, safeguards the use of Bengali in the Cachar district. It says, “Without prejudice to the provisions contained in Section 3, the Bengali language shall be used for administrative and other official purposes up to and including district level.”[7] Industries
GeographySilchar is located in the southern part of Assam.[10][11] The area of Silchar metro is 257.5 km2. It has an average elevation of 25 meters (82 feet).[12] Demographics{{As of|2011}} India census, Silchar had a population of 2,28,324.[13] The sex ratio of Silchar was 988 females per 1000 males, which is above the national ratio of 940 females per 1000 males. Silchar metropolitan region has an average literacy rate of 90.26%, higher than the national average of 84% (2017), with male literacy of 92.90% and female literacy at 87.59%.[14] Hinduism is majority religion in Silchar city with 86.31% followers. Islam is second most popular religion in city of Silchar with approximately 12.17% following it. Jainism is followed by 0.79%, Christianity by 0.59%, Sikhism by 0.04% and Buddhism by 0.04% of the population in the Silchar city. Around 0.00% stated 'Other Religion', approximately 0.08% stated 'No Particular Religion'.[14]ClimateSilchar has a borderline tropical monsoon climate (Köppen Am) slightly too hot in the “winter” or “cool” season to qualify as a humid subtropical climate (Cwa). During this “cool” season the weather is generally warm and dry with cool to mild mornings; however, the “wet” season begins early as the monsoon moves into the region during April, with the result that for seven months of the year Silchar has very hot and humid weather with heavy thunderstorms almost every afternoon until the middle of October, when there is usually a brief period of hot and relatively dry weather before the “cool” season sets in during November. {{Weather box|location = Silchar (1971–2000) |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |temperature colour = |Jan record high C = 31.0 |Feb record high C = 35.0 |Mar record high C = 37.8 |Apr record high C = 39.4 |May record high C = 39.1 |Jun record high C = 37.9 |Jul record high C = 39.4 |Aug record high C = 39.0 |Sep record high C = 38.3 |Oct record high C = 36.7 |Nov record high C = 35.0 |Dec record high C = 31.7 |year record high C = 39.4 |Jan high C = 24.5 |Feb high C = 26.4 |Mar high C = 29.6 |Apr high C = 30.5 |May high C = 31.0 |Jun high C = 31.5 |Jul high C = 31.4 |Aug high C = 31.9 |Sep high C = 31.5 |Oct high C = 30.9 |Nov high C = 29.1 |Dec high C = 26.1 |year high C = 29.6 |Jan low C = 12.1 |Feb low C = 14.1 |Mar low C = 17.7 |Apr low C = 21.0 |May low C = 23.0 |Jun low C = 24.6 |Jul low C = 25.1 |Aug low C = 25.2 |Sep low C = 24.6 |Oct low C = 22.9 |Nov low C = 18.6 |Dec low C = 13.9 |year low C = 20.4 |Jan record low C = 3.3 |Feb record low C = 2.8 |Mar record low C = 8.3 |Apr record low C = 13.2 |May record low C = 15.6 |Jun record low C = 19.3 |Jul record low C = 19.0 |Aug record low C = 19.4 |Sep record low C = 16.8 |Oct record low C = 14.4 |Nov record low C = 10.6 |Dec record low C = 4.4 |year record low C = 5.0 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 12.1 |Feb precipitation mm = 44.2 |Mar precipitation mm = 229.3 |Apr precipitation mm = 258.1 |May precipitation mm = 460.7 |Jun precipitation mm = 612.0 |Jul precipitation mm = 503.2 |Aug precipitation mm = 427.7 |Sep precipitation mm = 366.5 |Oct precipitation mm = 168.7 |Nov precipitation mm = 33.3 |Dec precipitation mm = 12.8 |year precipitation mm = 3128.6 |Jan rain days = 1.0 |Feb rain days = 3.9 |Mar rain days = 8.5 |Apr rain days = 12.6 |May rain days = 16.2 |Jun rain days = 21.5 |Jul rain days = 22.5 |Aug rain days = 19.3 |Sep rain days = 15.5 |Oct rain days = 7.7 |Nov rain days = 2.4 |Dec rain days = 0.6 |year rain days = 131.6 |source 1 = India Meteorological Department (record high and low up to 2010)[15][16] |date=April 2015}} EducationUniversitySilchar is home to the main campus of Assam University, a central university, which imparts education in both the general as well as professional streams. The university, which came into existence in 1994, has 17 schools and 35 post-graduate departments under them. The university has 56 affiliated colleges under it.[17][18] The colleges in Silchar are mostly affiliated with the Assam university. Technical institutions
[https://www.google.com/search?q=IITH---silchar&client=ms-android-vivo&biw=360&bih=560&tbm=isch&prmd=mniv&source=lnms&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiijKOFu_zfAhXIMY8KHVwDCKIQ_AUIEigD#imgrc=zI_SPrq4fLPZuM]
Colleges
Medical college
Law colleges
Airway transportSilchar Airport (IXS) is located at Kumbhirgram, about 22 km from Silchar. Silchar has been selected as one of the towns for the construction of 51 low-cost airports across the country recently.[30]In December 1985, Air India operated the first all-woman crew flight in the world from Kolkata to Silchar which was commanded by Captain Saudamini Deshmukh on a Fokker F-27 Friendship aircraft.[31] PoliticsSilchar is part of the Silchar (Lok Sabha constituency). The current member of Parliament from Silchar is Sushmita Dev who is the youngest daughter of the veteran politician Santosh Mohan Dev of the Indian National Congress.[32] People from Silchar
See also
References1. ^{{cite news|title=APCC member for nomination of Gaurav Gogoi from Barak Valley|url=http://www.sentinelassam.com/cachar/story.php?sec=2&subsec=12&id=120156&dtP=2012-06-07&ppr=1|accessdate=4 July 2012|newspaper=The Sentinel, Assam|date=6 June 2012}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/544040/Silchar |title=Silchar (India) - Britannica Online Encyclopedia|publisher=Britannica.com |date=|accessdate=2012-08-17}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=The Sport|url=http://www.guardspoloclub.com/the-club/the-sport|website=guardspoloclub|accessdate=25 December 2016}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|title=Polo of Victorians|url=http://www.avictorian.com/polo_gallery.html|website=Polo of Victorians|publisher=avictorian.com|accessdate=25 December 2016}} 5. ^{{cite news|title=No alliance with BJP, says AGP chief|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1031227/asp/northeast/story_2721710.asp|accessdate=3 March 2014|newspaper=The Telegraph, Calcutta|date=27 December 2003}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=Silchar rly station to be renamed soon|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/Silchar-rly-station-to-be-renamed-soon/articleshow/4633120.cms?referral=PM|accessdate=3 March 2014|newspaper=The Times of India|date=9 Jun 2009}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://silcharnews.wordpress.com/2013/07/24/compulsory-use-of-bengali-language-in-cachar/|title=Compulsory use of Bengali Language in Cachar|date=2013-07-24|website=Silchar News|access-date=2016-12-18}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ongcindia.com/wps/wcm/connect/ongcindia/Home/Contact_Us/ONGC_Offices/|title=ONGC :: ONGC Offices|publisher=|accessdate=8 June 2015}} 9. ^http://www.hindpaper.in/mills/cachar.htm 10. ^{{cite web|title=Location of Silchar|url=http://www.wikimapia.org/#lat=24.830052&lon=92.769928&z=13&l=0&m=a&v=2|work=Wikimapia Foundation|publisher=Wikimapia|accessdate=3 March 2014}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Silchar, India Page|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/03/Silchar.html|work=Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.|publisher=Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.|accessdate=3 March 2014}} 12. ^{{Cite web| url = http://www.latlong.net/place/silchar-cachar-assam-india-10577.html| title = Silchar, Cachar, Assam, India Map Lat Long Coordinates| website = www.latlong.net| access-date = 2016-02-26}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Census of India|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=315482|work=Govt. of India|publisher=Government of India|accessdate=20 February 2014}} 14. ^1 {{Cite web| url = http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/190-silchar.html| title = Silchar City Population Census 2011 {{!}} Assam| website = www.census2011.co.in| access-date = 2016-02-26}} 15. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/extreme/silchar2.htm| title = Silchar Climatological Table Period: 1971–2000| publisher = India Meteorological Department| accessdate = 27 April 2015}} 16. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.imdpune.gov.in/Temp_Extremes/histext2010.pdf |format = PDF |title = Ever recorded Maximum and minimum temperatures up to 2010 |publisher = India Meteorological Department |accessdate = 27 April 2015 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/6GmnoaB0m?url=http://www.imdpune.gov.in/Temp_Extremes/histext2010.pdf |archivedate = 21 May 2013 |df = dmy-all}} 17. ^{{cite web|title=Assam University, Homepage|url=http://www.aus.ac.in/|work=Assam University|accessdate=20 February 2014}} 18. ^{{cite web|title=Statistical Data Fact Sheet of AUS|url=http://www.aus.ac.in/STATISTICAL_DATA_FACT_SHEET_OF_AUS.pdf|work=Assam University|publisher=Assam University|accessdate=20 February 2014}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aus.ac.in/TSSOT/|title=TSSOT|publisher=|accessdate=8 June 2015}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aiita.org}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.facebook.com/iithaiitasilchar}} 22. ^http://silcharpolytechnic.in/ 23. ^http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=jan1015/state052 24. ^http://cdac.in/index.aspx?id=pk_itn_spot919 25. ^http://www.guwahati.nielit.gov.in/aboutsec.php 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.natrip.in/index.php/2013-06-29-11-35-28/niaimt-silchar|title=NIAIMT Silchar|author=Super User|publisher=|accessdate=8 June 2015}} 27. ^http://www.dheassam.gov.in/circulars-1/meeting%2057.pdf retrieved on 14 January 2015 28. ^{{cite web|title=Silchar Medical College, Home Page|url=http://www.smcassam.gov.in|work=Silchar Medical College|publisher=Silchar Medical College|accessdate=20 February 2014}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.highereducationinindia.com/institutes/a-k-chanda-law-college-1879.php|title=A. K. Chanda Law College|publisher=|accessdate=8 June 2015}} 30. ^{{cite news|title=51 new low-cost airports to be set up: PMO|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-51-new-low-cost-airports-to-be-set-up-pmo-1854583|accessdate=3 March 2014|newspaper=Daily News & Analysis|date=28 June 2013}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-08/bangalore/28667869_1_cabin-crew-kolkata-ultra-long-haul-flight|title=Capt V Roopa: Flying high, and back|work=The Times of India|accessdate=8 June 2015}} 32. ^{{cite web| url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/press/List%20of%20Winning%20Candidated%20Final%20for%2016th%20May.pdf|format=PDF| title =List of Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies | accessdate =2008-10-05| work =Assam | publisher =Election Commission of India }} External links{{commons category}}
2 : Cities and towns in Cachar district|Silchar |
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