| 词条 | Singapore Exchange | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Singapore Exchange Limited |alt_name = {{lang|zh-sg|新加坡交易所}} |logo = |image = |type = Stock exchange |city = SGX Centre |country = Singapore |coor = |foundation = 1 December 1999 |owner = |key_people = Kwa Chong Seng (Chairman) [1] Loh Boon Chye (CEO)[2] |currency = Singapore dollar, US dollar[3] |commodity = |listings = 776 |mcap = $692.21 Billion [3] |indexes = |homepage = sgx.com |footnotes = }}Singapore Exchange Limited (SGX, {{sgx|S68}}) is an investment holding company located in Singapore and provides different services related to securities and derivatives trading and others.[4] SGX is a member of the World Federation of Exchanges[5] and the Asian and Oceanian Stock Exchanges Federation.[4] StructureSGX operates several different divisions, each responsible for handling specific businesses.
ListingThe companies listed on SGX belong to one of two groups: the companies listed on the SGX Mainboard and the companies listed on SGX SESDAQ. In order to be listed on the mainboard, a company has to fulfill some requirements set forth by SGX, while a listing on SESDAQ is not tied to the fulfillment of any additional conditions.[4] SESDAQ was replaced on 26 November 2007 by the SGX Catalist after an extensive study of other market models and a public consultation in May 2007.[11] The word "Catalist" is an amalgamation of the words "Catalyst" and "List", to reflect the idea that the Catalist board could be used as a catalyst to propel growth upon listing.[11] Catalist differs from SESDAQ primarily in its use of a sponsor system to determine a prospective company's suitability to list and as a corporate advisor to advise on listing and corporate governance issues. Trading systemThe exchange launched SGX QUEST (SGX Quotation and Execution System) in August 2004. The system is used by the exchange for derivatives and securities trading.[12] Trading hoursLocal times:[13]
HistoryFormation of SGXSGX was formed on 1 December 1999 as a holding company. The share capital of some former exchange companies, namely Stock Exchange of Singapore (SES), Singapore International Monetary Exchange (Simex) and Securities Clearing and Computer Services Pte Ltd (SCCS) was cancelled and new shares issued in these companies were fully paid up by SGX. In this way, all assets previously owned by these three companies were transferred to SGX. The shareholders previously holding shares in SES, Simex and SCCS received newly issued SGX shares.[14] Second Listed Exchange in Asia-PacificOn 23 November 2000, SGX became the second exchange in Asia-Pacific to be listed via a public offer and a private placement{{Citation needed|date=January 2011}} (Australian Securities Exchange was listed in 1998). Listed on its own bourse, the SGX stock is a component of benchmark indices such as the MSCI Singapore Free Index and the Straits Times Index. Joint VentureOn 25 September 2006, the Joint Asian Derivatives Exchange (JADE), a joint venture between SGX and Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) became operational.[15] However, this joint venture was cancelled in November 2007, with CME Groups selling of its 50% stake in the joint venture to SGX. The contracts previously traded on JADE were transferred to SGX's QUEST trading platform.[4] In August 2009, SGX formed a joint venture with Chi-X Global, called Chi-East.[16] At the beginning of October 2010, this joint venture received approval from the Monetary Authority of Singapore to operate a dark pool trading platform.[17] AcquisitionIn March 2007, SGX bought a 5% stake in Bombay Stock Exchange for 42.7 million dollars.[18] On 15 June 2007, Tokyo Stock Exchange, Inc. announced that it had acquired a 4.99% stake in SGX.[19] Since then the value of the shares has declined and the Tokyo Stock Exchange, Inc. has made a decision to sell the shares it holds in SGX to its parent company, the Tokyo Stock Exchange Group, Inc.[4] On 31 January 2008, SGX acquired a 20% stake in Philippine Dealing System Holdings Corp, which has become an associated company of SGX.[4] At the beginning of 2008, SGX reached an agreement to buy at least 95% of Singapore Commodity Exchange. On 30 June 2008, SGX completed the acquisition of Singapore Commodity Exchange Ltd (SICOM), which now is a 100% subsidiary.[20][21][22][23] Representative OfficeOn 18 April 2008, SGX opened a representative office in Beijing.[4][4] On 8 June 2010, SGX announced it has opened an office in London.[24][25][26] This is part of SGXs move to invest S$250 million into its Reach initiative.[27] By implementing this initiative, SGX plans to create the world's fastest trading engine and a data centre as well as further connecting trading communities in the world to Singapore. The new trading platform, SGX Reach, will be delivered to SGX by NASDAQ OMX, Voltaire and HP.[4] This platform is based on GENIUM, a trading platform developed by NASDAQ OMX.[28] PartnershipSGX has entered a partnership with NASDAQ OMX. Together they will provide a suite of tools and solutions for companies, which is designed to support listed companies in Asia.[29] Dual currency tradingSGX plan to introduce dual currency trading of securities — Which includes stocks, bonds and other listed investments in two different denominations, the Singapore and US dollar on 2 April 2012.[30] Financial PerformanceAs of 31 January 2010, SGX had 774 listed companies with a combined market capitalisation of S$650 billion. The revenues of SGX are mainly from the securities market (75%) and derivatives market (25%). SGX reported a net profit of $165.8 million for the first half of its financial year 2010. Excluding non-recurring items, net profit was 7% higher compared to 1H FY2009 ($159.2 million). In the second quarter of the financial year 2010, excluding the non-recurring items, net profit of $77.0 million was 3% higher than a year ago. Operating revenue increased 6% to $324.0 million (1H FY2009: $304.9 million). {{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} Small-cap sell-offIn October 2012, excessive speculation led to the sharp price fall of three mainboard stocks, Blumont Group Ltd, Asiasons Capital Ltd. and LionGold Corp.[31] SGX and the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) launched a review of activities around the three stocks, and in February 2014 jointly issued a consultation paper setting out a number of enhancements to strengthen the securities market and protect investors from speculative and market manipulative behaviour.[32] Enhancements included implementing a minimum trading price for mainboard listed issuers, requiring reporting of short positions and the creation of three independent regulatory bodies. 2018 Review of corporate governance codeNumerous guidelines are set to be shifted to SGX Listing Rules. At least one-third of the board members are to be independent directors. The shareholding threshold for assessing director independence has been lowered to 5% from 10%. A director will no longer be independent if he or any immediate family member is a substantial shareholder with a 5% stake or more. Relationships between chairman and CEO must be disclosed if they are immediate family members. There will be a proposed 9 year limit on independent directors as a hard limit, or the appointment of independent directors who have served more than nine years to be put to an annual vote requiring approval from majority of all shareholders and majority of non-controlling shareholders, with a transition period of three years to be provided regardless of the option adopted. Directors must be submitted for renomination and reappointment at least once every three years. If dividends are not paid, companies must state the reason. The Corporate Governance Council of Singapore is proposing to force a "nine-year rule" that will reassess whether long-serving independent directors of listed companies will qualify as independent after being in that role for so long. The proposal was made in an effort to encourage companies to refresh and introduce more diversity into their boardrooms. The Singapore Exchange is seeking public feedback on whether it should be written into the Listing Rules, and public consultation will close on March 15. [33] Merger talksMerger talks with ASXSGX was in a merger talks with Australian Securities Exchange (ASX), which would have created a bourse with a market value of US$14 billion had the deal been successful.[34][35] The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission said on 15 December 2010 that it would not oppose SGXs takeover of ASX.[36] Criticism from Tokyo Stock ExchangeSGX's plans to buy ASX have drawn criticism from the Tokyo Stock Exchange, which is the second largest shareholder in SGX. A representative of the TSE said SGX's bid for ASX "would flag off a race to consolidate".[37] TSE chief Atsushi Saito fears isolation of the Tokyo Stock Exchange as a result of the takeover.[38] Revision of takeover proposalSGX revised its initial takeover proposal in an attempt to overcome some of the opposition to the plans. This would have decreased the number of Singaporean citizens on the board of the combined company and would have given addition seats to Australians.[39] Rejection of mergerHowever, on 8 April 2011, the Australian Treasurer and Deputy Leader of the Australian Labor Party, Wayne Swan, made the decision to block the merger between the two exchanges. Upon the announcement that the federal government would block the merger, SGX retracted its bid for ASX shares and decided to seek growth opportunities elsewhere.[40] Cooperation and merger talks with LSEAs of July 2012, SGX was in merger talks with the London Stock Exchange (LSE)[41] and the two exchanges already signed a cross trading agreement.[42] However, on 20 July SGX said there are no plans for a takeover of or merger with LSE.[43] Companies listed on Singapore Exchange{{See also|Companies listed on the Singapore Exchange}}As of February 2017, there were 754 listed companies (excluding GDRs, Hedge Funds and Debt Securities) on the Singapore Exchange with a market capitalisation of SGD 977.097 billion (roughly USD 700 billion).[44]
Major shareholdersThe following is a listing of the shareholders of Singapore Exchange Ltd holding at least 5 percent as of 3 August 2015:[45]
Note: Nominees service companies were excluded See also
References1. ^{{cite web | url=http://investorrelations.sgx.com/committees.cfm | title=Board Committees | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524065738/http://investorrelations.sgx.com/committees.cfm | archivedate=24 May 2017 | access-date=13 July 2017 | dead-url=yes | df=dmy-all }} 2. ^{{cite web|title=SGX appoints Loh Boon Chye as new CEO|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/sgx-appoints-loh-boon/1900648.html|publisher=Channel NewsAsia|accessdate=9 June 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.stockmarketclock.com/exchanges/sgx|title=Singapore Exchange (SGX) Overview - StockMarketClock|website=www.stockmarketclock.com}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 5. ^{{Citation |publisher=WFE |title=Singapore Exchange |url=http://www.world-exchanges.org/member-exchanges/member-exchanges/singapore-exchange |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5zEE6edxO?url=http://www.world-exchanges.org/member-exchanges/member-exchanges/singapore-exchange |archivedate=6 June 2011 |accessdate=21 September 2010 |deadurl=no |df=dmy }} 6. ^{{cite book | last = Huat Tan | first = Chwee | title = Singapore Financial and Business Sourcebook | publisher = Singapore University Press | year = 2002 | page = 140 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=KV72O4mQ-WwC&pg=PA140 | isbn = 978-9971-69-256-8}} 7. ^{{Citation | publisher = emoney.co.ir | title = Exchange: Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited (SGX-ST) | url = http://www.emoney.co.ir/files/products/cfd_sgx.pdf | accessdate=24 November 2010}}{{dead link|date=January 2013}} 8. ^{{Cite book | last = Huat | first = T. C. | authorlink = Tan Chwee Huat | title = Financial markets and institutions in Singapore | publisher = Singapore University Press / NUS Publishing | edition = 11th| year = 2005 | location = Singapore | page = 248 | url = https://books.google.com/?id=lAChksdNj0MC&pg=PA274&dq=singapore+commodity+exchange#v=onepage&q=singapore%20exchange%20derivatives%20clearing&f=false | isbn = 978-9971-69-314-5}} 9. ^{{Citation | publisher = Singapore Exchange Ltd | title = About SGX AsiaClear | url = http://www.asiaclear.com.sg/about/aboutus.shtml | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090529105910/http://www.asiaclear.com.sg/about/aboutus.shtml | archivedate=29 May 2009 | accessdate=12 October 2010}} 10. ^{{Citation | title = The Asian Gateway Singapore Exchange Annual Report 2012 July 2011 - June 2012 | publisher = Singapore Exchange Ltd | series = Annual Report | year = 2012 | chapter = Investments in Subsidiaries | page = 122 | url = http://info.sgx.com/listprosp.nsf/6c6be9506be8679f482574e4002cb6b3/d09f33151072886048257a690025b278/$FILE/ATTBW58T.pdf/Singapore%20Exchange%20Annual%20Report%202012.pdf }}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 11. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.mondaq.com/x/56908/Company+Formation/SGX+Unveils+Catalist+SponsorSupervised+Listing+Platform+For+Fast+Growing+Companies|title=SGX Unveils Catalist, Sponsor-Supervised Listing Platform For Fast Growing Companies - Corporate/Commercial Law - Singapore|website=www.mondaq.com|access-date=2018-06-07}} 12. ^{{Citation | publisher = ASIA PAC | title = Singapore Exchange adopts Financial Information eXchange Protocol to strengthen position in global financial markets | url = http://fixglobal.com/back_issues/Q4/ASIA%20PAC/Sing%20Ex%20adopts%20FIX.pdf | accessdate=12 October 2010 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20081011050821/http://fixglobal.com/back_issues/Q4/ASIA%20PAC/Sing%20Ex%20adopts%20FIX.pdf | archivedate = 11 October 2008}} 13. ^{{cite web | title = SGX Trading Hours & Calendar | url = http://www.sgx.com/wps/portal/sgxweb/home/trading/securities/trading_hours_calendar | access-date = 26 September 2015}} 14. ^{{Citation | author = Shaw, A. | title = Singapore Stock Exchange — Demutualization and Listing of the Singapore Exchange Limited | url = http://www.adb.org/documents/books/demutualization_stock_exchanges/chapter_15.pdf | accessdate=21 October 2010 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20041116145715/http://www.adb.org/Documents/Books/Demutualization_Stock_Exchanges/chapter_15.pdf | archivedate =16 November 2004}} 15. ^{{Citation|publisher=CME Group |title=JADE Begins Trading With TSR 20 Rubber Futures Contract |url=http://cmegroup.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=43&item=464&pagetemplate=article |accessdate=1 October 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714065322/http://cmegroup.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=43&item=464&pagetemplate=article |archivedate=14 July 2011 |df=dmy }} 16. ^{{Citation |publisher=The Trade News |title=Ex-BlocSec CEO to lead Chi-East dark pool |url=http://www.thetradenews.com/asset-classes/equities/4056 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5zEEBke8c?url=http://www.thetradenews.com/asset-classes/equities/4056 |archivedate=6 June 2011 |accessdate=10 October 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy-all }} 17. ^{{Citation | publisher = Channel NewsAsia | title = Chi-East receives MAS approval to operate dark pool trading platform | url = http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporebusinessnews/view/1085106/1/.html | archiveurl = https://archive.is/20130118223255/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporebusinessnews/view/1085106/1/.html | archivedate = 18 January 2013 | dead-url = no | accessdate=10 October 2010}} 18. ^{{Citation |work=The New York Times |title=Bombay Stock Exchange sells 5% stake to Singapore Exchange |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/07/business/worldbusiness/07iht-exchange.4824769.html?_r=1 |accessdate=1 October 2010 |first=Heather |last=Timmons |date=7 March 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AOgZqnKB?url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/07/business/worldbusiness/07iht-exchange.4824769.html?_r=2 |archivedate=3 September 2012 |df=dmy }} 19. ^{{Citation |publisher=Tokyo Stock Exchange Group, Inc. |title=Acquisition by TSE of SGX shares |url=http://www.tse.or.jp/english/news/200706/070615_a.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715162619/http://www.tse.or.jp/english/news/200706/070615_a.html |archivedate=15 July 2007 |accessdate=11 October 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }} 20. ^{{Citation | publisher = Thomson Reuters | title = Singapore Exchange Limited Completes Acquisition of Singapore Commodity Exchange Limited | url = http://in.reuters.com/finance/stocks/keyDevelopments?symbol=SGXL.SI&pn=3 | archive-url = https://archive.is/20130201093605/http://in.reuters.com/finance/stocks/keyDevelopments?symbol=SGXL.SI&pn=3 | dead-url = yes | archive-date = 1 February 2013 | accessdate=1 October 2010}} 21. ^{{Citation | publisher = Alacra, Inc. | title = Singapore Exchange Ltd acquires Singapore Commodity Exchange | url = http://www.alacrastore.com/deal-snapshot/Singapore_Exchange_Ltd_acquires_Singapore_Commodity_Exchange-509368 | accessdate=9 February 2012}} {{subscription required}} 22. ^{{Citation | title = Singapore Exchange Ltd. Summary Annual Report 2008 | publisher = Singapore Exchange Ltd. | page = 9 | url = http://www.sgx.com/wps/wcm/connect/452916004812276783b6cbf7600829c5/SGX_SARFY08.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=452916004812276783b6cbf7600829c5}} 23. ^{{Citation | title = Supplemental Listing Document | chapter = Financial Statements for the Full Year Ended 30 June 2009 | publisher = Singapore Exchange | page = 18 of 35 | url = http://info.sgx.com/listprosp.nsf/6a0c49f183949ef648257562000833e5/8e70130573d3489048257616002f4fcd/$FILE/SGXCallSLD.pdf | accessdate = 27 January 2013 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 24. ^{{Citation | publisher = Singapore Exchange Limited | title = SGX expands in London | url = http://www.finanznachrichten.de/pdf/20100608_170447_S68_E98011ED1B1069404825773C00319A5E.1.pdf | accessdate=21 October 2010}} 25. ^{{Citation |publisher=The Trade News |title=SGX expands in London |url=http://www.thetradenews.com/trading-venues/exchanges/4671 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5zEEFwLyd?url=http://www.thetradenews.com/trading-venues/exchanges/4671 |archivedate=6 June 2011 |accessdate=21 October 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy-all }} 26. ^{{Citation | publisher = MediaCorp Pte Ltd | title = SGX establishes London office to better serve European customers | url = http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporebusinessnews/view/1061854/1/.html | accessdate=21 October 2010}} 27. ^{{Citation | publisher = Singapore Press Holdings Ltd | title = SGX to boost trading speeds, global links | url = http://www.asiaone.com/News/The%2BBusiness%2BTimes/Story/A1Story20100604-220283.html | accessdate=21 October 2010}} 28. ^{{Citation |publisher=The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc. |title=Gateway to Asia |url=http://www.nasdaqomx.com/whatwedo/markettechnology/marketview/MarketView_2009_1/Gateway_to_Asia/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100104200831/http://nasdaqomx.com/whatwedo/markettechnology/marketview/MarketView_2009_1/Gateway_to_Asia/ |archivedate=4 January 2010 |accessdate=21 October 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy-all }} 29. ^{{Citation | publisher = DGAP News Service | title = Singapore Exchange Partners With NASDAQ OMX to Offer Innovative Corporate Solutions to Asian Companies | url = http://www.dgap.de/news/corporate/singapore-exchange-partners-with-nasdaq-omx-offer-innovative-corporate-solutions-asian-companies_187832_660430.htm | accessdate=12 April 2011}} 30. ^1 {{cite web|title=SGX introduces dual currency trading|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporebusinessnews/view/1190559/1/.html|publisher=Channel NewsAsia|accessdate=23 March 2012}} 31. ^Reuters [https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/10/24/us-singaporeexchange-shares-idUSBRE99N1MJ20131024 "Singapore launches probe into penny stocks crash"], 24 October 2014 32. ^Baker and McKenzie "MAS and SGX Jointly Propose Enhancements to Securities Market and Self-Regulatory Framework" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722193134/http://www.bakermckenzie.com/alsingaporecorporatesecuritiesfeb14/ |date=22 July 2015 }}, February 2014 33. ^The Straits Times, "New corporate governance rules proposed", January 17 2018 34. ^{{cite web|title=SGX, Australian stock exchange in merger talks|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporebusinessnews/view/1088705/1/.html|publisher=Channel NewsAsia|accessdate=22 October 2010|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20101025025713/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporebusinessnews/view/1088705/1/.html|dead-url=no|archivedate=25 October 2010}} 35. ^[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-11617113 Singapore stock exchange bids $8.3bn for Australian ASX] {{webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/5zEELgKsv?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-11617113 |date=6 June 2011 }} 36. ^{{cite web |title=ACCC clears proposed acquisition of ASX by Singapore Exchange |url=http://www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/962113 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia |accessdate=7 January 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5zEEMMzk3?url=http://www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/962113 |archivedate=6 June 2011 |deadurl=no |df=dmy }} 37. ^{{cite web |title=Singapore's bid to buy stock exchange stings Australia's prestige |url=http://www.chinapost.com.tw/commentary/dpa/2010/10/28/277776/Singapores-bid.htm |website=China Post |accessdate=19 March 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5zEENCNdL?url=http://www.chinapost.com.tw/commentary/dpa/2010/10/28/277776/Singapores-bid.htm |archivedate=6 June 2011 |deadurl=no |df=dmy }} 38. ^{{cite web |title=Tokyo fears stock exchange merger plan |url=http://australianetworknews.com/stories/201010/3049862.htm |accessdate=19 March 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5zEENjl8q?url=http://australianetworknews.com/stories/201010/3049862.htm |archivedate=6 June 2011 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy-all }} 39. ^{{cite web |title=Singapore Exchange Recasts ASX Bid to Fight Lawmaker Opposition |url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-02-15/singapore-exchange-recasts-asx-bid-to-fight-lawmaker-opposition.html |publisher=Bloomberg |accessdate=18 April 2011 |author=Shani Raja |author2=Sarah Jones |date=15 February 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5zEEPFKW3?url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-02-15/singapore-exchange-recasts-asx-bid-to-fight-lawmaker-opposition.html |archivedate=6 June 2011 |deadurl=no |df=dmy }} 40. ^{{cite web|title=SGX eyes other opportunities|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_singapore_business/view/1121452/1/.html|publisher=Channel NewsAsia|accessdate=10 April 2011}} 41. ^{{cite news |last1=Mangan |first1=S. |last2=Armstrong |first2=R. |title=LSE, Singapore exchange in merger talks: report |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/20/us-lse-sgx-merger-idUSBRE86I1NA20120720 |agency=Reuters |accessdate=30 August 2012 |date=19 July 2012 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AI17NwSM?url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/20/us-lse-sgx-merger-idUSBRE86I1NA20120720 |archivedate=29 August 2012 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }} 42. ^{{cite web |title=SGX and LSE Sign Cross Trading Agreement |url=http://www.finanznachrichten.de/nachrichten-2012-07/24016388-sgx-and-lse-sign-cross-trading-agreement-011.htm |publisher=FinanzNachrichten.de |accessdate=30 August 2012 |date=11 July 2012 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AI1h4Fsa?url=http://www.finanznachrichten.de/nachrichten-2012-07/24016388-sgx-and-lse-sign-cross-trading-agreement-011.htm |archivedate=29 August 2012 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }} 43. ^{{cite news |title=Singapore exchange denies LSE merger talks |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/20/us-lse-sgx-idUSBRE86J09E20120720 |agency=Reuters |accessdate=4 September 2012 |date=20 July 2012 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AQKn5jXE?url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/20/us-lse-sgx-idUSBRE86J09E20120720 |archivedate=4 September 2012 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }} 44. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sgx.com/wps/wcm/connect/a9e84aa8-9344-4120-8d92-37ba71380d23/SGX+Monthly+Market+Statistics+Report+-+February+2017.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=a9e84aa8-9344-4120-8d92-37ba71380d23|title=SGX Monthly Market Statistics February 2017|publisher=}} 45. ^{{Citation | title = Singapore Exchange Annual Report 2012 July 2014 - June 2015 | publisher = Singapore Exchange Ltd | series = Annual Report | year = 2015 | chapter = Statistics of Shareholdings | page = 148 | url = http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/ABEA-69RPAC/1195320820x0x848093/A7608636-E4D3-43AC-88A5-3A2A80FE99A0/SGX_AR2015.pdf | access-date = 19 December 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151222100646/http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/ABEA-69RPAC/1195320820x0x848093/A7608636-E4D3-43AC-88A5-3A2A80FE99A0/SGX_AR2015.pdf | archive-date = 22 December 2015 | dead-url = yes | df = dmy-all }} Further reading
| url = https://books.google.com/?id=MKBAdjxbWT0C&pg=PA157&dq=singapore+commodity+exchange#v=onepage&q=singapore%20commodity%20exchange&f=false | isbn = 978-0-470-84841-8}} External links{{Commons category|Singapore Exchange}}
4 : Singapore Exchange|Economy of Singapore|Stock exchanges in Singapore|Companies listed on the Singapore Exchange |
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