| 词条 | May Wilson Preston |
| 释义 |
| name = May Wilson Preston | image = May Wilson Preston, by 1910.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Abastenia St. Leger Eberle, May Wilson Preston, by 1910 | birth_name = May Wilson | birth_date = {{Birth date|1873|8|11}} | birth_place = New York, New York | death_date = {{Death date and age|1949|5|18|1873|8|11}} | death_place = East Hampton, New York | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | nationality = American | education = Art Students League of New York, James Abbott McNeill Whistler, William Merritt Chase | alma_mater = | known_for = Illustrations | notable_works = | style = | movement = | spouse =
| awards = | elected = | patrons = | memorials = | website = }} Mary (May) Wilson Watkins Preston (1873{{spaced ndash}}1949) was an American illustrator of books and magazines and an impressionist painter.[1] She had an interest in art beginning in her teenage years, but her parents sent her to Oberlin College hoping that she would develop another interest. After three years, and at the urging of one of her teachers, Preston's parents allowed her to return to New York and attend the Art Students League. She then studied in Paris with James Whistler and next at the New York School of Art with William Merritt Chase. Following the death of her first husband, Thomas Henry Watkins, Preston embarked on a career as an illustrator to support herself. She socialized and exhibited with artists of the Ashcan School and married one of the group, James Moore Preston, in 1903. They traveled to Europe together, summered on Long Island, and co-illustrated a magazine story. She became a successful illustrator for magazines, like Harper's Bazaar and The Saturday Evening Post, and was a successful book illustrator. Considered one of the top women illustrators between 1900 and 1940, Preston was one of the few female members and exhibitors of the Society of Illustrators, having been admitted March 29, 1904 after peers Florence Scovel Shinn, Elizabeth Shippen Green, Violet Oakley, and Jessie Willcox Smith. Like them, she was only an Associate Member since full membership was not allowed for women until the 1920s.[2] She exhibited at the 1913 Armory Show and won a medal at the Panama–Pacific Exposition in 1915. Preston was one of the major suffrage artists. Her works are in a number of museum collections. She played herself in the film Our Mutual Girl that was shown in theaters in 1915. Early lifeMary Wilson was born on August 28, 1873 in New York City.[3] She was the only child,[4] of Ann Taylor Wilson and John J. Wilson.[4] Preston was one of the founders of the country's oldest women's fine arts organization, the Women's Art Club, at the age of 16.[5] EducationShe was a "high spirited girl" whose parents tried to dissuade her from becoming and artist and sent her to Oberlin College[7] in 1889. Preston was there until 1892,[3] when one of her teachers convinced her parents to allow their "irrepressible" daughter to study art.[6] She studied at the Art Students League of New York from 1892 through 1897[5] under William Merritt Chase, Robert Henri and John Henry Twachtman.[3] She objected when, as a female, she was not allowed to attend life drawing classes.[4] Preston studied in Paris with James Whistler.[5] She studied under Chase again at the New York School of Art in 1901.[3][6] She met Edith Dimock and another art student, Lou Seyme there.[6] After the three moved into the Sherwood Studios on 57th Street, they became known as the "Sherwood Sisters" for the weekly open house they held at their studio, noted for its "fun and high jinks".[6][7] MarriageIn 1898 she married Thomas Henry Watkins, who died in 1900.[8] In 1903 May Wilson Watkins married artist James Moore Preston,[6] who was one of the artists in the urban realisim group called the Ashcan School with George Luks, Everett Shinn, John Sloan, and Robert Henri.[3] Her roommate Dimock married one of the original Ashcan School painters, William J. Glackens.[6] The two couples spent summers together from 1911 to 1917 in Bellport on Long Island and took trips together to Europe. May and James traveled to France often. In New York, they frequented Cafe Francis and Mouquin's with a group of fellow artists.[23] In 1935, the Prestons moved to East Hampton, New York.[5] The Prestons did not have any children.[8] CareerAfter her first husband's death, she supported herself by working as an illustrator. Unsure of her talent, she approached a magazine with trepidation. When asked by the editor why she brought her drawings to them, Preston said, "Because, I am a beginner and thought that this was the worst magazine I had ever seen." He bought a sketch, with a smile on his face.[9] Preston began illustrating in 1900 and the following year her works were published in Harper's Bazaar.[3] From "People who interest us: May Wilson Preston, Illustrator of Real Life" in The Craftsman (1910): {{quote|[S]he lived courageously through years of repeated defeat, experiencing every variety of supercilious rebuff that tradition can offer fresh creative effort ... her determination to stick to her ideals has been as great as her courage.[9]}}At the turn of the century there was a movement to incorporate greater realism in illustrations. Preston was one of the artists who effectively followed the lead of William Glackens, George Luks and Everett Shinn.[10] She was considered one of the top woman illustrators between 1900 and 1939. Others were Elizabeth Shippen Green, Jessie Willcox Smith, and Violet Oakley.[11] Preston became the first, and for years the only, woman to be an associate member and exhibitor at the Society of Illustrators.[3] In 1920, the four top women illustrators and society's associate members became full members when the Society of Illustrators was incorporated.[12] Preston also showed her work with the artists of the informal Ashcan School.[3] She was one of the major suffrage artists, as were Nina E. Allender and Rose O'Neill.[13] Preston was one of the postcard artists for the movement. From 1902 to 1915, it was a pastime of many Americans to collect postcards. She was a judge to select artwork for 300 billboard across the state of New York. John French Sloan and F. Luis Mora were the other judges.[14] Preston was a co-illustrator with her husband, James Moore Preston, on the "Our Horse" story printed in a 1910 edition of Everybody's Magazine.[15] The landmark Armory Show of 1913 included one of Preston's oil paintings, Girl with print.[16] She won an award at the Panama–Pacific Exposition in 1915.[3] In New York, she exhibited at the MacDowell Club.[17] Preston played herself in the movie Our Mutual Girl which was shown in theaters in 1915.[18] In 1920, Preston illustrated two F. Scott Fitzgerald stories for The Saturday Evening Post: Bernice Bobs Her Hair and Myra Meets His Family. She also illustrated stories published in the Post by Mary Roberts Rinehart.[19] Her drawings illustrated articles by Ring Lardner and P. G. Wodehouse.[6] Later yearsHer career was essentially over after contracting a skin infection that made it difficult for her to paint and as a result of the dwindling market during the Depression. She died on May 18, 1949 in East Hampton on Long Island, New York.[3] Her husband, James Moore Preston, died in 1962.[20] Collections
Works
The following is a short list of 41 books at the Library of Congress for Preston:[29]
References1. ^{{cite book | author=Chris Petteys | title=Dictionary of Women Artists | publisher=G K Hill & Co. publishers |year=1985 }} 2. ^Michele H. Bogart, Artists, Advertising, and the Borders of Art, University of Chicago Press: 1995 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite book|author=Robert McHenry|title=Famous American Women: A Biographical Dictionary from Colonial Times to the Present|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n9SZh8eDtt0C&pg=PA335|year=1980|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|isbn=978-0-486-24523-2|pages=335–336}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=City Life Illustrated, 1890-1940: Sloan, Glackens, Luks, Shinn, Their Friends and Followers, Delaware Art Museum, September 7-November 23, 1980|year=1980|publisher=The Museum|page=76}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|author=Natalie A. Naylor|title=Women in Long Island's Past: A History of Eminent Ladies and Everyday Lives|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VQsKfBQhSpcC&pg=PA77|year=2012|publisher=The History Press|isbn=978-1-60949-499-5|page=77}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite book | author=Charlotte Streifer Rubenstein |title=American Women Artists: from Early Indian Times to the Present |publisher=Avon Publishers | year=1982 | page=166 }} 7. ^{{cite book | author=Kirsten Swinth | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Saa68GzVGpEC&pg=PA175 |title=Painting Professionals: Women Artists & the Development of Modern American Art, 1870-1930 | publisher=UNC Press Books | year=2001 | isbn=978-0-8078-4971-2 | pages=175, 256 }} 8. ^1 2 3 {{cite book | chapter=Preston, May Wilson (1873–1949) |title= Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia | url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G2-2591307665.html| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150323095442/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G2-2591307665.html| dead-url=yes| archive-date=March 23, 2015| author=Barbara Morgan | publisher=Gale (accessed online via HighBeam Research online subscription service) | year=2002 | accessdate=October 1, 2014 }} 9. ^1 {{cite book|title=The Craftsman|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vo9AAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA472|year=1910|publisher=United Crafts|page=472}} 10. ^{{cite book|title=Metropolitan Lives: The Ashcan Artists and Their New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IaEWfZr3A1EC&pg=PA204|year=1995|publisher=National Museum of American Art|isbn=978-0-393-03901-6|pages=203–204}} 11. ^{{cite book|author=Sue Heinemann|title=Timelines of American Women's History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5kjkZjvnI-sC&pg=PA378|year=1996|publisher=Berkley Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-399-51986-4|pages=377–378}} 12. ^{{cite book|author=Ellen Mazur Thomson|title=The Origins of Graphic Design in America, 1870-1920|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_evKxbMgkycC&pg=PA154|year=1997|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-06835-1|page=154}} 13. ^{{cite book|author=Laura R. Prieto|title=At Home in the Studio: The Professionalization of Women Artists in America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0bcXHa08knsC&pg=PA267|year=2001|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-00486-3|page=267}} 14. ^{{cite book|author=Kenneth Florey|title=Women's Suffrage Memorabilia: An Illustrated Historical Study|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XWgsAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA119|date=5 June 2013|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-0150-2|pages=115, 119, 148}} 15. ^{{cite book|title=Everybody's Magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jprPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA221|volume=22|date=January–June 1910|publisher=North American Company|pages=221–230|chapter=Our Horse}} 16. ^{{cite book | author=Milton W. Brown |title=The Story of the Armory Show | publisher=The Joseph H. Hirshhorn Foundation | year=1963 | page=278 }} 17. ^{{cite book|title=American Art Directory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v07EmzFCkt8C&pg=PA230|year=1914|publisher=R.R. Bowker.|page=230}} 18. ^{{cite news | title=Our Mutual Girl (advertisement) | newspaper=Daily East Oregonian | location=Pendleton, Oregon | date=January 22, 1915 | page=4 }} 19. ^{{cite book|author=Mary Jo Tate|title=Critical Companion to F. Scott Fitzgerald: A Literary Reference to His Life and Work|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C90C_Du_lKIC&pg=PA360|date=1 January 2007|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-0845-2|page=360}} 20. ^1 {{cite book|author=Carol Clark|title=American Drawings and Watercolors|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eywSRM7Kpw8C&pg=PA172|year=1992|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=978-0-87099-639-9|page=172}} 21. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.barnesfoundation.org/collections/art-collection/artist/66/may-wilson-preston | title=May Wilson Preston | publisher=Barnes Foundation | accessdate=September 28, 2014 }} 22. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.brandywinemuseum.org/news_print/news021_print.html | title=Mrs. Pamela C. Copeland Honored by Gift Enriching the Brandywine River Museum's Permanent Collection | publisher=Brandywine River Museum | date=February 2001 }} 23. ^{{cite web | url=http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&profile=all&source=~!siartinventories&uri=full=3100001~!376793~!0#focus | title=Untitled Illustration, 1917 | publisher=Art Inventories Catalog, Smithsonian Institution | accessdate=September 30, 2014 }} 24. ^{{cite web | url=http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&profile=all&source=~!siartinventories&uri=full=3100001~!378777~!0#focus |title=There's Only One Thing to Do and That's to Be Married at Once, On Six Dollars a Week| publisher=Art Inventories Catalog, Smithsonian Institution | accessdate=September 30, 2014 }} 25. ^{{cite web | url=http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&profile=all&source=~!siartinventories&uri=full=3100001~!435939~!0#focus |title=Woman and Man | publisher=Art Inventories Catalog, Smithsonian Institution | accessdate=September 30, 2014 }} 26. ^{{ cite web | url=http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&profile=all&source=~!siartinventories&uri=full=3100001~!252330~!0#focus | title=Conversation | publisher=Art Inventories Catalog, Smithsonian Institution | accessdate=September 30, 2014 }} 27. ^{{cite web | url=http://npgportraits.si.edu/emuseumCAP/code/emuseum.asp?style=text¤trecord=1&page=search&profile=CAP&searchdesc=Artist%20contains%20May%20Wilson%20...&searchstring=Artist/,/contains/,/May%20Wilson%20Preston/,/false/,/false&newvalues=1&newaction=newpage&newstyle=single&newcurrentrecord=3 | title=Search: May Wilson Preston | publisher=National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution | location=Washington, D.C. | accessdate=September 30, 2014 | quote=Ernest Lawson, 1911 }} 28. ^{{cite web | url=http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&profile=all&source=~!siartinventories&uri=full=3100001~!372687~!0#focus |title=One Hundred Percent| publisher=Art Inventories Catalog, Smithsonian Institution | accessdate=September 30, 2014 }} 29. ^{{cite web | url=http://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg=May+Wilson+Preston&searchCode=GKEY^*&searchType=0&recCount=25&sk=en_US | title=Search:May Wilson Preston | publisher=Library of Congress | accessdate=September 29, 2014 }} Further reading
External links
11 : Artists from New York City|American women illustrators|American women painters|1873 births|1949 deaths|19th-century American painters|20th-century American painters|20th-century American women artists|19th-century American women artists|Painters from New York (state)|Students of William Merritt Chase |
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