“Middle Gujarati”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Middle Gujarati

释义

References

{{Infobox language
|name=Middle Gujarati
|nativename=
|pronunciation=
|era=Developed into Modern Gujarati by the 19th century
|familycolor=Indo-European
|fam2=Indo-Iranian
|fam3=Indo-Aryan
|fam4=Western^[1]
|fam5=Gujarati languages
|ancestor=Gurjar Apabhraṃśa
|ancestor2=Old Gujarati
|isoexception=historical
|glotto=none
}}Middle Gujarati (AD 1500–1800), split off from Rajasthani, and developed the phonemes ɛ and ɔ, the auxiliary stem ch-, and the possessive marker -n-.^[2] Major phonological changes characteristic of the transition between Old and Middle Gujarati are:^[3]

i, u develop to ə in open syllables
diphthongs əi, əu change to ɛ and ɔ in initial syllables and to e and o elsewhere
əũ develops to ɔ̃ in initial syllables and to ű in final syllables

These developments would have grammatical consequences. For example, Old Gujarati's instrumental-locative singular in -i was leveled and eliminated, having become the same as Old Gujarati's nominative/accusative singular in -ə.^[3]

References

1. ^Ernst Kausen, 2006. Die Klassifikation der indogermanischen Sprachen (Microsoft Word, 133 KB)
2. ^{{Harvnb|Mistry|2003|pp=115–116}}
3. ^¹{{Harvnb|Cardona|Suthar|2003|p=661}}

4 : Gujarati language|Cultural history of Gujarat|Indo-Aryan languages|Languages attested from the 15th century

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