| 词条 | Single transverse palmar crease |
| 释义 |
| name = Single transverse palmar crease | synonyms = Simian crease, simian line | image = Simian_crease2.jpg | alt = | caption = Single transverse palmar crease on an infant's hand | pronounce = | field = Medical genetics | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} In humans, a single transverse palmar crease is a single crease that extends across the palm of the hand, formed by the fusion of the two palmar creases (known in palmistry as the "heart line" and the "head line") and is found in people with Down syndrome.[1][2][3] However, it is not an indication that a person with single transverse palmar crease has to have Down syndrome. It is also found in 1.5% of the general population in at least one hand.[4] Because it resembles the usual condition of non-human simians, it is also known as a simian crease or simian line, although these terms have widely fallen out of favor due to their pejorative connotation.[5] Medical significanceMales are twice as likely as females to have this characteristic, and it tends to run in families. In its non-symptomatic form, it is more common among Asians and Native Americans than among other populations, and in some families there is a tendency to inherit the condition unilaterally; that is, on one hand only.{{fact|date=July 2018}} The presence of a single transverse palmar crease can be, but is not always, a symptom associated with abnormal medical conditions, such as fetal alcohol syndrome, or with genetic chromosomal abnormalities, including Down syndrome (chromosome 21), cri du chat syndrome (chromosome 5), Klinefelter syndrome, Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome, Noonan syndrome (chromosome 12), Patau syndrome (chromosome 13), IDIC 15/Dup15q (chromosome 15), Edward's syndrome (chromosome 18), and Aarskog-Scott syndrome (X-linked recessive), or autosomal recessive disorder, such as Leukocyte adhesion deficiency-2 (LAD2).[6] A unilateral single palmar crease was also reported in a case of chromosome 9 mutation causing Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome and Robinow syndrome.[7] It is also sometimes found on the hand of the affected side of patients with Poland syndrome, and craniosynostosis. See also
References1. ^{{cite web | author = McPherson M.D., Katrina | title = Simian crease | work = Medical Encyclopedia | publisher = United States National Library of Medicine | date = 2004-05-03 | url = https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/17226.htm | accessdate = 2006-09-28}} 2. ^{{cite web | title = Definition of Simian crease | work = MedicineNet | publisher = MedicineNet, Inc. | year = 2005 | url = http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=40405 | accessdate = 2006-09-28}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Hammer|first=edited by Stephen J. McPhee, Gary D.|title=Pathophysiology of disease : an introduction to clinical medicine|year=2010|publisher=McGraw-Hill Medical|location=New York|isbn=9780071621670|pages=Chapter 2|edition=6th|chapter=Pathophysiology of Selected Genetic Diseases}} 4. ^{{cite web | author = Dar M.D., Hannah | title = Palmar Crease Variants and Their Clinical Significance | work = Medical Encyclopedia | publisher = United States National Library of Medicine | date = 1976-08-06 | url = http://www.nature.com/pr/journal/v11/n2/pdf/pr197715a.pdf | accessdate = 2016-10-20}} 5. ^{{cite book |author1=Cooley, W. Carl |author2=Wilson, Golder |title=Preventive management of children with congenital anomalies and syndromes |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge, UK |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-521-77673-8 |oclc= |doi= |page=147}} 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=30 June 1999|title=Leukocyte adhesion deficiency II syndrome, a generalized defect in fucose metabolism|url=|journal=The Journal of Pediatrics 134, No. 6 (1999): 681–688.|doi=|pmid=|access-date=}} 7. ^{{cite journal|url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/tu4a0tvflwr76atv/ |title=Interstitial deletion of chromosome 9, int del(9)(9q22.31-q31.2), including the genes causing multiple basal cell nevus syndrome and Robinow/brachydactyly 1 syndrome |date=2003-02-01 |accessdate=2013-01-10 |doi=10.1007/s00431-002-1116-4|pmid=12548386 }} External links{{Medical resources| DiseasesDB = | ICD10 = | ICD9 = {{ICD9|757.2}} (CDC/BPA 757.200) | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = 003290 | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | MeshID = }}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}} 2 : Hand|Down syndrome |
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