“Max Hodann”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Max Julius Carl Alexander Hodann (30 August 1894 – 17 December 1946) was a German physician, eugenicist, sex educator and socialist, "the best-known and most controversial medical sex educationalist in the Weimar Republic".^[1] He wrote for a working-class readership (e.g. Guy and Gal, 1924) and for children (e.g. Where Children Come From, 1926). After 1933, as a refugee from Nazi Germany, he lived predominantly in Norway and Sweden.

Life

Max Hodann was born in Neisse, Upper Silesia, the son of a military doctor. After his father died in 1899, Hodann and his mother moved to Berlin, then to Meran in the Tyrol, and back to Berlin in 1904. He was educated at a Berlin gymnasium and took part in the German Youth Movement. He studied medicine at the University of Berlin, graduating (after interruption to for army service in World War I) in 1919.^[2]

Hodann was a medical health officer in Reinickendorf, Berlin from 1922 to 1923. He worked at Magnus Hirschfeld's Institute for Sexual Science from 1926 to 1929 as head of sexual counseling and the "eugenic department for mother and child" He organized public question-and-answer sex education evenings, and wrote several sex education publications which were temporarily banned. He was a member of the Association of Socialist Physicians and the National League for Birth Control and Sexual Hygiene in Weimar Germany.^[3]

Hodann was arrested in February 1933, and detained without trial for several months. He crossed the border to Switzerland, staying briefly in France, the Netherlands and Denmark before living in England,^[2] where he was unsuccessful in efforts to set up an Institute.^[3] Moving to Norway, where he was financially supported by the Norwegian workers' organization Arbeidernes Justisfond, he published articles on family and sexuality in the Norwegian workers' press. After visiting Palestine in 1934, he co-authored a book with Lise Lindbæk about the Jewish return to Palestine. He worked as a military doctor in Spain from 1937 to 1938, returning to Norway and publishing a children's novel in Norwegian under the pseudonym Henry M. Dawes. Shortly before the German invasion of Norway in 1940, he moved to Sweden. There he published a novel worked with German military deserters,^[2] as well as with the Swedish Association for Sex Education (RFSU).^[4] He died from an asthma attack in Stockholm on 17 December 1946. There are papers at the Archives of the Swedish Municipal Workers' Union in Stockholm.^[2]

Works

References

1. ^{{cite book|author=Lutz D. H. Sauerteig|editor=Franx X. Eder, Lesley Hall & Gert Hekma|title=Sexual Cultures in Europe: Themes in Sexuality|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DW8qzGvU4S4C&pg=PA31|accessdate=18 December 2012|year=1999|publisher=Manchester University Press|isbn=978-0-7190-5321-4|pages=21–2|chapter=Sex education in Germany from the eighteenth to the twentieth century}}
2. ^¹²³{{cite book|author=Zlata Fuss Phillips|title=German Children's and Youth Literature in Exile 1933–1950: Biographies and Bibliographies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tGvDBQ64WPgC&pg=PA55|accessdate=18 December 2012|year=2001|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=978-3-11-095285-8|pages=55–6}}
3. ^¹Online-Exhibition by the Magnus-Hirschfield Society
4. ^{{cite book|author=Lena Lenerhed|editor=Lutz D. H. Sauerteig & Roger Davidson|title=Shaping sexual knowledge: a cultural history of sex education in 20th century Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d6NnD_RJyTcC|accessdate=18 December 2012|year=2009|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-41114-1|pages=60–1|chapter=Taking the Middle Way: Sex Education Debates in Sweden in the Early Twentieth Century}}

Life

Works

References

Further reading