| 词条 | María Luisa Elío |
| 释义 |
| name = María Luisa Elío | image = María_Luisa_Elío_(17_August_1926_-_17_July_2009).jpg | alt = | caption = | birth_name = María Luisa Elío Bernal | birth_date = {{birth date|1926|08|17|df=y}} | birth_place = Pamplona, Spain | death_date = {{death date and age|2009|07|17|1926|08|17|df=y}} | death_place = Mexico City, Mexico | nationality = | other_names = | occupation = writer, filmmaker | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = }} María Luisa Elío Bernal (17 August 1926 – 17 July 2009) was a Spanish writer and actress exiled in Mexico. She was an inspiration for Gabriel García Márquez.[1] She wrote and acted in an autobiographical film, El balcón vacío (The Empty Balcony), which was one of the first films to depict the life of Spanish exiles during the Spanish Civil War. BiographyBorn in Pamplona on 17 August 1926, María Luisa was the third and last daughter of Luis Elío Torres and Carmen Bernal López de Lago, who had married in 1920.[2] Her father, a lawyer and judge, suffered for his left-wing tendencies during the Spanish Civil War and was imprisoned, but managed to escape.[2] In late 1939 he was smuggled to the border, and after a brief time in the Gurs concentration camp, he made his way to Paris and was reunited with his family. On February 16, 1940, they departed for Mexico.[3] María Luisa, an intelligent, glamorous woman, studied drama, became involved in cultural and literary circles and married Jomí García Ascot, also the child of exiles,[2] in 1952.[4] After arriving in Mexico, Elío began studying drama with Seki Sano,[5] a Japanese exile living in Mexico.[6] She was a member of the group Poetry Out Loud and published poetry works in newspapers and magazines. She also wrote short stories, screenplays and performed on Mexican television.[7] In 1960, her husband was invited to go to Cuba and participate in a film, Cuba 58 being filmed there.[8] Originally five segments were planned for the film, but the final composition contains only three, two of which were created by García Ascot.[9] García planned a new project, a musical comedy in the style of West Side Story, but had to abandon the project as the political situation in Cuba deteriorated.[8] The couple returned to Mexico and began working in a collaboration with Emilio García Riera to produce one of the first films about Spanish exiles. The film, El bacón vacío (The Empty Balcony) is Elío's autobiographical story and she wrote the script of the film.[9] She also acted in the film.[14] Shooting only on weekends because the trio all had regular jobs, the film took a year to produce and was not a commercial success, though it did win awards.[8] Elío and her husband were personal friends of the writer Gabriel García Márquez and his masterwork, One Hundred Years of Solitude was dedicated to them with the inscription, “Para (to) Jomí García Ascot y María Luisa Elío”. In the eighteen months that he took to write the book, they went to his house every night and critiqued the versions of the story as it developed.[10] In 1968, Elío and García Ascot divorced. In 1970, she took their son Diego (born 1963) with her and made her first return trip to Spain. She wrote a book, Tiempo de llorar (Time to Weep) in 1988 about the bittersweet return[2] and the breakdown she had as a result.[4] A second book, Cuaderno de apuntes en carne viva (Notebook in Living Flesh) published in 1995, attempted to explore the journey of putting her broken pieces back together.[11] Those who came as children from Spain as exiles to Mexico, called themselves The Nepantla Generation, a Nahuatl word which describes the state of belonging to two places at the same time. Neither of one, nor the other. Elío described herself as being caught between past and present which hampered her ability to see the future.[12] Elío died in Coyoacán, Mexico City, on 17 July 2009.[11] AwardsIn 2007, the Spanish Government decorated María Luisa Elio Bernal with the Officer's Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic for her services to Spain.[4][13] Selected worksWritings
Screen appearances
References1. ^{{cite news|title=Murió la escritora y guionista María Luisa Elío, inspiradora de García Márquez|url=http://www.abcguionistas.com/noticias/guion/murio-la-escritora-y-guionista-maria-luisa-elio-inspiradora-de-garcia-marquez.html|accessdate=14 April 2015|publisher=ABC Guionistas|date=6 August 2009}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.diariodenavarra.es/20090810/culturaysociedad/maria-luisa-elio-vida-propia-como-fabulacion.html?not=2009081001005865&dia=20090810|title=María Luisa Elío y la vida propia como fabulación|publisher=Diario de Navarra|date=10 August 2009|accessdate=15 April 2015 |language=Spanish}} 3. ^{{cite news|title=Publican la biografía de la escritora navarra del exilio María Luisa Elío Bernal|url=http://gara.naiz.eus/paperezkoa/20091213/171934/es/Publican-biografia-escritora-navarra-exilio-Maria-Luisa-Elio-Bernal|accessdate=16 April 2015|publisher=Gara Naiz|date=13 December 2009|location=Donostia, Basque Country|language=Spanish}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last1=Sicot|first1=Bernard|title=Comptes rendus: Eduardo Mateo Gambarte, María Luisa Elío Bernal. La vida como nostalgia y exilio|journal=Bulletin Hispanique|date=2011|volume= 113|issue= 2|pages=807–816|url=http://bulletinhispanique.revues.org/1478?lang=es|accessdate=16 April 2015|publisher=Presses universitaires de Bordeaux|location=Bordeaux, France|language=French}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Elio, Maria Luisa|url=http://www.literatura.bellasartes.gob.mx/acervos/index.php/catalogo-biobibliografico/755|accessdate=15 April 2015|publisher=Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes y Literatura|date=October 16, 2012|language=Spanish}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Seki Sano|url=http://www.elem.mx/autor/datos/3764|website=Enciclopedia de la Literatura en México|publisher=Enciclopedia de la Literatura en México|accessdate=15 April 2015|language=Spanish}} 7. ^{{cite web| title=Catálogo de escritores: Elío, María Luisa|website=Literatura Bellas Artes|url=http://www.literatura.bellasartes.gob.mx/acervos/index.php/catalogo-biobibliografico/755?showall=1|accessdate=25 May 2015|publisher=Coordinación Nacional de Literatura Registra y Difunde la Literatura en Mexico|date=16 October 2012}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite web|last1=Garmendia|first1=Arturo|title=Jomí García Ascot, memoria y exilio|url=http://www.cineforever.com/2011/06/18/jomi-garcia-ascot-memoria-y-exilio/|website=Cine Forever|publisher=Cine Forever|accessdate=15 April 2015|language=Spanish|date=18 June 2011}} 9. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Arias Solís |first1=Francisco |title=Jomi García Ascot Por Francisco Arias Solís |url=http://www.articuloz.com/biografias-articulos/jomi-garcia-ascot-por-francisco-arias-solis-1799051.html |accessdate=15 April 2015 |publisher=ArticuloZ |date=29 January 2010 |language=Spanish |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070411/http://www.articuloz.com/biografias-articulos/jomi-garcia-ascot-por-francisco-arias-solis-1799051.html |archivedate=4 March 2016 |df= }} 10. ^{{cite web|last1=Jaime|first1=Victor Nunez|title=María Luisa Elío, la destinataria de Cien años de soledad|url=http://blogs.elpais.com/periodista-en-serie/2014/04/mar%C3%ADa-luisa-el%C3%ADo-la-destinataria-de-cien-a%C3%B1os-de-soledad.html|website=El País|publisher=El País|accessdate=15 April 2015|location=Madrid, Spain|language=Spanish|date=April 21, 2014}} 11. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Arias Solís|first1=Francisco|title=La voz de una niña de la guerra|url=http://mx.globedia.com/maria-luisa-elio-bernal-francisco-arias-solis|accessdate=16 April 2015|publisher=Globedia|date=6 May 2010|location=San Sebastián, Spain|language=Spanish}} 12. ^{{cite book|last1=Tuñón|first1=Julia|chapter=The Nepantla Generation As Portrayed in the Empty Balcony by Jomí García Ascot|editor1-last=Rocha|editor1-first=Carolina|editor2-last==Seminet|editor2-first=Georgia|title=Representing history, class, and gender in Spain and Latin America children and adolescents in film|pages=40–44 |date=2012|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=Basingstoke|isbn=1137030879|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=NSHIAAAAQBAJ&lpg=PA33}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=4993480&fecha=13/07/2007|title=DOF: 13/07/2007|publisher=Diaro Oficial de la Federación|accessdate=17 April 2015 |language=Spanish}} 14. ^1 {{cite web|title=María Luisa Elio|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0253634/|website=IMDb|publisher=IMDb|accessdate=15 April 2015}} Literature
External links
10 : 1926 births|2009 deaths|Spanish women writers|Mexican women writers|People from Pamplona|Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in Mexico|Spanish actresses|Recipients of the Order of Isabella the Catholic|Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in Cuba|Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in France |
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