| 词条 | Melaleuca violacea |
| 释义 |
|image = Melaleuca violacea at Cape Riche.JPG |image_caption = M. violacea leaves and flowers |genus = Melaleuca |species = violacea |authority = Schauer[1] }} Melaleuca violacea is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia. It is a small, straggly, prostrate to semi-prostrate shrub with purple flowers and star-shaped fruit. DescriptionMelaleuca violacea usually grows to a height of less than {{convert|1.5|m|ft|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} with many horizontal, layered branches. Its leaves are in opposite pairs, glabrous, heart-shaped to oblong or oval and variable in size, usually {{convert|5-15|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|2-8|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide and with a short stalk.[2][3]Purple or violet flowers appear on old wood, individually or in groups of up to six and usually in spring. The stamens are arranged in five bundles around the flower, each bundle with up to 25 stamens. The base of the flower is glabrous, {{convert|1.5-2|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long. Flowering occurs from July to November and is followed by fruit which are woody capsules, {{convert|2.5-3|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|4-6|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} in diameter. The persistent sepals produce a star shape when the fruits are viewed end-on.[1][2] Taxonomy and namingThis species was first formally described in 1844 by Johannes Conrad Schauer in Plantae Preissianae.[3][4] The specific epithet (violacea) is a Latin word meaning "violet-coloured"[5] referring to the colour of the flowers.[2] Distribution and habitatMelaleuca violacea occurs from Ravensthorpe to Walpole and as far inland as the Stirling Range and Ongerup district.[1] It grows in sandy or clayey soils over limestone or laterite on low ridges, undulating terrain and swamps.[6][7]ConservationMelaleuca violacea is classified as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife.[6]Use in horticultureA form of this species known as the "tabletop form" grows to a height of {{convert|50|cm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} and spreads to {{convert|1.5|m|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}}. It is grown from cuttings to maintain its properties and is hardy. It grows well in full sun or semi-shade and in a wide range of soils.[8][9] References1. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Holliday|first1=Ivan|title=Melaleucas : a field and garden guide|date=2004|publisher=Reed New Holland Publishers|location=Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.|isbn=1876334983|pages=308–309|edition=2nd}} {{Wikispecies}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q15372275}}2. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Brophy|first1=Joseph J.|last2=Craven|first2=Lyndley A.|last3=Doran|first3=John C.|title=Melaleucas : their botany, essential oils and uses|date=2013|publisher=Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research|location=Canberra|isbn=9781922137517|page=383}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=Melaleuca violacea|url=https://biodiversity.org.au/boa/instance/apni/545986|publisher=APNI|accessdate=13 March 2015}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Lehmann|first1=J.G.C.|title=Plantae Preissianae|date=1844|location=Hamburg|page=146|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/498179#page/151/mode/1up}} 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.|page=153}} 6. ^1 {{FloraBase|name=Melaleuca violacea|id = 5988}} 7. ^{{cite book|last1=Paczkowska|first1=Grazyna|last2=Chapman|first2=Alex R.|title=The Western Australian flora : a descriptive catalogue|date=2000|publisher=Wildflower Society of Western Australia|location=Perth|isbn=0646402439|page=399}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Wrigley|first1=John W.|last2=Fagg|first2=Murray|title=Australian native plants : a manual for their propagation, cultivation and use in landscaping|date=1983|publisher=Collins|location=Sydney|isbn=0002165759|page=86|edition=2nd}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Group|first1=Australian Plant Study|title=Grow what basic : 200 popular Australian plants for your garden & how to grow them|date=1983|publisher=Nelson|location=Melbourne, Victoria [Australia]|isbn=0170062864|page=144}} 6 : Melaleuca|Myrtales of Australia|Rosids of Western Australia|Plants described in 1844|Endemic flora of Western Australia|Taxa named by Johannes Conrad Schauer |
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