| 词条 | Mesology |
| 释义 |
Mesology (Ancient Greek μέσος, mésos "middle" and -λογια -logia "branch of study") is a former term for the science ecology or the study of the mutual interrelationships between the living creatures and their biological, social, and environmental surroundings. (Not to be confused with mesology as being "the study of ways of achieving happiness".[1]) HistoryThe term mesology was introduced by the English color theorist and philosopher, George Field (1777-1854) in a book published in 1839, Outlines of Analogical Philosophy.[2] The term was later discussed in 1860 in a book by Louis-Adolphe Bertillon. Similar in spirit to Field's interpretation, Bertillon's aim was to create a branch of biology that would describe the relationship between the environment and the organisms, living inside it. Bertillon derived the concept from the French expression, with the same meaning, „Science des milieux“ (science of environment).[3] Later on he expanded the concept towards sociology. Today the word mesology is mainly used only in French[4] or Portuguese[5] languages. In English the form more used is Ecology (introduced in 1866 by Ernst Haeckel) is preferred, instead of Mesology.{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}} References{{wikt|mesology}}1. ^meaning of "mesology" TheFreeDictionary mesology (online), The Free Dictionary, 2013. Vizited: 2013-03-05. 2. ^{{cite book|last1=Field|first1=George|title=Outlines of Analogical Philosophy: Being a Primary View of the Principles, Relations and Purposes of Nature, Science and Art (2 vols.),|date=1839|publisher=Tilt|location=London|page=10-17|accessdate=December 19, 2017}} 3. ^{{cite book |last1=Toepfer |first1=Georg |title=Historisches Wörterbuch der Biologie |edition= |series= |volume=2 |date= |year=2011 |month= |publisher=Metzler |location=Stuttgart |language=de |isbn=978-3-476-02318-6 |pages=681; 706}} 4. ^{{cite book |last1=Schäfer |first1=Matthias |title=Wörterbuch der Ökologie |edition=4 |date= |year= |publisher=Spektrum |location= |language=de |isbn= |page= |pages=199}} 5. ^{{cite book |last1=Vieira |first1=Waldo |title=Nossa Evolução |edition=3 |year=2012 |origyear=1996 |publisher=Editares |location=Foy do Iguaçu, Brazil |language=pt |isbn=978-85-98966-58-8 |page= |pages=33 |chapter=5}} 1 : Ecology terminology |
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