| 词条 | Slush fund |
| 释义 |
A slush fund, also called a black fund, is a fund or account that is not properly accounted, such as money used for corrupt or illegal purposes, especially in the political sphere.[1] Such funds may be kept hidden and maintained separately from money that is used for legitimate purposes. Slush funds may be employed by government or corporate officials in efforts to pay influential people discreetly in return for preferential treatment, advance information (such as non-public information in financial transactions), and other services.[2] The funds themselves may not be kept secret but the source of the funds or how they were acquired or for what purposes they are used may be hidden. Use of slush funds to influence government activities may be viewed as subversive of the democratic process. In accounting, the term slush fund describes a general ledger account of commingled funds to which all manner of transactions can be posted, with debits and credits cancelling each other.{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} ExamplesRichard Nixon's "Checkers speech" of 1952 was a somewhat successful effort to dispel a scandal concerning a slush fund of campaign contributions.[3] Years later, Nixon's presidential re-election campaign used slush funds to buy the silence of the "White House Plumbers".[4]EtymologyThe term slush fund was originally a nautical term: the slush was the fat or grease skimmed from the top of the cauldron when boiling salted meat. Ship officers would sell the fat to tallow makers, with the resulting proceeds kept as a slush fund[5] for making small purchases for the ship's crew.[6] References1. ^{{cite web | title=Slush fund | url=http://www.dictionary.com/browse/slush-fund?s=t | website=Dictionary.com Unabridged | accessdate=4 Jun 2017}} 2. ^Law, Jonathan. A Dictionary of Finance and Banking, 5 ed. ed., 2014. http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199664931.001.0001/acref-9780199664931-e-3516 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2008/01/17/the-dog-carries-the-day-for-nixon |title=The 1952 Checkers Speech: The Dog Carries the Day for Richard Nixon |first=David |last=LaGesse |date=January 17, 2008 |work=U.S. News & World Report}} 4. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/10/31/us/transcripts-of-nixon-tapes-show-the-path-to-watergate.html |title=Transcripts of Nixon Tapes Show the Path to Watergate |first=Tim |last=Weiner |date=October 31, 1997 |work=The New York Times}} 5. ^"slush fund, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, September 2016. Web. 8 September 2016. 6. ^Garg, Anu. A.Word.A.Day mailing list, 2017-Mar-01. http://wordsmith.org/words/slush_fund.html 4 : Corruption|Financial crimes|Funds|Nautical terminology |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。