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词条 Mass No. 1 (Schubert)
释义

  1. Background

  2. Structure

  3. References

  4. External links

{{Infobox musical composition
| image = LichtentalerPfarrkirche060128.jpg
| caption = Lichtental Parish Church. The mass was composed for the church's centennial.
| name = Mass No. 1
| composer = Franz Schubert
| key = F major
| catalogue = {{D.}} 105
| form = {{lang|la|Missa solemnis}}
| composed = {{Start date|1814}}
| performed = {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|1814|09|25|df=y}}|location=Lichtental}}
| movements = 6
| vocal = {{abbr|SATB|soprano, alto, tenor and bass}} choir and soloists
| instrumental = orchestra and organ
}}Mass No. 1 in F major, {{D.}} 105, is a mass composed by Franz Schubert in 1814. It is scored for two soprano soloists, two tenor soloists, alto and bass soloists, SATB choir, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, 2 horns, violin I and II, viola, and {{lang|it|basso continuo}} (cello, double bass and organ). It was the first of Schubert's masses to be performed,[1] and is of the {{lang|la|missa solemnis}} type.[2]

Background

The mass was composed for the centennial celebration of the parish church of Lichtental, now part of Vienna.[1] The Schuberts' family church, it is also known as {{lang|de|Schubertkirche}} (Schubert church).[3] Schubert received an invitation to compose a mass for the anniversary in May 1814.[4] The premiere was conducted on 25 September with an estimated 62 performers, a large contingent for contemporary performances.[4] The composer's brother Ferdinand played the organ, Michael Holzer served as choirmaster, Joseph Mayseder served as concertmaster, Therese Grob sang the soprano solo, and Schubert conducted.[5] Schubert's teacher Antonio Salieri may have attended the premiere; afterwards, he is said to have embraced his student with the words "{{lang|de|der mir noch viele Ehre machen wird}}" ("You will bring me yet more honour").[6]

Ferdinand wrote that a second performance took place ten days later at St Augustine's Court Church, before a prestigious audience that may have included foreign dignitaries.[5]

Schubert's love for Therese Grob may have been kindled during the writing of this mass.[7] The prominent first soprano solo, with its high tessitura, was designed to showcase her voice.[5][8]

Schubert composed an alternative {{lang|la|Dona nobis pacem}}, {{D.}} 185, in April 1815. This may have been composed for a service during the public outcry over Napoleon's escape from Elba;[8] alternatively, it may have been for a second performance of the mass at the Lichtental church on Trinity Sunday.[4] It replaces a shorter, less fugal section in the 1814 version.

Structure

The piece is divided into six movements. Performances require approximately 40 minutes. Notes are based on Schubert's 1815 revision.

  1. "{{lang|el|Kyrie}}" {{lang|it|Larghetto}}, F major, 6/8
  2. "{{lang|la|Gloria}}" {{lang|it|Allegro vivace}}, C major, cut common time
    "{{lang|la|Gratias agimus tibi}}..." {{lang|it|Andante con moto}}, F major, 3/4; STB soloists
    :"{{lang|la|Domine Deus, Rex coelestis}}..." choir
    "{{lang|la|Domine Deus, Agnus Dei}}..." {{lang|it|Adagio}}, D minor, common time; SATB soloists and choir
    "{{lang|la|Quoniam tu solus sanctus}}..." {{lang|it|Allegro}}, C major, common time
    "{{lang|la|Cum sancto spiritu}}..." {{lang|it|Allegro vivace}}, C major, cut common time
  3. "{{lang|la|Credo}}" {{lang|it|Andantino}}, F major, 3/4
  4. "{{lang|la|Sanctus}}" {{lang|it|Adagio maestoso}}, F major, common time
  5. "{{lang|la|Benedictus}}" {{lang|it|Andante con moto}}, B-flat major, 3/4; soprano and tenor quartette
  6. "{{lang|la|Agnus Dei}}" {{lang|it|Adagio molto}}, F minor, common time
    "{{lang|la|Dona nobis pacem}}..." {{lang|it|Allegro molto}}, F major, 6/8

References

1. ^1 {{cite book|title=The Cambridge Companion to Schubert|series=Cambridge Companions to Music|first=Christopher H.|last=Gibbs|page=209|year=1997|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F1C0pGoG538C|isbn=9780521484244}}
2. ^{{cite book|title=Choral Repertoire|first=Dennis|last=Shrock|page=383|year=2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xgzYae1n__EC|isbn=9780199716623}}
3. ^{{cite web|title=Geschichte der Pfarre Lichtental||url=http://www.schubertkirche.at/|language=German}}
4. ^1 2 {{cite book|title=The Unknown Schubert|editor1-first=Barbara M.|editor1-last=Reul|editor2-first=Lorraine Byrne|editor2-last=Bodley|first=Crawford|last=Howie|chapter=Small is beautiful: Schubert's smaller sacred works|page=66|year=2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GCKfMGpE7xcC|isbn=9780754661924}}
5. ^1 2 {{cite book|title=The Life of Schubert|first=Christopher H.|last=Gibbs|page=40|year=2000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R3_PTtmcjHcC|isbn=9780521595124}}
6. ^{{cite book|title=Schubert: The Music and the Man|first=Brian|last=Newbould|authorlink=Brian Newbould|year=1999|page=36|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-Faikq3F8VYC|isbn=9780520219571}}
7. ^{{cite book|title=The Schubert Song Companion|first=John|last=Reed|year=1997|page=252|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5MSxqOisofgC|isbn=9781901341003}}
8. ^1 {{cite book|title=Franz Schubert: Music and Belief|first=Leo|last=Black|year=2003|page=32|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q08FHmpWMzwC|isbn=9781843831358}}

External links

  • {{IMSLP2|work=Mass No.1, D.105 (Schubert, Franz)|cname=Mass No. 1 (Schubert)}}
  • {{ChoralWiki|Mass No. 1 in F major, D105 (Franz Schubert)|Mass No. 1 (Schubert)|prep=of}}
{{Schubert masses}}

4 : Masses by Franz Schubert|1814 compositions|1814 in the Austrian Empire|Compositions in D major
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