| 词条 | Marines' Hymn | ||||
| 释义 |
|title = Marines' Hymn |transcription = |english_title = |alt_title = |en_alt_title = |alt_title_2 = |en_alt_title_2 = |image = |image_size = |alt = |caption = |prefix = Service |type = song |country = the United States Marine Corps |author = Thomas Holcomb |lyrics_date = 1942 |composer = Jacques Offenbach |music_date = 1867 |adopted ={{start date and age|1929}} |until = |sound = Marines' Hymn, USMC Band.ogg |sound_title = "Marines' Hymn" (instrumental) }} The "Marines' Hymn" is the official hymn of the United States Marine Corps, introduced by the first director of USMC Band, Francesco Maria Scala. It is the oldest official song in the United States Armed Forces.[1] The "Marines' Hymn" is typically sung at the position of attention as a gesture of respect. However, the third verse is also used as a toast during formal events, such as the birthday ball and other ceremonies. HistorySome lyrics were popular phrases before the song was written. The line "To the shores of Tripoli" refers to the First Barbary War, and specifically the Battle of Derne in 1805.[2][3] After Lieutenant Presley O'Bannon and his Marines hoisted the American flag over the Old World for the first time, the phrase was added to the flag of the United States Marine Corps. "The Halls of Montezuma" refers to the Battle of Chapultepec on 12/13 September 1847 during the Mexican–American War, where a force of Marines stormed Chapultepec Castle. While the lyrics are said to date from the 19th century, no pre-20th century text is known. The author of the lyrics is likewise unknown. Legend has it that a Marine on duty in Mexico penned the hymn. The unknown author transposed the phrases in the motto on the Colors so that the first two lines of the Hymn would read: "From the Halls of Montezuma, to the Shores of Tripoli", favoring euphony over chronology. The music is from the Gendarmes' Duet (the "bold gendarmes") from the revision in 1867 of the Jacques Offenbach opera Geneviève de Brabant, which debuted in Paris in 1859. Correspondence between Colonel Albert S. McLemore and Walter F. Smith (the second leader of the United States Marine Band) traces the tune: {{cquote|Major Richard Wallach, USMC, says that in 1878, when he was in Paris, France, the aria to which the Marines' Hymn is now sung was a very popular one.}}The name of the opera and a part of the chorus was secured from Major Wallach and forwarded to Mr. Smith, who replied: {{cquote|Major Wallach is to be congratulated upon a wonderfully accurate musical memory, for the aria of the Marine Hymn is certainly to be found in the opera Genevieve de Brabant... The melody is not in the exact form of the Marine Hymn, but is undoubtedly the aria from which it was taken. I am informed, however, by one of the members of the band, who has a Spanish wife, that the aria was one familiar to her childhood and it may, therefore, be a Spanish folk song.}}John Philip Sousa once wrote: {{cquote|The melody of the 'Halls of Montezuma' is taken from Offenbach's comic opera, 'Genevieve de Brabant' and is sung by two gendarmes.}}The lyrics are also contained in the book Rhymes of the Rookies published in 1917. The author of these poems was W.E. Christian. The book is available online in several formats. It consists of a series of poems regarding military life prior to World War I. Some websites, including the official USMC website,[4] claim that the U.S. Marine Corps secured a copyright on the song either 19 August 1891 or 18 August 1919;[5] however, U.S. Copyright Law prohibits the federal government, including subordinate agencies, from holding domestic copyrights,[6] and in this way, the song falls into the public domain. However, several composers do hold copyrights on different arrangements of the song. These copyrights cover only the specific arrangements and not the song as a whole.[7] In 1929 the commandant of the Marine Corps authorized the three verses of the Marines' Hymn as the official version, but changed the fifth through eighth lines:
This older version can be heard in the 1950 film Halls of Montezuma. On 21 November 1942, Commandant Thomas Holcomb approved a change in the words of the first verse's fourth line from "On the land as on the sea" to "In the air, on land, and sea" to reflect the addition of aviation to the Corps' arsenal.[8] Western Illinois University uses the hymn prior to all football games. They are the only nonmilitary academy allowed to use the hymn. The university has had permission to use the official nickname, mascot, and hymn of the Corps since 1927.{{cn|date=July 2018}} LyricsFrom the Halls of Montezuma To the shores of Tripoli; We fight our country's battles In the air, on land, and sea; First to fight for right and freedom And to keep our honor clean; We are proud to claim the title Of United States Marine. Our flag's unfurled to every breeze From dawn to setting sun; We have fought in every clime and place Where we could take a gun; In the snow of far-off Northern lands And in sunny tropic scenes, You will find us always on the job The United States Marines. Here's health to you and to our Corps Which we are proud to serve; In many a strife we've fought for life And never lost our nerve. If the Army and the Navy Ever look on Heaven's scenes, They will find the streets are guarded By United States Marines. See also{{Portal|United States Marine Corps}}
References1. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.marineband.usmc.mil/learning_tools/library_and_archives/resources_and_references/marines_hymn.htm |title=The Marines' Hymn |publisher=United States Marine Corps Band |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070428043133/http://www.marineband.usmc.mil/learning_tools/library_and_archives/resources_and_references/marines_hymn.htm |archive-date=2007-04-28 |dead-url=yes |access-date=2007-04-20}} 2. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.thoughtco.com/first-barbary-war-battle-of-derna-2360823 |title=To the Shores of Tripoli: Battle of Derna |website=ThoughtCo |access-date=2018-04-26}} 3. ^{{Cite news |url=http://old.post-gazette.com/pg/09102/962110-373.stm |title=Kill the pirates |last=Kelly |first=Jack |date=April 12, 2009 |work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |access-date=2018-04-26}} 4. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.hqmc.marines.mil/hrom/NewEmployees/AbouttheMarineCorps/Hymn.aspx |title=What is the Marines' Hymn? |website=www.hqmc.marines.mil |access-date=15 March 2018}} 5. ^{{Cite book |title=The Book of World-Famous Music |last=Fuld |first=James J. |date=2000 |publisher=Dover |edition=Fifth |location=N.Y.}} 6. ^{{USC|17|105}} 7. ^United States. Library of Congress. Copyright Office. Catalog of Copyright Entries: Third Series - Music. Part 5. No. 1. Sec. 1. Washington:, 1970. p. 830. Print. 8. ^{{Cite book |url=http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/usmchist/lore63.txt |title=Marine Corps Lore |publisher=Historical Branch, G-3 Division, Department of the Navy |year=1963 |pages=17}} Bibliography
Further reading
External links{{wikisource|The Marines' Hymn (1920)}}{{wikisource|The Marines' Hymn (1929)}}{{wikisource|The Marines' Hymn (1942)}}
6 : Barbary Wars|Patriotic hymns|American military marches|United States Marine Corps lore and symbols|Popular culture about the United States Marine Corps|American patriotic songs |
||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。