| 释义 |
- List of tornadoes
- Notable tornadoes Sparta, Georgia/Edgefield, South Carolina
- See also
- Notes
- References Bibliography
{{Infobox storm
| name = March 1875 Southeast tornado outbreak
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| type = Tornado outbreak
| active = March 19–20, 1875
| lowest pressure =
| lowest temperature =
| tornadoes = ≥ 19
| fujitascale = F4
| tornado duration = Unknown
| highest winds =
| hail =
| gusts =
| maximum snow =
| power outages =
| total fatalities = ≥ 96 fatalities, ≥ 367 injuries
| damages = Unknown
| affected =
| current advisories =
| enhanced =
| notes =
}}The March 1875 Southeast tornado outbreak was a deadly tornado outbreak that affected portions of the Southern United States from March 19 to 20, 1875. At least nineteen tornadoes were recorded, including seven that were destructive enough to be rated F4 by Thomas P. Grazulis. The worst damage and most of the deaths occurred in Georgia. Most of the damage appears to have been the result of two tornado families that moved along parallel paths {{convert|12|to|15|mi|km|sigfig=2|}} apart through parts of Georgia and South Carolina. In all, this outbreak killed at least 96 people and injured at least 367.[1] List of tornadoes{{Tornado Chart|Total = ≥ 19|FU = 4|F0 = 0|F1 = 0|F2 = 3|F3 = 5|F4 = 7|F5 = 0|Enhanced=no}}- Note: Some of the events listed as individual tornadoes were probably tornado families.[1]
group=nb|name=Date/Time|All dates are based on the local time zone where the tornado touched down; however, all times are in Coordinated Universal Time for consistency.}}| F# | Location | County / Parish | State | Start
coord. | Date | Time (UTC) | Path length | Max width | Summary |
|---|
| cat3}} | F3 | Between Lone Grove and Ray's Point | Winn | LA | {{N/A}} | 001|March 19}} | 0200 | 15|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | 3 deaths – A tornado splintered several thousand trees and destroyed six homes in sparsely populated areas. All deaths were in one family.[2] | | cat4}} | F4 | SW of Hamilton to E of Shiloh | Harris, Talbot | GA | {{N/A}} | 002|March 20}} | 1520 | 25|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | [2] It completely leveled several plantations and farms, with five deaths on one of them. Up to 15 deaths may have occurred in Harris County alone, but were unconfirmed.[2] Winds from the parent supercell transferred a hat aloft for {{convert>30|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} and a book for {{convert|40|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}}. | | cat3}} | F3 | E of Thomastown to S of Forsyth | Upson, Lamar, Monroe | GA | {{N/A}} | 003|March 20}} | 1600 | 30|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | 20|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} from the dissipation of the previous event, but was in the same tornado family.[2] People first sighted a funnel cloud developing over Thomastown, but it did not touch down until east of town. Once on the ground, the tornado "changed shape continuously."[2] | | unk}} | F? | S of Statesville to S of Mocksville | Iredell, Davie | NC | {{N/A}} | 004|March 20}} | 1600 | 15|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | This may have been a tornado, a downburst or a combination of the two.[2] | | cat4}} | F4 | N of Columbus to N of Talbotton | Muscogee, Harris, Talbot | GA | {{N/A}} | 005|March 20}} | 1630 | 35|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | [2] Winds propelled a board from the home {{convert>18|in|cm|sigfig=2|}} into the stump of a broken pine tree. The tornado destroyed more homes and an academy in or near Baughville in Talbot County, killing three people.[2] | | cat3}} | F3 | N of Gray | Jones, Putnam | GA | {{N/A}} | 006|March 20}} | 1650 | 10|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | 1 death – This tornado struck only three farms, but demolished all of them.[2] | | cat4}} | F4 | NW of Sparta, GA to S of Edgefield, SC | Hancock (GA), Warren (GA), McDuffie (GA), Columbia (GA), Edgefield (SC) | GA, SC | {{N/A}} | 007|March 20}} | 1740 | 75|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | 28+ deaths – See section on this tornado | | cat4}} | F4 | S of Gray to E of Milledgeville | Jones, Baldwin | GA | {{N/A}} | 008|March 20}} | 1750 | {{N/A}} | {{N/A}} | 13+ deaths – This tornado produced a "devastating" swath of damage near Milledgeville, with four deaths in Jones County and nine or more in Baldwin County.[3] Residents of Milledgeville mistook the tornado for a column of smoke from a fire. When surveyors of the U.S. Army Signal Corps arrived three weeks later, a child was still unaccounted for and "presumed dead."[3] | | cat4}} | F4 | ESE of Sparta to S of Gibson | Hancock, Washington, Glascock, Jefferson | GA | {{N/A}} | 009|March 20}} | 1830 | 30|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | 8+ deaths – This tornado caused eight deaths in Glascock County, but according to newspapers, the actual toll may have been 30.[3] Some deaths in Hancock County attributed to the Sparta–Edgefield tornado may actually have been from this tornado. | | cat4}} | F4 | W of Keysville, GA to Williston, SC area | Jefferson (GA), Burkek (GA), Richmond (GA), Aiken (SC), Barnwell (SC) | GA, SC | {{N/A}} | 010|March 20}} | 1900 | 50|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | [4] It narrowly missed Augusta, passing {{convert>10|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} southeast of that city before crossing the Savannah River into South Carolina. The tornado critically damaged or razed about 40 homes in Richmond County alone.[4] The tornado left so much debris on farms that they were abandoned. As many as eight people may have died.[4] | | cat4}} | F4 | Opelika, AL area to Whitesville, GA area | Lee (AL), Chambers (AL), Harris (GA) | AL, GA | {{N/A}} | 011|March 20}} | 1930 | 20|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | 7 deaths – This may have been a multiple-vortex tornado that killed seven people in a single family. This was the last violent tornado to impact Lee County until March 3, 2019.[3] [5] | | cat3}} | F3 | SW of Columbia | Lexington | SC | {{N/A}} | 012|March 20}} | 1955 | 5|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | 2 deaths – This tornado wrecked five or more farms in its path.[4] | | cat3}} | F3 | N of Sumter, SC to Tabor City, NC area | Sumter (SC), Lee (SC), Florence (SC), Marion (SC), Horry (SC), Columbus (NC) | SC, NC | {{N/A}} | 013|March 20}} | 2030 | 80|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | 20|yd|m|sigfig=2|}} to almost {{convert|1|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} wide, with several entire plantations wrecked. The tornado downed or split "tens of thousands" of trees and destroyed buildings on more than 40 farms.[4] | | unk}} | F? | W of Raleigh | Chatham, Wake | NC | {{N/A}} | 014|March 20}} | 2200 | {{N/A}} | {{N/A}} | 10|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} west of Raleigh.[4] | | cat2}} | F2 | S of Norway to S of Orangeburg | Orangeburg | SC | {{N/A}} | 015|March 20}} | 2200 | 25|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | 3 deaths – This smoky-looking tornado leveled numerous little cabins.[4] | | unk}} | F? | Indiantown area | Williamsburg | SC | {{N/A}} | 016|March 20}} | 2330 | {{N/A}} | {{N/A}} | Details unknown.[4] | | cat2}} | F2 | Dogwood Neck area | Horry | SC | {{N/A}} | 017|March 20}} | 0000 | {{N/A}} | {{N/A}} | This tornado swept a frame home clean to its foundation.[4] | | unk}} | F? | NW of Conway | Horry | SC | {{N/A}} | 018|March 20}} | 0000 | 15|mi|km|sortable=on}} | {{N/A}} | Tornado was not surveyed.[4] | | cat2}} | F2 | SW of Sylvania | Bulloch | GA | {{N/A}} | 019|March 20}} | 0100 | {{N/A}} | {{N/A}} | A tornado hit eight cabins, leveling them.[4] | |
{{clear}}Notable tornadoesSparta, Georgia/Edgefield, South Carolina{{Infobox storm| name = | image = | fujitascale = F4 | tornado duration = | highest winds = | total fatalities = | damages = | location = | current advisories = | enhanced = | notes =
}} |
A large F4 tornado tore a damage path {{convert|75|mi|km}} long ranging from {{convert|300|yd|m}} to over {{convert|1|mi|km}} wide across portions of Georgia and South Carolina. The tornado caused its first damage northwest of Sparta, Georgia in Hancock County after which it destroyed dozens of farms. Four people were killed in Hancock county, three of them on one farm. A door hinge from the farmhouse was found embedded {{convert|3|in|cm|}} deep in a tree more than {{convert|0.25|mi|km|abbr=on}} away. At least six people died in Warren County, including one at a church west of Warrentown. The pastor attributed the survival of the majority in the church to the pews, which stopped some of the falling timbers. The tornado then moved through Camak, where 39 of the town's 40 homes were damaged or destroyed. At least seven people, possibly as many as nine, were killed in McDuffie County, most of them in small cabins. The death toll in Columbia County may have been as high as 20, though only eight deaths were confirmed. At least four people died in Appling, and as many as eight may have died on a plantation. The tornado then crossed the state line into Edgefield County, South Carolina where damage was less severe. Here, six farms and plantations were destroyed with three fatalities. The tornado finally dissipated south of Edgefield. The death toll from this tornado is listed at 28, but due to uncertainties it may have been as high as 42.[1] See also- List of North American tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
- Tornado intensity and damage
- Tornado outbreak of March 3, 2019 – Produced a violent tornado that affected Talbotton, Georgia
Notes1. ^1 2 {{harvnb|Grazulis|1993|pp=581–3}}
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{harvnb|Grazulis|1993|p=581}}
3. ^1 2 3 {{harvnb|Grazulis|1993|p=582}}
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{harvnb|Grazulis|1993|p=583}}
5. ^https://twitter.com/wsfa12news/status/1103700295723438081
References {{reflist}}{{clear}}Bibliography- {{citation|last=Grazulis|first=Thomas|year=1993|title=Significant Tornadoes 1680-1991: A Chronology and Analysis of Events|publisher=Environmental Films|location=St. Johnsbury, Vermont|isbn=1-879362-03-1}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1875-03-19 Southeast tornado outbreak}} 12 : F4 tornadoes by date|F4 tornadoes by location|Tornadoes in Georgia (U.S. state)|Tornadoes in South Carolina|Tornadoes in North Carolina|Tornadoes in Alabama|Tornadoes in Louisiana|1875 in the United States|1875 in Georgia (U.S. state)|1875 in North Carolina|1875 in Louisiana|March 1875 events |