| 词条 | Simon Harcourt, 1st Earl Harcourt |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable | name = The Earl Harcourt | honorific-suffix = FRS PC | image = 1stEarlHarcourt.jpg | office1 = Lord Lieutenant of Ireland | monarch1 = George III | term_start1 = 29 October 1772 | term_end1 = 7 December 1776 | predecessor1 = The Viscount Townshend | successor1 = The Earl of Buckinghamshire | birth_date=1714 | birth_place = Stanton Harcourt, Oxfordshire, England | death_date=16 September 1777 (aged 63) | death_place=Nuneham Park, Oxfordshire }}Simon Harcourt, 1st Earl Harcourt {{post-nominals|country=GBR|PC|FRS}} (1714 – 16 September 1777), known as Viscount Harcourt between 1727 and 1749, was a British diplomat and general who became Viceroy of Ireland.[1] BiographyHarcourt was born in Oxfordshire, the son of Hon. Simon Harcourt, M.P. for Wallingford and Abingdon, and Elizabeth Evelyn, sister of Sir John Evelyn, 1st Baronet. His father died in 1720, when Simon still a small child. He was educated at Westminster School and in 1727 succeeded his grandfather Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt as 2nd Viscount Harcourt. In 1745, having raised a regiment for service during the Jacobite Rebellion, the 76th Foot (Lord Harcourts Regiment), he received a commission as a Colonel in the army. The regiment was disbanded on 10 June 1746. In 1749, he was created Earl Harcourt of Stanton Harcourt. He was appointed governor to the prince of Wales, afterwards George III, in 1751; and after the accession of the latter to the throne, in 1761, he was appointed as special ambassador to Mecklenburg-Strelitz, to negotiate a marriage between King George and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Princess Charlotte), whom he conducted to England.[1] He held a number of appointments at court and in the diplomatic service. He was the British ambassador to Paris from 1768 to 1772. He was promoted to the rank of general in 1772; and in October of the same year he succeeded Lord Townshend as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, an office which he held until 1777. His proposal to impose a tax of 10% on the rents of absentee landlords had to be abandoned owing to opposition in England; but he succeeded in conciliating the leaders of Opposition in Ireland, and he persuaded Henry Flood to accept office in the government. Resigning in January 1777, he retired to Nuneham Park. He died there in an accident by drowning in a well while trying to rescue his favourite dog, who had fallen in the well while the pair was out for a walk.[1] He succeeded in rescuing the dog despite losing his life; several hours after going missing, Harcourt was found upside down in the well with only his lower legs and feet visible above the water, and the dog was found, sitting on his feet.[2] Personal lifeHe married, on 16 October 1735, Rebecca Samborne Le Bass (died 16 January 1765), daughter and heiress of Charles Samborne Le Bass, of Pipewell Abbey, Northamptonshire. They had two sons and two daughters:[1]
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |title= A Genealogical History of the Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages of the British Empire|publisher=Harrison|location=London |editor= Burke, Sir Bernard |editorlink=Bernard Burke |edition=3 |year= 1883 |page=|pages=261–263 |ref=Burke |isbn=0-8063-0789-7}} 2. ^{{cite journal |title=Deaths |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000545/17770901/018/0052 |accessdate=15 December 2018 |journal=The Scots Magazine |date= September 1777 |page=52|subscription=yes}} 3. ^Oxfordshire, England, Church of England Baptism, Marriages, and Burials, 1538-1812 4. ^{{cite book |title=The Peerage of England, Scotland, and Ireland |date=1790 |publisher=W. Owen; L. Davis; and J. Debrett |page=283 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NFwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA283&dq=Anne+June+1741+Aug.+1746 |accessdate=15 December 2018 |language=en}}
| years = 1761 – 1763 }}{{s-aft| after = The Viscount Weymouth }}{{succession box | title=Lord Chamberlain to Queen Charlotte | before=The Earl of Northumberland | after=The Earl De La Warr | years=1763 – 1768}}{{succession box | before=The Viscount Townshend | title=Lord Lieutenant of Ireland | years=1772 – 1776 | after=The Earl of Buckinghamshire}}{{s-dip}}{{succession box|title=British Ambassador to France|before=The Earl of Rochford|after=The Viscount Stormont|years=1768 – 1772}}{{s-reg|gb}}{{s-new|creation}}{{s-ttl| title = Earl Harcourt | years = 1749 – 1777 }}{{s-aft| rows = 2 | after = George Simon Harcourt }}{{s-bef| before = Simon Harcourt }}{{s-ttl| title = Viscount Harcourt | years = 1727 – 1777 }}{{S-end}}{{North Ministry}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2012}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Harcourt, Simon Harcourt, 1st Earl}} 13 : 1714 births|1777 deaths|Earls in the Peerage of Great Britain|Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain|People educated at Westminster School, London|Diplomatic peers|House of Harcourt|Fellows of the Royal Society|Ambassadors of Great Britain to France|Deaths by drowning|British Army generals|Accidental deaths in England|Lords Lieutenant of Ireland |
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