| 词条 | Margaret Sparrow |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = Dame Margaret Sparrow | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=NZL|DNZM|MBE|size=100%}} | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Margaret June Sparrow | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1935|06|25|df=yes}} | birth_place = Inglewood, New Zealand | death_date = | death_place = | spouse = {{marriage|Peter Charles Methven Sparrow|1956|1982|end=d.}} | children = 2 | known_for = Campaigning for reproductive rights }} Dame Margaret June Sparrow {{post-nominals|country=NZL|DNZM|MBE}} (née Muir, born 25 June 1935) is a New Zealand medical doctor, reproductive rights advocate, and author. Early life, family, and educationSparrow was born in Inglewood on 25 June 1935 to Daniel James Muir and Jessie Isobel Muir (née McMillan),[1] and was educated at Waitara District High School and New Plymouth Girls' High School.[2] She went on to study at Victoria University College from 1953 to 1955, graduating BSc; the University of Otago from 1957 to 1963, from where she graduated MB ChB; and the University of London, where she completed a Diploma in Venereology in 1976.[1] In 1956, she married Peter Charles Methven Sparrow, and the couple went on to have two children.[1] Peter Sparrow died in 1982.[1] CareerSparrow started her career in health working at the student health centre at Victoria University of Wellington in the late 1960s. At the time, the clinic would only allow contraception to be given to married couples, and she had to go against the wishes of the director of the clinic to put up an information display about contraception.[3] While working at the clinic, student demand for contraception led to her introducing the morning-after pill and helping students to get abortions.[4] She worked as a medical officer at Student Health until 1981. Between 1977 and 1999 she worked as a visiting venereologist at Wellington Hospital.[2] Sparrow was the president of the Abortion Law Reform Association of New Zealand from 1975 to 1980, and again from 1984 until 2011.[5] She is a Director of Istar Ltd, a not-for-profit company that imports the abortion pill mifepristone from France. The pill was approved for use in 2001, and allowed women to have medical — rather than surgical — abortions for the first time.[6] No other pharmaceutical company was interested in importing the drug.[11] ViewsIn 2015, Sparrow stated that New Zealand's abortion law was out of date and should be reformed:{{cquote|Our [abortion] law is so old, it’s creaking at the seams ... It was devised at a time when only surgical options were there, people didn’t even dream of having a medical abortion pill you could take.[7]}} She is also critical of the way the current abortion system forces women to claim they need abortions on the grounds of a danger to mental health: {{cquote|You have to have grounds for an abortion, and in New Zealand 98 per cent of the grounds are mental health, which I think is an absolute farce. It’s just ticking boxes, and just putting people into categories, and just pretending that… having an abortion will be for the sake of your mental health. Well, I think that’s all just barriers that are put up.[7]}}HonoursIn the 1987 Queen's Birthday Honours, Sparrow was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire, for services to medicine and the community,[8] and in 1993 she was awarded the New Zealand Suffrage Centennial Medal.[1] In the 2002 Queen's Birthday and Golden Jubilee Honours, she was appointed a Distinguished Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to medicine and the community,[9] and in 2009 she accepted redesignation as a Dame Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit following the restoration of titular honours by the New Zealand government.[10] The family planning clinic in Wellington is named after Sparrow.[11] Sparrow was a keen collector of contraceptive devices, which were later donated to the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. In 2015–16, Te Papa used them as the core of an exhibition on contraception.[12] Publications
See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book |last1=Taylor |first1=Alister |last2=Coddington |first2=Deborah |authorlink1=Alister Taylor |authorlink2=Deborah Coddington |title=Honoured by the Queen – New Zealand |year=1994 |publisher=New Zealand Who's Who Aotearoa |location=Auckland |isbn=0-908578-34-2 |page=345}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ccdhb.org.nz/hhist/staff/SparrowMJ_N.html |title=Margaret June Sparrow profile |publisher=Capital & Coast District Health Board |accessdate=17 August 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203233954/http://ccdhb.org.nz/hhist/Staff/SparrowMJ_N.html |archivedate=3 February 2016 |df= }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/26998/alice-bush-and-margaret-sparrow|title=Alice Bush and Margaret Sparrow|publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage|work=Te Ara|accessdate=10 June 2014}} 4. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/news/local-papers/the-wellingtonian/7921746/Sex-drugs-and-country-dancing|title=Sex, drugs and country dancing|work=The Wellingtonian|date=8 November 2012|accessdate=10 June 2014}} 5. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10715975|title=Dame Margaret steps aside from abortion reform group|work=The New Zealand Herald|date=30 March 2011|agency=NZPA|accessdate=10 June 2014}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.alranz.org/aboutus/Margaret.html|title=Past President, Dame Margaret Sparrow|publisher=ALRANZ|accessdate=17 August 2015}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=http://salient.org.nz/2015/08/the-golden-speculum|title=The Golden Speculum|work=Salient magazine|date=16 August 2015|accessdate=17 August 2015|author=Mulligan, Jayne|location=Wellington}} 8. ^{{London Gazette |date=13 June 1987 |supp=y |issue=50950 |page=32 |nolink=y}} 9. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/publications/queens-birthday-and-golden-jubilee-honours-list-2002 | title=Queen's Birthday and Golden Jubilee honours list 2002 |date=3 June 2002 | publisher=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet | accessdate=9 January 2018}} 10. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/publications/special-honours-list-1-august-2009 | title=Special honours list 1 August 2009 |date=1 August 2009 | publisher=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet | accessdate=9 January 2018}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.familyplanning.org.nz/our_clinics/find_a_clinic/wellington/margaret_sparrow_clinic|title=Margaret Sparrow Clinic - Wellington|publisher=Family Planning New Zealand|accessdate=10 June 2014}} 12. ^The Dame Margaret Sparrow Collection, tepapa.govt.nz; accessed 21 March 2017. External links
14 : Living people|Reproductive rights activists|People from Inglewood, New Zealand|Dames Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit|Victoria University of Wellington alumni|Recipients of the New Zealand Suffrage Centennial Medal 1993|New Zealand Members of the Order of the British Empire|University of Otago alumni|Alumni of the University of London|New Zealand pro-choice activists|New Zealand women medical doctors|People educated at New Plymouth Girls' High School|People educated at Waitara High School|1935 births |
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