| 词条 | Melaleuca basicephala |
| 释义 |
|status = P4 |status_system = DECF |genus = Melaleuca |species = basicephala |authority = Benth. }} Melaleuca basicephala is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a rarely-seen shrub from the dense freshwater swamps of the wet far south-west corner of the state. DescriptionMelaleuca basicephala grows to a height of about {{convert|0.9|m|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} with glabrous branches. The leaves are in alternating opposite pairs (decussate) and are {{convert|8–12.5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|1.8–2.5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide, oval or tear-drop shaped and glabrous.[1][2]The flowers are in heads on the previous year's shoots in groups of two to ten, the heads up to {{convert|10|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} in diameter. The stamens are in five bundles around the flower, each bundle with 17 to 23 pinkish-purple or mauve-pink stamens. Flowering occurs from November to February. The fruits are {{convert|3|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long.[1][2] Taxonomy and namingMelaleuca basicephala was first formally described in 1867 by George Bentham in Flora Australiensis.[3][4] The specific epithet (basicephala) is from the Greek βάσις (básis) meaning "base" or "pedestal"[5]{{rp|125}} and κεφαλή (kephalḗ) meaning "head"[5]{{rp|194}} referring "to the inflorescences usually being at the base of lateral shoots."[2]Distribution and habitatThis species occurs in dense swamps in the Augusta and Northcliffe districts[1] in the Jarrah Forest and Warren biogeographic regions.[6] It grows in black, peaty sand and clay in winter-wet flats and swamps.[7] ConservationMelaleuca basicephala is classified as "Priority Four" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife[6] meaning that it is rare or near threatened and in need of monitoring.[8]References1. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Holliday|first1=Ivan|title=Melaleucas : a field and garden guide|date=2004|publisher=Reed New Holland Publishers|location=Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.|isbn=1876334983|pages=14–15|edition=2nd}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q15370461}}2. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Brophy|first1=Joseph J.|last2=Craven|first2=Lyndley A.|last3=Doran|first3=John C.|title=Melaleucas : their botany, essential oils and uses|date=2013|publisher=Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research|location=Canberra|isbn=9781922137517|page=86}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Melaleuca basicephala|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/boa/instance/apni/509037|publisher=APNI|accessdate=16 March 2015}} 4. ^{{cite web|last1=Bentham|first1=George|title=Flora Australiensis|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/41807#page/133/mode/1up|accessdate=16 March 2015}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.}} 6. ^1 {{FloraBase|name=Melaleuca basicephala|id = 5877}} 7. ^{{cite book|last1=Paczkowska|first1=Grazyna|last2=Chapman|first2=Alex R.|title=The Western Australian flora : a descriptive catalogue|date=2000|publisher=Wildflower Society of Western Australia|location=Perth|isbn=0646402439|page=391}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna|url=http://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/plants-animals/threatened-species/Listings/conservation_code_definitions.pdf|publisher=Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife|accessdate=1 May 2015}} 5 : Melaleuca|Myrtales of Australia|Flora of Western Australia|Plants described in 1867|Endemic flora of Western Australia |
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