“Sinéad O'Connor”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Shuhada' Davitt (born Sinéad Marie Bernadette O'Connor {{IPAc-en|ʃ|ɪ|ˈ|n|eɪ|d}}, 8 December 1966)^[1]^[1] is an Irish singer-songwriter who rose to fame in the late 1980s with her debut album The Lion and the Cobra. As Sinéad O'Connor, she achieved worldwide success in 1990 with a new arrangement of Prince's song "Nothing Compares 2 U".

Since then, while maintaining her singing career, she has occasionally encountered controversy, partly due to her statements and gestures—such as her ordination as a priest despite being a woman with a Roman Catholic background—and her strongly expressed views on organised religion, women's rights, war, and child abuse. In addition to her ten solo albums, her work includes many singles, songs for films, collaborations with many other artists, and appearances at charity fundraising concerts.

In 2017, O'Connor said that she had changed her legal name to Magda Davitt. On converting to Islam in 2018, she changed it again to Shuhada' Davitt.^[2]

Early life

O'Connor was born in Glenageary in County Dublin and was named after Sinéad de Valera, wife of Irish President Éamon de Valera and mother of the doctor presiding over the delivery, and Saint Bernadette of Lourdes.^[3] She is the third of five children, sister to novelist Joseph, Eimear, John, and Eoin.

Her parents are Sean O'Connor, a structural engineer later turned barrister and chairperson of the Divorce Action Group, and Marie O'Connor. In 1979 O'Connor left her mother and went to live with her father and his new wife. At the age of 15, her shoplifting and truancy led to her being placed for eighteen months in a Magdalene Asylum,^[4] the Grianán Training Centre run by the Order of Our Lady of Charity. In some ways, she thrived there, especially in the development of her writing and music, but she also chafed under the imposed conformity. Unruly students there were sometimes sent to sleep in the adjoining nursing home, an experience of which she later commented, "I have never—and probably will never—experience such panic and terror and agony over anything."^[5]

O'Connor in June 1993 wrote a public letter in The Irish Times which asked people to "stop hurting" her: "If only I can fight off the voices of my parents / and gather a sense of self-esteem / Then I'll be able to REALLY sing ..." The letter repeated accusations of abuse by her parents as a child which O'Connor had made in interviews. Her brother Joseph defended their father to the newspaper but agreed regarding their mother's "extreme and violent abuse, both emotional and physical". Sinead said that month, "Our family is very messed up. We can't communicate with each other. We are all in agony. I for one am in agony."^[6]

Musical career

1980s

One of the volunteers at Grianán was the sister of Paul Byrne, drummer for the band In Tua Nua, who heard O'Connor singing "Evergreen" by Barbra Streisand. She recorded a song with them called "Take My Hand" but they felt that at 15, she was too young to join the band.^[7] Through an ad she placed in Hot Press in mid-1984, she met Colm Farrelly. Together they recruited a few other members and formed a band called Ton Ton Macoute.^[3] The band moved to Waterford briefly while O'Connor attended Newtown School, but she soon dropped out of school and followed them to Dublin, where their performances received positive reviews. Their sound was inspired by Farrelly's interest in world music, though most observers thought O'Connor's singing and stage presence were the band's strongest features.^[3]^[8]

O'Connor's time as singer for Ton Ton Macoute brought her to the attention of the music industry, and she was eventually signed by Ensign Records. She also acquired an experienced manager, Fachtna O'Ceallaigh, former head of U2's Mother Records. Soon after she was signed, she embarked on her first major assignment, providing the vocals for the song "Heroine", which she co-wrote with U2's guitarist The Edge for the soundtrack to the film Captive. O'Ceallaigh, who had been fired by U2 for complaining about them in an interview, was outspoken with his views on music and politics, and O'Connor adopted the same habits; she defended the actions of the Provisional IRA and said U2's music was "bombastic".^[9] She later retracted her IRA comments saying they were based on nonsense, and that she was "too young to understand the tense situation in Northern Ireland properly".^[10]

Her first album The Lion and the Cobra was "a sensation" when it was released in 1987^[11] and it reached gold record status and earned a Best Female Rock Vocal Performance Grammy nomination. The single "Mandinka" was a big college radio hit in the United States, and "I Want Your (Hands on Me)" received both college and urban play in a remixed form that featured rapper MC Lyte. In her first US network television appearance, O'Connor sang "Mandinka" on Late Night with David Letterman in 1988.^[12] The single "Troy" was also released as a single in the UK, Ireland, and the Netherlands, where it reached number 5 on the Dutch Top 40 chart.^[13].

O'Connor named Bob Dylan, David Bowie, Bob Marley, Siouxsie and the Banshees and The Pretenders as the artists who influenced her on her debut album.^[14]

In 1989 O'Connor joined The The frontman Matt Johnson as a guest vocalist on the band's album Mind Bomb, which spawned the duet "Kingdom of Rain".

1990s

Her second album – 1990's I Do Not Want What I Haven't Got – gained considerable attention and mostly positive reviews: it was rated "second best album of the year" by the NME.^[15] She was praised for her voice and her original songs. She was also noted for her appearance: her trademark shaved head, often angry expression, and sometimes shapeless or unusual clothing.

The album I Do Not Want What I Haven't Got featured Marco Pirroni and Kevin Mooney, of Adam and the Ants fame, and contained her international breakthrough hit "Nothing Compares 2 U", a song written by Prince and originally recorded and released by a side project of his, The Family.

In 1990, she joined many other guests for former Pink Floyd member Roger Waters' massive performance of The Wall in Berlin. (In 1996, she would guest on Broken China, a solo album by Richard Wright of Pink Floyd.) In 1991, her take on Elton John's "Sacrifice" was acclaimed as one of the best efforts on the tribute album Celebrating the Songs of Elton John & Bernie Taupin.

In 1990, she contributed a cover of "You Do Something to Me" to the Cole Porter tribute/AIDS fundraising album Red Hot + Blue produced by the Red Hot Organization. Red Hot + Blue was followed by the release of Am I Not Your Girl?, an album of standards and torch songs that she had listened to while growing up. The album received mixed-to-poor reviews, and was a commercial disappointment in light of the success of her previous work.

Also in 1990, she was criticized after she stated that she would not perform if the United States national anthem was played before one of her concerts. Frank Sinatra threatened to "kick her in the ass".^[18] After receiving four Grammy Award nominations, she withdrew her name from consideration.^[9]

She spent the following months studying Bel canto singing with teacher Frank Merriman at the Parnell School of Music. In an interview with The Guardian published 3 May 1993 she reported that her singing lessons with Merriman were the only therapy she was receiving, describing Merriman as "the most amazing teacher in the universe."^[19]

Also in 1992, she contributed backing vocals on the track "Come Talk To Me", and shared vocals on the single "Blood of Eden" from the studio album Us by Peter Gabriel.

The 1993 soundtrack to the film In the Name of the Father featured "You Made Me the Thief of Your Heart", with significant contributions from U2 frontman Bono.

The more conventional Universal Mother (1994) did not succeed in restoring her mass appeal; however the music videos for the first and second singles, "Fire on Babylon" and "Famine", were nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video.^[20]^[21] She toured with Lollapalooza in 1995, but dropped out when she became pregnant. The Gospel Oak EP followed in 1997, and featured songs based in an acoustic setting.

In 1994, she appeared in The Music of Pete Townshend and The Who, also known as Daltrey Sings Townshend. This was a two-night concert at Carnegie Hall produced by Roger Daltrey of The Who in celebration of his 50th birthday. A CD and a VHS video of the concert were issued in 1994, followed by a DVD in 1998.

She appeared in Neil Jordan's The Butcher Boy in 1997, playing the Virgin Mary.^[22]

In 1998, she worked again with the Red Hot Organization to co-produce and perform on Red Hot + Rhapsody.

2000s

Faith and Courage was released in 2000, including the single "No Man's Woman", and featured contributions from Wyclef Jean of the Fugees and Dave Stewart of Eurythmics.

Her 2002 album, Sean-Nós Nua, marked a departure in that O'Connor interpreted or, in her own words, "sexed up" traditional Irish folk songs, including several in the Irish language.^[23] In Sean-Nós Nua, she covered a well-known Canadian folk song, Peggy Gordon, interpreted as a song of lesbian, rather than heterosexual, love. In her documentary, Song of Hearts Desire, she stated that her inspiration for the song was her friend, a lesbian who sang the song to lament the loss of her partner.

In 2003, she contributed a track to the Dolly Parton tribute album Just Because I'm a Woman, a cover of Parton's "Dagger Through the Heart". That same year, she also featured on three songs of Massive Attack's album 100th Window before releasing her double album, She Who Dwells in the Secret Place of the Most High Shall Abide Under the Shadow of the Almighty. This compilation contained one disc of demos and previously unreleased tracks and one disc of a live concert recording. Directly after the album's release, O'Connor retired from music.^[24]

Collaborations, a compilation album of guest appearances, was released in 2005—featuring tracks recorded with Peter Gabriel, Massive Attack, Jah Wobble, Terry Hall, Moby, Bomb The Bass, The Edge, U2, and The The.

Ultimately, after a brief period of inactivity and a bout with fibromyalgia, her retirement proved to be short-lived—O'Connor stated in an interview with Harp that she only intended to retire from making mainstream pop/rock music, and after dealing with her fibromyalgia, chose to move into other musical styles.^[25] The reggae album Throw Down Your Arms appeared in late 2005.

On 8 November 2006, O'Connor performed seven songs from her upcoming album Theology at The Sugar Club in Dublin. Thirty fans were given the opportunity to win pairs of tickets to attend along with music industry critics.^[26] The performance was released in 2008 as Live at the Sugar Club deluxe CD/DVD package sold exclusively on her website.

O'Connor released two songs from her album Theology to download for free from her official website: "If You Had a Vineyard" and "Jeremiah (Something Beautiful)". The album, a collection of covered and original Rastafari spiritual songs, was released in June 2007. The first single from the album, the Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber classic "I Don't Know How to Love Him", was released on 30 April 2007.^[27] To promote the album, O'Connor toured extensively in Europe and North America. She also appeared on two tracks of the new Ian Brown album The World Is Yours, including the anti-war single "Illegal Attacks".^[28]

2010s

In January 2010, O'Connor performed a duet with R&B singer Mary J. Blige produced by former A Tribe Called Quest member Ali Shaheed Muhammad of O'Connor's song "This Is To Mother You" (first recorded by O'Connor on her 1997 Gospel Oak EP). The proceeds of the song's sales were donated to the organisation GEMS (Girls Educational and Mentoring Services).^[29]

In 2012 the song "Lay Your Head Down", written by Brian Byrne and Glenn Close for the soundtrack of the film Albert Nobbs and performed by O'Connor, was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song.

In 2011, O'Connor worked on recording a new album, titled Home, to be released in the beginning of 2012,^[30] titled How About I Be Me (and You Be You)?,^[31]^[32] with the first single being "The Wolf is Getting Married". She planned an extensive tour in support of the album but suffered a serious breakdown between December 2011 and March 2012,^[33] resulting in the tour and all other musical activities for the rest of 2012 being cancelled. O'Connor resumed touring in 2013 with the The Crazy Baldhead Tour. The second single "4th and Vine" was released on 18 February 2013.^[34]

In February 2014, it was revealed that O'Connor had been recording a new album of original material, titled The Vishnu Room, consisting of romantic love songs.^[35] In early June 2014, it O'Connor's new album was retitled I'm Not Bossy, I'm The Boss, with an 11 August release date. The title derives from the Ban Bossy campaign that took place earlier the same year. The album's first single is entitled "Take Me to Church".^[36]^[37]

In November 2014, O'Connor's management was taken over by Simon Napier-Bell and Björn de Water.^[38] On 15 November, O'Connor joined the charity supergroup Band Aid 30 along with other British and Irish pop acts, recording the latest version of the track "Do They Know It's Christmas?" at Sarm West Studios in Notting Hill, London, to raise money for the West African Ebola virus epidemic.^[39] In 2015 she spoke of plans to publish a memoir.^[40]

O'Connor said that she would release a new album under her new name of Magda Davitt in 2019, titled No Mud No Lotus, with a demo song from the album, "Milestones" produced with David Holmes.^[41]

Controversies

Saturday Night Live performance

On 3 October 1992, O'Connor appeared on Saturday Night Live as a musical guest. She sang an a cappella version of Bob Marley's "War", which she intended as a protest against sexual abuse of children in the Catholic Church, referring to child abuse rather than racism.^[42] She then presented a photo of Pope John Paul II to the camera while singing the word "evil", after which she tore the photo into pieces, said "Fight the real enemy", and threw the pieces towards the camera.^[43] The incident occurred nine years before John Paul II acknowledged the sexual abuse within the Church.^[44]

Saturday Night Live had no foreknowledge of O'Connor's plan; during the dress rehearsal, she held up a photo of a refugee child. NBC Vice-President of Late Night Rick Ludwin recalled that when he saw O'Connor's action, he "literally jumped out of [his] chair". SNL writer Paula Pell recalled personnel in the control booth discussing the cameras cutting away.{{r |snlbackstage20110220}} The audience was completely silent, with no booing or applause;{{r|hj19921006}} executive producer Lorne Michaels recalled that "the air went out the studio". He ordered that the applause sign not be used.{{r |snlbackstage20110220}}

A nationwide audience saw O'Connor's live performance, which the New York Daily News{{'}}s cover called a "Holy Terror".^[45] NBC received more than 500 calls on Sunday^[46] and 400 more on Monday, with all but seven criticising O'Connor;^[47] the network received 4,400 calls in total.^[48] Contrary to rumour, NBC was not fined by the Federal Communications Commission for O'Connor's act, and the FCC has no regulatory power over such behaviour.{{r |hinckley20050314}} NBC did not edit the performance out of the West coast tape-delayed broadcast that night.^[49] {{As of|2016}}, NBC broadcasts reruns of the episode using footage from the dress rehearsal.{{r|hinckley20050314}}

During his opening monologue the following week, Catholic-raised host Joe Pesci held up the photo, explaining that he had taped it back together, to huge applause. Pesci also said that if it had been his show, "I would have gave her such a smack".^[50]

In a 2002 interview with Salon, when asked if she would change anything about the SNL appearance, O'Connor replied, "Hell, no!"^[51] On 24 April 2010, MSNBC aired the live version during an interview with O'Connor on The Rachel Maddow Show.{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}}

Madonna's reaction

When Catholic-raised Madonna appeared later that season on SNL, after singing "Bad Girl", she held up a photo of Joey Buttafuoco^[52] and, saying "fight the real enemy", tore it up. Madonna also roundly attacked O'Connor in the press for the incident, telling the Irish Times: "I think there is a better way to present her ideas rather than ripping up an image that means a lot to other people." She added, "If she is against the Roman Catholic Church and she has a problem with them, I think she should talk about it."^[53] The New York Times called it "professional jealousy" and wrote:

Bob Guccione, Jr. in a 1993 Spin editorial was adamant in his defence of O'Connor, writing:

In November 1991, a year prior to the incident, O'Connor had told Spin magazine:

Bob Dylan tribute performance

Two weeks after the Saturday Night Live appearance, she was set to perform "I Believe in You" at the Bob Dylan 30th Anniversary tribute concert in Madison Square Garden.^[56] She was greeted by a thundering mixture of cheers and jeers. During the booing, Kris Kristofferson told her not to "let the bastards get you down", to which she replied, "I'm not down."^[57]^[58] The noise eventually became so loud that O'Connor saw no point in starting the scheduled song. She called for the keyboard player to stop and the microphone to be turned up, and then screamed over the audience with an improvised, shouted rendition of "War",^[59] which she stopped just after mentioning child abuse, emphasizing the point of her previous action. She then looked straight to the audience for a second and left the stage. Kristofferson then comforted her, as she cried.^[60]^[61]

After Dark appearance

In January 1995 O'Connor "was so interested in a (television) discussion about abuse and the Catholic church that she rang in to ask if she could appear. They sent a taxi to her home".^[62] The Evening Standard wrote that After Dark "made a brief reappearance last Saturday night when, true to its unpredictable form, Sinéad O'Connor walked on to the set 10 minutes before closedown".^[63] Host Helena Kennedy described the event:

Open letter to Miley Cyrus

O'Connor published an open letter, on her own website, to pop singer Miley Cyrus on 2 October 2013 in which she warned Cyrus of the treatment of women in the music industry and the role that sexuality plays in this context. O'Connor stated:

Fellow musician Amanda Palmer responded with her own open letter that was published on Palmer's blog. After Palmer stated that O'Connor continues to be an important influence since her teenage years, Palmer then addressed where O'Connor was "off target" in her correspondence to Cyrus. Palmer explained that she wrote the letter en route to a benefit performance for the Girls Rock Dallas group that seeks to empower young female musicians in Dallas, US, and a subsequent video was published of a tribute cover version that she included in the performance, whereby she blends "Nothing Compares 2 U" with Cyrus’ song "Wrecking Ball".^[66]

Remarks about Prince

Speaking about her relationship with Prince in an interview with Norwegian station NRK in November 2014 she said, "I did meet him a couple of times. We didn’t get on at all. In fact we had a punch-up." She continued: "He summoned me to his house after "Nothing Compares 2U". I made it without him. I’d never met him. He summoned me to his house – and it's foolish to do this to an Irish woman – he said he didn’t like me saying bad words in interviews. So I told him to fuck off....He got quite violent. I had to escape out of his house at 5 in the morning. He packed a bigger punch than mine."^[67] In a 2004 interview with Graham Norton, O'Connor claimed that the story was "much exaggerated by the press" and referred to him as "a sweet guy".^[68]

Rant on Twitter about non-Muslims

After her conversion to Islam, O'Connor called those who were not Muslims “disgusting” and criticised Christian and Jewish theologians on Twitter in November 2018.^[69]^[70] Later that month, O'Connor clarified that her remarks were made in an attempt to force Twitter to close down her account.^[71]

Personal life

Personal and public image

While her shaved head was initially an assertion against traditional views of women, years later, O'Connor said she had begun to grow her hair back, but that after being asked if she was Enya, O'Connor shaved it off again. "I don't feel like me unless I have my hair shaved. So even when I'm an old lady, I'm going to have it."^[72]

Marriages and children

She had her first son, Jake, with her first husband, music producer John Reynolds,^[78] who co-produced several of her albums, including Universal Mother. Reynolds and O'Connor married in 1987.^[73] Soon after the birth of her daughter Roisin in 1995,^[73] O'Connor and the girl's father, Irish journalist John Waters, began a long custody battle that ended with O'Connor agreeing to let Roisin live in Dublin with Waters.^[74]

In mid-2001, O'Connor wed British journalist Nick Sommerlad; the marriage ended in 2004.^[74] She had her third child, son Shane, in 2004 with musician Donal Lunny.^[74]^[73] In 2006 she had her fourth child, Yeshua Francis Neil Bonadio, whose father is Frank Bonadio.^[75]^[76]

O'Connor was married a third time on 22 July 2010, to longtime friend and collaborator Steve Cooney,^[77]^[78] and in late March 2011 made the decision to separate.^[79]

Her fourth marriage was to Irish therapist Barry Herridge. They wed on 9 December 2011 in Las Vegas, but their marriage ended after having "lived together for 7 days only".^[80] The following week, on 3 January 2012, O'Connor issued a further string of internet comments to the effect that the couple had re-united.^[81]

In March 2015 she revealed that she was going to be a grandmother for the first time.^[82] On 18 July 2015 her first grandson was born to her son Jake Reynolds and his girlfriend Lia.^[83]

Sexuality

In a 2000 interview in Curve, O'Connor commented, "I'm a dyke… although I haven’t been very open about that and throughout most of my life I've gone out with blokes because I haven't necessarily been terribly comfortable about being a big lesbian mule. But I actually am a dyke."^[84] However, soon after in an interview in The Independent, she stated, "I believe it was overcompensating of me to declare myself a lesbian. It was not a publicity stunt. I was trying to make someone else feel better. And have subsequently caused pain for myself. I am not in a box of any description." In a magazine article and in a programme on RTÉ (Ryan Confidential, broadcast on RTÉ on 29 May 2003), she stated that while most of her sexual relationships had been with men, she has had three relationships with women.

Health

On a 4 October 2007 broadcast of The Oprah Winfrey Show, O'Connor disclosed that she had been diagnosed with bipolar disorder four years earlier, and had attempted suicide on her 33rd birthday on 8 December 1999.^[85] Then, on Winfrey's "Where Are They Now?" show of 9 February 2014, O'Connor said that she had received three "second opinions" and was told by all three that she was not bipolar.

In August 2015 she revealed that she was to undergo a hysterectomy after suffering with gynaecological problems for over three years.^[86] O'Connor would later blame the hospital's refusal to administer hormonal replacement therapy after the operation as the main reason for her mental health issues in the subsequent years, stating "I was flung into surgical menopause. Hormones were everywhere. I became very suicidal. I was a basket case."^[87]

In August 2017, O'Connor posted a 12-minute video on her Facebook page in which she states that she has felt alone since losing custody of her 13-year-old son, for the past two years she has wanted to kill herself and only her doctor and psychiatrist were "keeping her alive".^[88] The next month, O'Connor appeared on the American television talk show Dr. Phil on the show's 16th season debut episode.^[89] According to Dr. Phil, O'Connor wanted to do the interview because she wanted to "destigmatize mental illness," noting the prevalence of mental health issues among musicians.^[90]

Politics

O'Connor is a vocal supporter of a united Ireland, and called on the left-wing republican Sinn Féin party to be "braver". In December 2014 it was reported O'Connor had joined Sinn Féin.^[91] O'Connor has called for the "demolition" of the Irish Republic and its replacement with a new, united country. She has also called for key Sinn Féin politicians like Gerry Adams to step down because "they remind people of violence", referring to the Troubles.^[92]

In a 2015 interview with the BBC, O'Connor wished that Ireland had remained under British rule (which ended after the Irish War of Independence, except for Northern Ireland), because the church took over the country instead.^[93] Following the Brexit referendum in 2016, O'Connor wrote on Facebook "Ireland is officially no longer owned by Britain".^[94]

Religion

In the late 1990s, Bishop Michael Cox of the Irish Orthodox Catholic and Apostolic Church (an Independent Catholic group not in communion with the Catholic Church) ordained O'Connor as a priest. The Roman Catholic Church considers ordination of women to be invalid and asserts that a person attempting the sacrament of ordination upon a woman incurs excommunication.^[95] The bishop had contacted her to offer ordination following her appearance on the RTÉ’s Late Late Show, during which she told the presenter, Gay Byrne, that had she not been a singer, she would have wished to have been a Catholic priest. After her ordination, she indicated that she wished to be called Mother Bernadette Mary.^[95]

In August 2018, via an open letter, she asked Pope Francis to excommunicate her, as she had asked of Pope Benedict and John Paul II.^[96]

In a July 2007 interview with Christianity Today, O'Connor stated that she considers herself a Christian and that she believes in core Christian concepts about the Trinity and Jesus Christ. She said, "I think God saves everybody whether they want to be saved or not. So when we die, we’re all going home... I don’t think God judges anybody. He loves everybody equally."^[97] In an October 2002 interview, she credited her Christian faith in giving her the strength to live through and overcome the effects of her child abuse.^[42]

On 26 March 2010, O'Connor appeared on Anderson Cooper 360° to speak out about the Catholic sexual abuse scandal in Ireland.^[98] On 28 March 2010, she had an opinion piece published in the Sunday edition of the Washington Post in which she wrote about the scandal and her time in a Magdalene laundry as a teenager.{{r |wp20100325}} Writing for the Sunday Independent she labelled the Vatican as "a nest of devils" and called for the establishment of an "alternative church", opining that "Christ is being murdered by liars" in the Vatican.^[99] Shortly after the election of Pope Francis she described the office of the Pope as an "anti-Christian office."^[100] O'Connor stated:

Asked whether from her point of view, it is therefore irrelevant who is elected to be Pope, O'Connor replied,

Finances

In January 2017, O'Connor sold her Irish home after accumulating tax arrears.^[104]^[105]

Name

In 2017, she changed her legal name to Magda Davitt, saying in an interview that she wished to be "free of the patriarchal slave names. Free of the parental curses.”^[96]^[106] On her conversion to Islam in October 2018, she adopted the name Shuhada' Davitt.^[102]

Discography

Awards

References

1. ^{{cite web|url= https://edition.cnn.com/2018/10/26/entertainment/sinead-oconnor-ireland-islam-intl/index.html|title= Sinead O'Connor converts to Islam and changes name to Shuhada |first=}}
2. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-45987127|title=Sinéad O'Connor converts to Islam|date=26 October 2018|work=BBC News|access-date=26 October 2018}}
3. ^¹²Dermott Hayes, Sinéad O'Connor: So Different, Omnibus Press, 1991
4. ^{{Cite news| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/03/25/AR2010032502363.html?hpid%3Dopinionsbox1%C3%A2%C2%8A%C2%82=AR | work=The Washington Post | title=To Sinead O'Connor, the pope's apology for sex abuse in Ireland seems hollow | date=28 March 2010}}
5. ^Rolling Stone, April 1988
6. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.apnewsarchive.com/1993/Singer-and-Family-Rummage-Through-Their-Psyches-in-Public/id-75b63677eceede6a82d4d0d04262dfd3|title= Singer and Family Rummage Through Their Psyches in Public|agency=Associated Press|date=1 July 1993}}
7. ^NME, 29 October 1988
8. ^Jimmy Guterman, Sinead: Her Life and Music, Warner Books, 1991
9. ^¹²[{{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p110558/biography|pure_url=yes}} Allmusic bio]
10. ^{{cite web | title=Sinead O'Connor Takes Back Pro Ira Comments | url=http://www.contactmusic.com/news-article/sinead-oconnor-takes-back-pro-ira-comments | publisher=Contactmusic.com | accessdate=13 February 2013 }}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-lion-and-the-cobra-r14360 |title=The Lion and the Cobra |first=Stephen Thomas|last= Erlewine |publisher=AllMusic |accessdate=18 March 2012}}
12. ^{{cite video | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P9c03aHny-s | title=Sinéad O'Connor Mandinka | publisher=YouTube }}
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.radio538.nl/web/show/id=44685/chartid=5811 |title=De Nederlandse Top 40, week 3, 1988 |accessdate=8 October 2018 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080120160334/http://www.radio538.nl/web/show/id%3D44685/chartid%3D5811 |archivedate=20 January 2008 |df= }}
14. ^{{cite journal |author=Gaisne Julien |title=Sinead O'Connor interview |journal=Rolling Stone (french version) |issue=n°42, April 2012 |quote=Q: Qui étaient tes artistes préférés quand tu as commencé? A:Bob Dylan, il l'est probablement toujours. Il y avait aussi David Bowie, Bob Marley, Siouxsie and the Banshees, The Pretenders. (Translation) Q:Who were your favourite singers when you started? A:Bob Dylan, he probably still is. There were also David Bowie, Bob Marley, Siouxsie and the Banshees, The Pretenders.}}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nme.com/bestalbumsandtracksoftheyear/1990 |title=album of the year |work=NME |accessdate=18 March 2012}}
16. ^{{Cite book| first= John| last= Tobler| year= 1992| title= NME Rock 'N' Roll Years| edition= 1st| publisher= Reed International Books Ltd| location= London| page= 482| id= CN 5585 }}
17. ^{{IMDb title|0102080}}
18. ^{{cite news|title=Legislator Urges Boycott Over Sinead's Anthem Ban|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1990-08-28/entertainment/ca-409_1_national-anthem|accessdate=28 September 2017|work=Los Angeles Times|agency=Times Wire Services|publisher=Times-Mirror Co.|page=10}}
19. ^{{Cite news | first=Maggie | last=O'Kane | title='I fit in here,' Sinéad O'Connor says of her return to Dublin | work=The Guardian | date=3 May 1993}}
20. ^{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1995-01-06/entertainment/ca-17089_1_vocal-performance/16|title=The 37th Grammy Nominations|page=16|date=6 January 1995|accessdate=15 April 2011|work=Los Angeles Times}}
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58. ^{{cite video|people=Kris Kristofferson, Sinéad O'Connor, Miriam O'Callaghan|date=12 August 2010|title=Kris Kristofferson on his special relationship with Sinéad O'Connor|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8B_J-Bd0iE|publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann | accessdate=22 August 2011}}
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82. ^{{cite news| url= http://www.evoke.ie/showbiz/nothing-compares-to-being-called-gran-sinead-o-connor-im-going-to-be-a-grandmother/| work= evoke.ie| title= Nothing compares to being called gran! Sinéad O Connor: 'I’m going to be a grandmother'| date= 2 March 2015| access-date= 3 March 2015| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150308203611/http://www.evoke.ie/showbiz/nothing-compares-to-being-called-gran-sinead-o-connor-im-going-to-be-a-grandmother| archive-date= 8 March 2015| dead-url= yes| df= dmy-all}}
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84. ^{{Cite news | publisher = Access my library | url = http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-27901349_ITM | title = Sinéad O'Connor Comes Out in an Exclusive Interview With Curve, the Nation’s Best-Selling Lesbian Magazine | agency = PR Newswire | date = 8 June 2000 | accessdate =26 February 2008 }}
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87. ^{{cite web|last1=Deerwester|first1=Jayme|title=Sinéad O'Connor tells Dr. Phil her problems stemmed from being 'flung into menopause'|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/tv/2017/09/12/sinead-oconnor-tells-dr-phil-her-problems-stemmed-being-flung-into-menopause/659140001/|website=USA Today|accessdate=16 September 2017}}
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89. ^{{cite web|last1=Fernandez|first1=Matt|title=Sinead O’Connor on ‘Dr. Phil’: ‘I’m Very Excited to Be Getting Some Proper Help’|url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/sinead-oconnor-dr-phil-interview-video-1202555641/|website=Variety}}
90. ^{{cite web|last1=France|first1=Lisa Respers|title=Sinead O'Connor sits down with 'Dr. Phil'|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/09/08/entertainment/sinead-oconnor-dr-phil/index.html|website=CNN|accessdate=16 September 2017}}
91. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/6451131/sinead-oconnor-sinn-fein-irish-republican-party-ireland-partition|title=Sinead O'Connor Won't Be Joining Irish Republican Party -- Here's Why|publisher=}}
92. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/sinead-oconnor-calls-for-demolition-of-the-irish-republic-and-the-birth-of-a-new-country-9922692.html|title=Why Sinead O'Connor wants to destroy Ireland and build a new country|publisher=}}
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94. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/music/news/sinead-oconnor-is-alive-and-celebrating-irelands-brexit-freedom/|title=Sinead O'Connor celebrates Ireland's Brexit 'freedom' in furious Facebook post|date=24 June 2016|work=The Daily Telegraph|location=London}}
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96. ^¹{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2018/oct/26/sinead-oconnor-converts-to-islam-shuhada-davitt|title=Sinéad O'Connor converts to Islam, taking new name Shuhada' Davitt|first=Ben|last=Beaumont-Thomas|date=26 October 2018|website=the Guardian|accessdate=11 November 2018}}
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106. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/sinead-oconnor-dr-phil-interview-mother-emotional-sexual-abuse-suicide-attempts-a7942411.html|title=Sinead O'Connor claims abusive mother 'ran a torture chamber' in emotional Dr. Phil interview|newspaper=Independent.co.uk|language=en|access-date=16 January 2018}}